Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
The Frequency of Meconium Staining Amniotic Fluid, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome and Associated Factors in Newborns in Alghadir Hospital
The Frequency of Meconium Staining Amniotic Fluid, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome and Associated Factors in Newborns in Alghadir Hospital
12941
FA
Mohsen
Naseri
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Farzaneh
Jahangir Zadeh
Pediatrician, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kambiz
Sotoudeh
Resident, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mitra
Azar Shahin
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Payman
Salamati
Associate Professor, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: Approximately 15% of all live births are complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Fortunately, only 5% of neonate born through meconium staining amniotic fluid (MSAF) develop meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). This study was designed to assess the frequency of meconium staining amniotic fluid, meconium aspiration syndrome and their associated factors. Methods: this cross-sectional study performed during 2004-2005 in Alghadir hospital, which is a charity hospital located in the east part of Tehran with a large number of deliveries annually and also a highly equipped neonatal ICU. All live births newborns in these 2 years included in the study and newborns with MSAF and MAS were evaluated more. Findings: There were 6355 live births in the hospital in this period. Two hundreds and nineteen (3.4%) of them had MSAF and MAS developed in only 12 newborns (0.002 of total births and 5% of MSAF). In MAS group, 7 neonates (58.3%) had low APGAR score (< 8) (P = 0.001) and also, 10 of them (83.3%) had thick meconium (P = 0.017); but there were no relation between MAS and type of delivery, gestational age and birth weight (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There are meaningful relationships between MAS with low APGAR and thick meconium. Keywords: Amniotic fluid, Apgar score, Meconium, Meconium aspiration syndrome.
Background: Approximately 15% of all live births are complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Fortunately, only 5% of neonate born through meconium staining amniotic fluid (MSAF) develop meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). This study was designed to assess the frequency of meconium staining amniotic fluid, meconium aspiration syndrome and their associated factors. Methods: this cross-sectional study performed during 2004-2005 in Alghadir hospital, which is a charity hospital located in the east part of Tehran with a large number of deliveries annually and also a highly equipped neonatal ICU. All live births newborns in these 2 years included in the study and newborns with MSAF and MAS were evaluated more. Findings: There were 6355 live births in the hospital in this period. Two hundreds and nineteen (3.4%) of them had MSAF and MAS developed in only 12 newborns (0.002 of total births and 5% of MSAF). In MAS group, 7 neonates (58.3%) had low APGAR score (< 8) (P = 0.001) and also, 10 of them (83.3%) had thick meconium (P = 0.017); but there were no relation between MAS and type of delivery, gestational age and birth weight (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There are meaningful relationships between MAS with low APGAR and thick meconium. Keywords: Amniotic fluid, Apgar score, Meconium, Meconium aspiration syndrome.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12941_e833aecdce1507964e8c9d3f72f86829.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
The Effect of Ellis Rational-Emotional Therapy on Reduce of Test Anxiety
The Effect of Ellis Rational-Emotional Therapy on Reduce of Test Anxiety
12943
FA
Maryam
Shahandeh
Faculty Member, Payam-e-Noor University, Ahvaz, Iran.
0000-0003-3377-9279
Sahar
Safarzadeh
Faculty Member, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: Test Anxiety is a worldwide phenomenon. It is a big educational problem experienced by millions of students all over the world. Researches showed that the epidemic rate of Test Anxiety of students is 30 present and their educational improvement is lower than normal students. Methods: The propose of this experimental study was to compare and analysis of Test Anxiety between the guidance school girl students that randomically divided into experimental (90 girls) and control (90 girls) groups. We used test–retest method and validated Test Anxiety Inventory questionnaire was employed to assess to the data. One-way ANOVA were investigated. Findings: Comparison of groups showed the mean of pretest and posttest were significantly changed (F = 4.824, P < 0.029). In the other hand, Test Anxiety of girl students which contributed in treatment programs decreased. Conclusion: Cognitive, Rational-Emotional Therapy affected in reducing girls, Test Anxiety. Keywords: Rational-emotional therapy, Test Anxiety.
