The Relationship of Diet on the Disease Status in Patients Suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis

Document Type : Original Article(s)

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

2 MSc, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology AND Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

Background: Diet with regulating inflammation and oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between diet and disease activity score in RA patients in Kermanshah city.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 patients with a definitive diagnosis of RA according to the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/ European League against Rheumatism in Kermanshah city. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire and disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) based on the number of swollen and sensitive joints, ESR level and self-assessed general health. Logistic regression test with adjusting confounders was used to investigate the relationship between diet and DAS-28.
Findings: DAS-28 was directly related to total fat intake (β = 0.54) saturated fatty acid intake (β = 0.21), and omega 6 fatty acid intake (β = 0.26), while it was inversely related to protein intake (β = -0.62). Additionally, intake of red meats (β = 0.31) and animal fats (β = 0.24) was directly associated to DAS-28 and intake of white meats (β = -0.31), low-fat dairies (β = -0.53), vegetable oils (β = -0.21), fruits (β = -0.19), vegetables (β = -0.25), and spices (β = -0.29) were inversely associated.
Conclusion: Adherence to a high-protein and low-fat diets from white meats, low-fat dairies, fruits, vegetables, vegetable oils, and spices can be included in the diet therapy of patients with RA.

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