Isfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75954277520240822Investigating the Effects of Exposure to PFOA During Pregnancy on the Expression of Neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and Neurotrophin 4 (NT4) Factors in the Brain of Newborn RatsInvestigating the Effects of Exposure to PFOA During Pregnancy on the Expression of Neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and Neurotrophin 4 (NT4) Factors in the Brain of Newborn Rats5996043128510.48305/jims.v42.i775.0599FASatarDoghiMSc Student, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranZeinolabedinSharifian DastjerdiAssistant Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-3092-0284NazemGhasemiAssociate Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-6729-0271Journal Article20240820<strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>Previous studies have shown perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) causes organ cytotoxicity. There are high levels of PFOA in cord blood that may affect organogenesis. In the present study, the effects of exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) during pregnancy were investigated on the expression of neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and neurotrophin 4 (NT4) factors in the rat brain.
<strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>In this study, the newborns brains of 35 pregnant Wistar rats were used. Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, including control groups, sham groups, and three groups receiving PFOA at the rate of 1, 5, and 10 mg per kilogram of body weight, were used. In the group receiving PFOA, this compound was given daily using the gavage technique. Using ELISA and Real-Time PCR methods, we investigated the expression of NT3 and NT4 factors in the brain of newborn mice 20 days after birth.
<strong>Findings:</strong><strong> </strong>The results showed that the average expression of NT3 and NT4 genes and proteins in the PFOA receiving groups, especially in the 5 and 10 mg PFOA groups, significantly increased compared to other groups (P ≤ 0.001).
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of the present study showed that exposure to PFOA during pregnancy can lead to increased expression of NT3 and NT4 factors. Increasing these factors by suppressing the oxidant and apoptotic effects of PFOA can prevent PFOA-induced neurological disorders.<strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>Previous studies have shown perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) causes organ cytotoxicity. There are high levels of PFOA in cord blood that may affect organogenesis. In the present study, the effects of exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) during pregnancy were investigated on the expression of neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and neurotrophin 4 (NT4) factors in the rat brain.
<strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>In this study, the newborns brains of 35 pregnant Wistar rats were used. Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, including control groups, sham groups, and three groups receiving PFOA at the rate of 1, 5, and 10 mg per kilogram of body weight, were used. In the group receiving PFOA, this compound was given daily using the gavage technique. Using ELISA and Real-Time PCR methods, we investigated the expression of NT3 and NT4 factors in the brain of newborn mice 20 days after birth.
<strong>Findings:</strong><strong> </strong>The results showed that the average expression of NT3 and NT4 genes and proteins in the PFOA receiving groups, especially in the 5 and 10 mg PFOA groups, significantly increased compared to other groups (P ≤ 0.001).
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of the present study showed that exposure to PFOA during pregnancy can lead to increased expression of NT3 and NT4 factors. Increasing these factors by suppressing the oxidant and apoptotic effects of PFOA can prevent PFOA-induced neurological disorders.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_31285_e2edf8a3b6635786b076e998ffdd1052.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75954277520240822The Relationship between Mental Health and Death Anxiety in End-of-Life Patients Referred to Razi Hospital in RashtThe Relationship between Mental Health and Death Anxiety in End-of-Life Patients Referred to Razi Hospital in Rasht6056103128310.48305/jims.v42.i775.0605FAZahraAhmadniaPhD by Research Student in Epidmiology, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0003-3636-639XKeyvanHadad ZahmatkeshDoctor of Medicine Student, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IranKouroshDelpasandAssociate Professor of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0001-6842-3374Journal Article20240630<strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>Spiritual health is one of the influential aspects of human health and generally provides a harmonious and integrated connection between human internal forces. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the relationship between mental health and death anxiety in end-of-life patients.
<strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>This descriptive and analytical study was conducted in 2023. A total of 140 end-of-life patients were included in the study. The tools used in the research were a multi-part questionnaire containing a checklist of demographic information, Templer's Death Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, and Poltzin and Ellison's Spiritual Health Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis test.