Background: Test Anxiety is a worldwide phenomenon. It is a big educational problem experienced by millions of students all over the world. Researches showed that the epidemic rate of Test Anxiety of students is 30 present and their educational improvement is lower than normal students. Methods: The propose of this experimental study was to compare and analysis of Test Anxiety between the guidance school girl students that randomically divided into experimental (90 girls) and control (90 girls) groups. We used test–retest method and validated Test Anxiety Inventory questionnaire was employed to assess to the data. One-way ANOVA were investigated. Findings: Comparison of groups showed the mean of pretest and posttest were significantly changed (F = 4.824, P < 0.029). In the other hand, Test Anxiety of girl students which contributed in treatment programs decreased. Conclusion: Cognitive, Rational-Emotional Therapy affected in reducing girls, Test Anxiety. Keywords: Rational-emotional therapy, Test Anxiety.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12943_aba5d6a59e6e1d77c270efd80b65ab54.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
The Effect of Eight Weeks Corrective Exercise with Ergonomic Intervention on Musculoskeletal Disorders among Loabiran Industry Workers
The Effect of Eight Weeks Corrective Exercise with Ergonomic Intervention on Musculoskeletal Disorders among Loabiran Industry Workers
12944
FA
Nader
Rahnama
Associate Professor, Department of Sport Injury, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
0000-0002-0443-4303
Effat
Bambaeichi
Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Fadya
Ryasati
Lecturer, Department of Sports, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a common health related problem throughout the world and a major cause of disability in the workplace, especially in the development countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8-week corrective exercise on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among workers of Loabiran industry. Methods: Ninety-one workers of Loabiran industry participated in this study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to study the prevalence of MSD. After primarily evaluations from 91 workers, thirty-one workers identified as having MSD involved in corrective exercise program for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, each session 45 to 90 minutes). Findings: Regarding MSD, a significant difference between different sites of body was found (P < 0.05); low back (26.3 %), shoulder (18.9 %) and knee (17 %) were the most prevalent sites. The severity and rate of disorders decreased significantly following 8-weeks training in low back, shoulder, knee, neck and hand/wrist areas (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that prevalence of MSD among workers of Loabiran industry was relatively high and corrective exercise program was effective to decrease it. So, corrective exercise for reducing risk level would be recommended. Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, Ergonomy, Corrective exercise.
Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a common health related problem throughout the world and a major cause of disability in the workplace, especially in the development countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8-week corrective exercise on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among workers of Loabiran industry. Methods: Ninety-one workers of Loabiran industry participated in this study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to study the prevalence of MSD. After primarily evaluations from 91 workers, thirty-one workers identified as having MSD involved in corrective exercise program for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, each session 45 to 90 minutes). Findings: Regarding MSD, a significant difference between different sites of body was found (P < 0.05); low back (26.3 %), shoulder (18.9 %) and knee (17 %) were the most prevalent sites. The severity and rate of disorders decreased significantly following 8-weeks training in low back, shoulder, knee, neck and hand/wrist areas (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that prevalence of MSD among workers of Loabiran industry was relatively high and corrective exercise program was effective to decrease it. So, corrective exercise for reducing risk level would be recommended. Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, Ergonomy, Corrective exercise.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12944_8dff42bf16b4df68b84507b5d12b9f0e.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
The Comparison of four Resistance Training Protocols on Level of Human Growth Hormone Secretion in Beginner Male Athletes
The Comparison of four Resistance Training Protocols on Level of Human Growth Hormone Secretion in Beginner Male Athletes
12945
FA
Mehdi
Kargarfard
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Iran.
Ehsan
Amiri
School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Iran.
