Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 35 447 2017 10 23 The Survey of Angiogenesis and Myometrial Thickness of Preimplantation Mouse Uterine in Natural Cycle in those Received Human Menopausal Gonadotropin-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HMG–HCG) and Sildenafil Citrate The Survey of Angiogenesis and Myometrial Thickness of Preimplantation Mouse Uterine in Natural Cycle in those Received Human Menopausal Gonadotropin-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HMG–HCG) and Sildenafil Citrate 1217 1224 15354 FA Gholamreza Dashti Associate Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Ariubarzan Farhadi Student of Medicine, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mohammad Javad Saeedi-Borujeni PhD Candidate, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0002-4075-5390 Bahman Rashidi Associate Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0003-1133-9571 Journal Article 2017 09 05 Background: Uterus myometrium contractions play crucial role in break or successful embryo implantation. Furthermore, efficient myometrial angiogenesis is important event for supplying endometrium blood. Recently, many studies were performed for investigating the effects of sildenafil citrate (SC) on female fertility. This study aimed was to assess the changes in myometrial thickness and associated angiogenesis after injections of sildenafil citrate in superovulated mice.Methods: Thirty adult female mice and ten adult male mice were purchased. The female mice were divided into three equal groups of control without any intervention, gonadotropin receiving human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and gonadotropin and sildenafil citrate receiving human menopausal gonadotropin, and human chorionic gonadotropin and sildenafil citrate administration. After mating, animals were deeply anesthetized and the uterus was rapidly removed for histology and immunohistochemistry process to identify cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31).Findings: In gonadotropin + sildenafil citrate group, the thickness of myometrium was significantly thicker than control and gonadotropin groups (P < 0.05 for both). The results of immunohistochemistry survey for myometrium CD31 demonstrated that administrated sildenafil citrate did not induce any angiogenesis associated alteration in gonadotropin + sildenafil citrate group (P > 0.05).Conclusion: It may finally conclude that administration of sildenafil citrate does not cause remarkable alterations in myometrial angiogenesis; but increases the thickness of myometrium. Although for realistic decision about the sildenafil citrate effects on aforementioned parameters, more molecular investigations and longer drug consumption periods are necessary. Background: Uterus myometrium contractions play crucial role in break or successful embryo implantation. Furthermore, efficient myometrial angiogenesis is important event for supplying endometrium blood. Recently, many studies were performed for investigating the effects of sildenafil citrate (SC) on female fertility. This study aimed was to assess the changes in myometrial thickness and associated angiogenesis after injections of sildenafil citrate in superovulated mice.Methods: Thirty adult female mice and ten adult male mice were purchased. The female mice were divided into three equal groups of control without any intervention, gonadotropin receiving human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and gonadotropin and sildenafil citrate receiving human menopausal gonadotropin, and human chorionic gonadotropin and sildenafil citrate administration. After mating, animals were deeply anesthetized and the uterus was rapidly removed for histology and immunohistochemistry process to identify cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31).Findings: In gonadotropin + sildenafil citrate group, the thickness of myometrium was significantly thicker than control and gonadotropin groups (P < 0.05 for both). The results of immunohistochemistry survey for myometrium CD31 demonstrated that administrated sildenafil citrate did not induce any angiogenesis associated alteration in gonadotropin + sildenafil citrate group (P > 0.05).Conclusion: It may finally conclude that administration of sildenafil citrate does not cause remarkable alterations in myometrial angiogenesis; but increases the thickness of myometrium. Although for realistic decision about the sildenafil citrate effects on aforementioned parameters, more molecular investigations and longer drug consumption periods are necessary. https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15354_e1740c5223422374b7fb1888478aabb9.pdf