<strong>Findings:</strong><strong> </strong>In this study, the average age of the patients was 56.54 ± 12.74 years, the average death anxiety score was 8.19 ± 3.383, and the average spiritual health score was 79.94 ± 18.30. The results of the correlation coefficient of the two variables of spiritual health and death anxiety showed that the higher the spiritual health, the less death anxiety was observed.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Death anxiety is high in end-of-life patients. It is suggested that counseling sessions are necessary to reduce this challenge.<strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>Spiritual health is one of the influential aspects of human health and generally provides a harmonious and integrated connection between human internal forces. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the relationship between mental health and death anxiety in end-of-life patients.
<strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>This descriptive and analytical study was conducted in 2023. A total of 140 end-of-life patients were included in the study. The tools used in the research were a multi-part questionnaire containing a checklist of demographic information, Templer's Death Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, and Poltzin and Ellison's Spiritual Health Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis test.
<strong>Findings:</strong><strong> </strong>In this study, the average age of the patients was 56.54 ± 12.74 years, the average death anxiety score was 8.19 ± 3.383, and the average spiritual health score was 79.94 ± 18.30. The results of the correlation coefficient of the two variables of spiritual health and death anxiety showed that the higher the spiritual health, the less death anxiety was observed.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Death anxiety is high in end-of-life patients. It is suggested that counseling sessions are necessary to reduce this challenge.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_31283_dc9dab195b7aeefb54a4f8bfa798d2da.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75954277520240822Presumed Partial Third Nerve Palsy after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case ReportPresumed Partial Third Nerve Palsy after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report6116143128810.48305/jims.v42.i775.0611FAAfsanehNaderiIsfahan University of medical sciences, ophthalmology department0000-0002-0609-9430HamedRadmehrmedical student , Medical School , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, IranMohamad AliDayaniAssistant Professor, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital AND Department of Clinical Radiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran0000-0003-1791-6720AliSalehiIsfahan eye research center, Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan UniversityZahraNaderi BeniShahrekord university of medical sciences0000-0001-5728-9819MohammadMalekahmadiIsfahan eye research center, Department of ophthalmology, Isfahan university of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-3814-8863Journal Article20240723<strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>COVID-19 vaccination has been crucial in controlling the pandemic, yet it has been associated with various complications. Common mild adverse reactions include discomfort and swelling at the injection site, urticaria, rashes, fever, and headaches. Severe adverse events of special interest (AESI) have also been reported, such as facial nerve palsy, myelitis, ischemia, and cranial nerve palsies.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>We report a 76-year-old patient with right partial third nerve palsy 20 days after receiving the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Laboratory tests and neuroimaging found no explanation for the patient's problem. The patient was followed up without medications and, over time, the patient's symptoms improved.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A notable case involved third nerve palsy following COVID-19 vaccination, highlighting the potential for neurological complications. While these severe reactions are rare, their occurrence emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring and research to ensure vaccine safety. Overall, the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks, but awareness of potential complications is essential for effective healthcare management.<strong>Background:</strong><em> </em>COVID-19 vaccination has been crucial in controlling the pandemic, yet it has been associated with various complications. Common mild adverse reactions include discomfort and swelling at the injection site, urticaria, rashes, fever, and headaches. Severe adverse events of special interest (AESI) have also been reported, such as facial nerve palsy, myelitis, ischemia, and cranial nerve palsies.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>We report a 76-year-old patient with right partial third nerve palsy 20 days after receiving the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Laboratory tests and neuroimaging found no explanation for the patient's problem. The patient was followed up without medications and, over time, the patient's symptoms improved.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A notable case involved third nerve palsy following COVID-19 vaccination, highlighting the potential for neurological complications. While these severe reactions are rare, their occurrence emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring and research to ensure vaccine safety. Overall, the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks, but awareness of potential complications is essential for effective healthcare management.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_31288_1146d96286ade57a9fa715376dae4c20.pdf