Keyvan
Moradian
PhD Student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare four resistant training protocols on level of human growth hormone secretion in beginner male athletes. Methods: In a semi-excremental study, 12 healthy male subjects were chosen randomly among beginner athletes with mean age: 22.3 ± 2.2 years, height: 178.5 ± 4.03 cm, weight: 73.9 ± 3.02 kg and body mass index: 23.26 ± 1.1 kg/m2. Bilateral knee extension exercise used as the exercise movement. Each of athletes was participated in four training protocols and concentration of human growth hormone was measured before and immediately after each exercise. Interval between executing each of exercise protocols was one week. Before implementing the exercise protocol, 1RM of bilateral knee extension was measured. Protocol 1 included 5 set at 90% of 1RM, with 3-min rests until tired. In second, third and fourth protocols, after doing last set (fifth set) and 30-seconds of rest, an additional set with 50%, 30% and 20% of 1RM until tired was performed. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures for differences among training protocols, Scheffe post hoc comparison and students paired t-test for differences between correlated means. Findings: The executing second protocol (T50) and third protocol (T30), increased human growth hormone concentrations after exercise significantly (P < 0.001); whereas firs protocol (T1) and fourth protocol (T20) caused no significantly change in human growth hormone concentrations after exercise (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of present research showed that adding a set of 50% or 30% of 1RM until tired to a training program done by high intensity and low repetition will increase amount of hormone secretion significantly after exercise. Keywords: Resistant training, Muscular strength, Human growth hormone.
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare four resistant training protocols on level of human growth hormone secretion in beginner male athletes. Methods: In a semi-excremental study, 12 healthy male subjects were chosen randomly among beginner athletes with mean age: 22.3 ± 2.2 years, height: 178.5 ± 4.03 cm, weight: 73.9 ± 3.02 kg and body mass index: 23.26 ± 1.1 kg/m2. Bilateral knee extension exercise used as the exercise movement. Each of athletes was participated in four training protocols and concentration of human growth hormone was measured before and immediately after each exercise. Interval between executing each of exercise protocols was one week. Before implementing the exercise protocol, 1RM of bilateral knee extension was measured. Protocol 1 included 5 set at 90% of 1RM, with 3-min rests until tired. In second, third and fourth protocols, after doing last set (fifth set) and 30-seconds of rest, an additional set with 50%, 30% and 20% of 1RM until tired was performed. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures for differences among training protocols, Scheffe post hoc comparison and students paired t-test for differences between correlated means. Findings: The executing second protocol (T50) and third protocol (T30), increased human growth hormone concentrations after exercise significantly (P < 0.001); whereas firs protocol (T1) and fourth protocol (T20) caused no significantly change in human growth hormone concentrations after exercise (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of present research showed that adding a set of 50% or 30% of 1RM until tired to a training program done by high intensity and low repetition will increase amount of hormone secretion significantly after exercise. Keywords: Resistant training, Muscular strength, Human growth hormone.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12945_f2d34fcd37e85f9867708bf71782cda6.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
The Effect of Glucose on Fetal Movement
The Effect of Glucose on Fetal Movement
12946
FA
Nasrin
Sarafraz
MSc in Midwifery, Faculty Member, Larestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Larestan, Iran.
Simin
Montazeri
MSc in Midwifery, Faculty Member, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Najimeh
Saadati
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Razi Hospital, Jundishapur University Of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Mahmud
Latifi
MSc in Biostatics, School of Health, Jundishapur University Of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: Adequate fetal movement is one of health markers and can be altered under influence of pathologic and nonpathologic causes. Since, glucose is an energetic agent, and its availability for central nervous system (CNS) provides better coordination of movements through the complex control of CNS. So in present study, we evaluated the effect of maternal glucose ingestion on fetal movements accompanied by fetal heart rate acceleration. Methods: A prospective study was performed at Amir-almomenin in Ahvaz on 35 non-laboring healthy women with normal singleton pregnancy at 37-40 weeks gestation. The women were evaluated in a fasting state (last meal more than 3 hours of the non stress test). The non stress tests and fetal body movements perceived by the mother were performed 1 hour following oral ingestion of 50 g of glucose in 240 ml of water or an equal volume of water during two successive days. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test and chi-square test. In all the analysis, P < 0.05 was considered significant. Findings: There was no significant difference in the incidence of number of gross fetal body movements perceived by the mother among women whether receiving glucose or water (P > 0.05). However, there was an increase in the incidence of number of fine fetal movement (P = 0.043) following oral ingestion glucose. Conclusion: Maternal oral glucose ingestion have effect in the incidence of number of fine fetal movement but these fetal movements could not cause fetal heart rate acceleration that is one of the health markers. Keywords: Fetal assessment methods, Glucose, Fetal movement, Fetal heart rate acceleration.
