Investigation of Cadmium Chloride Cytotoxic Effect in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences AND Bioinformatics Research center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: Cadmium is a heavy metal widely used in industry and a major environmental pollutant which cytotoxic effects in different cell lines were investigated. MCF-7 cell line is one of breast cancer cell lines which cadmium effects have not been studied on it, so far. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of cadmium chloride in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.Methods: First, the MCF-7 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Roswell Park Memorial Institute) medium, at 37◦C in a 5% CO2, 95% air-humidified incubator. Then, the cells were transferred to a 96-well plate with various concentrations of cadmium chloride (0.1-1000 μM) and treated for 48 hours. Percentage of cell viability was measured via MTT assay [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. Also, microscopic studies of cadmium chloride-treated cells apoptosis were performed using Hoechst 33342 fluorescent dye and were observed via fluorescence microscopy.Findings: Increasing cadmium chloride concentration significantly decreased the percentage of living cells compared to the control groups (P < 0.05). The viability reducing started in concentration of 25 μM and reached to its maximum in concentrations of 1000 μM.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that cadmium have cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cell line in concentrations higher than 25 μM. In addition, the study showed that cell death induced mechanism by cadmium is apoptosis.

Keywords

References

  1. Navarro Silvera SA, Rohan TE. Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Cancer Causes Control 2007; 18(1): 7-27.
  2. Mao WP, Ye JL, Guan ZB, Zhao JM, Zhang C, Zhang NN, et al. Cadmium induces apoptosis in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells by caspase-dependent and -independent pathways acting on mitochondria. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21(3): 343-54.
  3. Houssami N, Cuzick J, Dixon JM. The prevention, detection, and management of breast cancer. Med J Aust 2006; 184(5): 230-4.
  4. Aguas F, Martins A, Gomes TP, de SM, Silva DP. Prophylaxis approach to a-symptomatic post-menopausal women: breast cancer. Maturitas 2005; 52(Suppl 1): S23-S31.
  5. Desoize B. Metals and metal compounds in cancer treatment. Anticancer Res 2004; 24(3a): 1529-44.
  6. Watjen W, Beyersmann D. Cadmium-induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells: influence of oxidative stress. Biometals 2004; 17(1): 65-78.
  7. Waisberg M, Joseph P, Hale B, Beyersmann D. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis. Toxicology 2003; 192(2-3): 95-117.
  8. Alonso-Gonzalez C, Gonzalez A, Mazarrasa O, Guezmes A, Sanchez-Mateos S, Martinez-Campa C, et al. Melatonin prevents the estrogenic effects of sub-chronic administration of cadmium on mice mammary glands and uterus. J Pineal Res 2007; 42(4): 403-10.
  9. Lawen A. Apoptosis-an introduction. Bioessays 2003; 25(9): 888-96.
  10. Fadeel B, Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B. Apoptosis in human disease: a new skin for the old ceremony? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 266(3): 699-717.
  11. Shirali S, Aghaei M, Shabani M, Fathi M, Sohrabi M, Moeinifard M. Adenosine induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via cyclinD1/Cdk4 and Bcl-2/Bax pathways in human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Tumour Biol 2013; 34(2): 1085-95.
  12. Panjehpour M, Taher MA, Bayesteh M. The growth inhibitory effects of cadmium and copper on the MDA-MB468 human breast cancer cells. J Res Med Sci 2010; 15(5): 279-86.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 297 - Serial Number 297
July and August 2014
Pages 1291-1298

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 August 2014
  • Revise Date: 26 May 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics