Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 40 657 2022 03 21 Evaluation of Ultrasound-mediated Chemotherapy Treatment Using Dacarbazine on B16F10 Melanoma Cell Line Evaluation of Ultrasound-mediated Chemotherapy Treatment Using Dacarbazine on B16F10 Melanoma Cell Line 17 22 16282 10.48305/jims.2022.16282 FA Arman Esmailzadeh MSc in Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Ahmad Shanei PhD in Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0001-5999-0932 Neda Attaran Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-4503-6969 Seyed Hossein Hejazi Professor, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Simin Hemati Associate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2022 04 09 <strong>Background: </strong>The use of chemotherapy drugs in combination with ultrasound exposure increases their synergic effect at lower doses. It can play an important role in the treatment of drug-resistant cancers, such as melanoma. <br />Also, in this method, reducing the dose of the drug minimizes side effects on healthy cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-mediated chemotherapy with dacarbazine on malignant cell death and apoptosis induction in melanoma. <br /><strong>Methods:</strong> After culturing B16F10 melanoma cells in-vitro, the optimal concentration of dacarbazine was determined by MTT assay. The effect of ultrasound on cell survival was also investigated separately by the same method. In the next step, the cells were treated with the optimal concentration of dacarbazine at intensities of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 w/cm2 and were observed for 3 minutes. After 24 hours MTT assay was used to measure cell <br />viability. The level of apoptosis induction by treatments was also measured using flow cytometry.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> The survival rate of melanoma cells treated in combination with dacarbazine and ultrasound at 2 w/cm2showed the greatest decline. Also, the rate of apoptosis at 1.5 w/cm2<br />in combination with dacarbazine increased significantly.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The use of ultrasound in combination with dacarbazine can be effective in improving the response of melanoma to treatment and reduce the overall toxicity to non-cancerous cells. <strong>Background: </strong>The use of chemotherapy drugs in combination with ultrasound exposure increases their synergic effect at lower doses. It can play an important role in the treatment of drug-resistant cancers, such as melanoma. <br />Also, in this method, reducing the dose of the drug minimizes side effects on healthy cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-mediated chemotherapy with dacarbazine on malignant cell death and apoptosis induction in melanoma. <br /><strong>Methods:</strong> After culturing B16F10 melanoma cells in-vitro, the optimal concentration of dacarbazine was determined by MTT assay. The effect of ultrasound on cell survival was also investigated separately by the same method. In the next step, the cells were treated with the optimal concentration of dacarbazine at intensities of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 w/cm2 and were observed for 3 minutes. After 24 hours MTT assay was used to measure cell <br />viability. The level of apoptosis induction by treatments was also measured using flow cytometry.<br /><strong>Findings:</strong> The survival rate of melanoma cells treated in combination with dacarbazine and ultrasound at 2 w/cm2showed the greatest decline. Also, the rate of apoptosis at 1.5 w/cm2<br />in combination with dacarbazine increased significantly.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The use of ultrasound in combination with dacarbazine can be effective in improving the response of melanoma to treatment and reduce the overall toxicity to non-cancerous cells. https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_16282_a99868f5bfb00a881295083099e55a2d.pdf