Background: Adequate fetal movement is one of health markers and can be altered under influence of pathologic and nonpathologic causes. Since, glucose is an energetic agent, and its availability for central nervous system (CNS) provides better coordination of movements through the complex control of CNS. So in present study, we evaluated the effect of maternal glucose ingestion on fetal movements accompanied by fetal heart rate acceleration. Methods: A prospective study was performed at Amir-almomenin in Ahvaz on 35 non-laboring healthy women with normal singleton pregnancy at 37-40 weeks gestation. The women were evaluated in a fasting state (last meal more than 3 hours of the non stress test). The non stress tests and fetal body movements perceived by the mother were performed 1 hour following oral ingestion of 50 g of glucose in 240 ml of water or an equal volume of water during two successive days. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test and chi-square test. In all the analysis, P < 0.05 was considered significant. Findings: There was no significant difference in the incidence of number of gross fetal body movements perceived by the mother among women whether receiving glucose or water (P > 0.05). However, there was an increase in the incidence of number of fine fetal movement (P = 0.043) following oral ingestion glucose. Conclusion: Maternal oral glucose ingestion have effect in the incidence of number of fine fetal movement but these fetal movements could not cause fetal heart rate acceleration that is one of the health markers. Keywords: Fetal assessment methods, Glucose, Fetal movement, Fetal heart rate acceleration.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12946_6ddbcfc5780466b4939637df65b65c3d.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
An Investigation on Physical, Chemical and Microbial Quality of Isfahan Swimming Pool Waters Based on Standard Indicators
An Investigation on Physical, Chemical and Microbial Quality of Isfahan Swimming Pool Waters Based on Standard Indicators
12947
FA
Mahnaz
Nikaeen
Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
0000-0002-1852-1547
Maryam
Hatamzadeh
Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Marzieh
Vahid Dastjerdi
Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Akbar
Hassanzadeh
Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Zahra
Mosavi
Health Center of Isfahan Province, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mehdi
Rafiei
Health Center of Isfahan Province, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: Swimming is a recreational activity generally considered to be a healthy exercise. However, swimming pools may transmit a great number of infectious diseases, if not properly maintained, disinfected and monitored. The objective of the research was to investigate the water quality of Isfahan swimming pools and comprise the results with the standards. Methods: Twenty-five of public swimming pools were surveyed. Water samples were examined for physiochemical parameters including temperature, turbidity, pH and free chlorine and also for heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria, total and fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Findings: There was a poor compliance to the established standards for two important physiochemical parameters, including free chlorine and pH. Among the microbial indicators, total coliforms were the most frequent isolate, followed by HPC and fecal coliforms the next. The correlation analyses demonstrated the HPC and total coliforms bacteria populations increased with decrease in free chlorine. The correlation analyses also indicated that there was a positive relationship between total coliforms and all other microbiological parameters. Conclusion: Complete compliance of the pools to the standards was fairly poor and only one of the pools was free of pollution by fecal coliforms and P. aeruginosa, two important microbial indicators, during the sampling period. It is also important to maintain the proper level of free chlorine and pH in the swimming pools to ensure safety of the water quality. Keywords: Swimming pools, Water quality, Microbial indicators, Standard.
