Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 40 695 2023 01 01 The Effect of Ultrasound Therapy in the Presence of Combined Zinc Oxide/Gold Nanocomposite on Melanoma Cell Line The Effect of Ultrasound Therapy in the Presence of Combined Zinc Oxide/Gold Nanocomposite on Melanoma Cell Line 917 923 26271 10.48305/jims.v40.i695.0917 FA Arman Esmailzadeh PhD in Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0001-6670-3284 Ahmad Shanei Professor, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0001-5999-0932 Neda Attaran Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-4503-6969 Najmeh Najmoddin Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-1085-665X Atena Shirazi Msc in Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-5182-1509 Seyed Hossein Hejazi Professor, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article <strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>Zinc oxide nanoparticles can produce free radicals due to their piezoelectric properties, which are needed for cancer treatment. Also, using ultrasound waves in combination with zinc oxide nanoparticles can help increase the response to sonodynamic therapy by synergistically producing free radicals. On the other hand, with gold nanoparticles as a place for cavitation in the ultrasound field, the intensity threshold required for cavitation is reduced, reducing the damage to normal cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sonodynamic therapy of melanoma with zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite as a sonosensitizer. <strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>Chemical dosimetry was used to determine the level of free radicals produced due to combined zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite with and without ultrasound radiation. Also, measuring the survival and apoptosis rate in the cultured melanoma cells was done in-vitro by MTT and flow cytometry tests, respectively. <strong>Findings:</strong><strong> </strong>With the increase in the production of free radicals, the survival percentage of melanoma cells treated with combined zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite and ultrasound waves at an intensity of 2 W/cm2 showed the most significant decrease (by 20%) which was significantly different from the control group. Also, the apoptosis level caused by sonodynamic therapy with zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite increased significantly. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Using ultrasound waves in combination with zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite can play an influential role in improving the response of melanoma to treatment by raising the level of free radicals and reducing the general toxicity for non-cancerous cells by lowering the cavitation threshold. <strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>Zinc oxide nanoparticles can produce free radicals due to their piezoelectric properties, which are needed for cancer treatment. Also, using ultrasound waves in combination with zinc oxide nanoparticles can help increase the response to sonodynamic therapy by synergistically producing free radicals. On the other hand, with gold nanoparticles as a place for cavitation in the ultrasound field, the intensity threshold required for cavitation is reduced, reducing the damage to normal cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sonodynamic therapy of melanoma with zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite as a sonosensitizer. <strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>Chemical dosimetry was used to determine the level of free radicals produced due to combined zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite with and without ultrasound radiation. Also, measuring the survival and apoptosis rate in the cultured melanoma cells was done in-vitro by MTT and flow cytometry tests, respectively. <strong>Findings:</strong><strong> </strong>With the increase in the production of free radicals, the survival percentage of melanoma cells treated with combined zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite and ultrasound waves at an intensity of 2 W/cm2 showed the most significant decrease (by 20%) which was significantly different from the control group. Also, the apoptosis level caused by sonodynamic therapy with zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite increased significantly. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Using ultrasound waves in combination with zinc oxide/gold nanocomposite can play an influential role in improving the response of melanoma to treatment by raising the level of free radicals and reducing the general toxicity for non-cancerous cells by lowering the cavitation threshold. https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_26271_042b0f3dc6ef1da5755f972bcce7c1cc.pdf