Background: Swimming is a recreational activity generally considered to be a healthy exercise. However, swimming pools may transmit a great number of infectious diseases, if not properly maintained, disinfected and monitored. The objective of the research was to investigate the water quality of Isfahan swimming pools and comprise the results with the standards. Methods: Twenty-five of public swimming pools were surveyed. Water samples were examined for physiochemical parameters including temperature, turbidity, pH and free chlorine and also for heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria, total and fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Findings: There was a poor compliance to the established standards for two important physiochemical parameters, including free chlorine and pH. Among the microbial indicators, total coliforms were the most frequent isolate, followed by HPC and fecal coliforms the next. The correlation analyses demonstrated the HPC and total coliforms bacteria populations increased with decrease in free chlorine. The correlation analyses also indicated that there was a positive relationship between total coliforms and all other microbiological parameters. Conclusion: Complete compliance of the pools to the standards was fairly poor and only one of the pools was free of pollution by fecal coliforms and P. aeruginosa, two important microbial indicators, during the sampling period. It is also important to maintain the proper level of free chlorine and pH in the swimming pools to ensure safety of the water quality. Keywords: Swimming pools, Water quality, Microbial indicators, Standard.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12947_16ad66b2d7d7eda19f34e2f6197e2236.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case-Control Study
Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case-Control Study
12948
FA
Hassan
Salehi
Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
0000-0002-8592-2447
Ahmad
Chitsaz
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Shahrokh
Mardani
Resident of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Marzieh
Salehi
Student of Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mojtaba
Akbari
MSc in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
0000-0002-5777-9612
Heshmatollah
Shakeri
Resident, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Background: The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still not fully understood. Infectious agents are believed to play a role in the development of this multifactorial disease. The aim of this study was comparison of HBsAg and HBsAb in multiple sclerosis patients and control group. Methods: We conducted a case-control study within the Multiple Sclerosis Database in Isfahan. Forty multiple sclerosis patients and forty people of their neighbors (as control group) were include in the study. We evaluate the plasma levels of HBsAg and HBsAb in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS16 using Independent sample t-test and chi-square test. We considered P < 0.05 as significance. Findings: Plasma levels of HBsAb were positive in 25% of all multiple sclerosis subjects vs 15% of subjects in control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate no association between plasma levels of HBsAg and multiple sclerosis. Keywords: Seroepidemiology, Hepatitis B, Multiple Sclerosis.
Background: The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still not fully understood. Infectious agents are believed to play a role in the development of this multifactorial disease. The aim of this study was comparison of HBsAg and HBsAb in multiple sclerosis patients and control group. Methods: We conducted a case-control study within the Multiple Sclerosis Database in Isfahan. Forty multiple sclerosis patients and forty people of their neighbors (as control group) were include in the study. We evaluate the plasma levels of HBsAg and HBsAb in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS16 using Independent sample t-test and chi-square test. We considered P < 0.05 as significance. Findings: Plasma levels of HBsAb were positive in 25% of all multiple sclerosis subjects vs 15% of subjects in control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate no association between plasma levels of HBsAg and multiple sclerosis. Keywords: Seroepidemiology, Hepatitis B, Multiple Sclerosis.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12948_24322cab50d699df38e74ee891f86f77.pdf
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
1027-7595
28
108
2010
07
23
The Role of Infectious Agents in Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis
The Role of Infectious Agents in Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis
12942
FA
Sayyed Hamid
Zarkesh-Esfahani
Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Hamid
Zahed Nasab
BSc Student, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Mohammad Reza
Jabalameli
BSc Student, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Arash
Babaei
.دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکدهی علوم، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
Ehsan
Bahrami
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکدهی علوم، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
Journal Article
2010
11
07
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. In this disease, the immune system attacks myelin sheath in the areas of the brain and spinal cord known as the white matter. Despite extensive researches, the etiology of disease is still unknown. Epidemiological evidences and high levels of immunoglobulin G in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients suggest a role for infectious disease in the etiology of multiple sclerosis. In this paper, we review the recent findings regarding the most extensively studied bacteria and viruses in the etiology of multiple sclerosis.Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Myelin, Immunoglobulin G, Infectious agents.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. In this disease, the immune system attacks myelin sheath in the areas of the brain and spinal cord known as the white matter. Despite extensive researches, the etiology of disease is still unknown. Epidemiological evidences and high levels of immunoglobulin G in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients suggest a role for infectious disease in the etiology of multiple sclerosis. In this paper, we review the recent findings regarding the most extensively studied bacteria and viruses in the etiology of multiple sclerosis.Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Myelin, Immunoglobulin G, Infectious agents.
https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_12942_8d2583b317ce1bd4962cec8605c5676a.pdf