Isfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953334420150823IndexIndex14690FAJournal Article20151012Click to download the index of this issue.Click to download the index of this issue.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_14690_46d361782608fdbb1b4f3bd6cf5e31f3.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953334420150823Comparing the Effects of Functional, Sports Vision and Concurrent Training on Static and Dynamic Balance in Elderly WomenComparing the Effects of Functional, Sports Vision and Concurrent Training on Static and Dynamic Balance in Elderly Women1186119614691FAMansoorehJafariMSc Student, Department of Sport Sciences, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranHamidZahediAssistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranZohrehMeshkatiAssistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20140714Background: Every year, 10% of the elderlies with more than 65 years of age, lose their independency for one or more daily activities. Among several reasons for falling, balance disorder is of prominent role. Physical exercise is widely accepted as an inexpensive, available and low-risk method for balance maintainance and restoring. This study aimed to compare the effect of a period of functional, sports vision and concurrent training on static and dynamic balance in elderly women.Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 36 elderly women who were members of Dastgerd Martyrs Cultural Academy (Isfahan, Iran), with the mean age of 63.86 ± 3.40 years, were enrolled via convenience sampling. The participants were devided into three equal groups of functional, sports vision, and concurrent training. Then, for 8 weeks, the members of every group practiced, three 60-minute sessions a week. Using pre-test, post-test method, before the start and at the end of practice period, static and dynamic balance were measured using Sharpened Romberg and Timed Up and Go tests, respectively. For statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied.Findings: All three practice programs were influential (P = 0.0001). In addition, there was no significant difference between the groups in static and dynamic balance of the participants during eight weeks of practice (P > 0.05) and all three methods (functional, sports vision and concurrent training) made the same progress.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the coaches and authorities could take the advantage of such practices in their treatment programs, to improve static and dynamic balance of elderly people.Background: Every year, 10% of the elderlies with more than 65 years of age, lose their independency for one or more daily activities. Among several reasons for falling, balance disorder is of prominent role. Physical exercise is widely accepted as an inexpensive, available and low-risk method for balance maintainance and restoring. This study aimed to compare the effect of a period of functional, sports vision and concurrent training on static and dynamic balance in elderly women.Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 36 elderly women who were members of Dastgerd Martyrs Cultural Academy (Isfahan, Iran), with the mean age of 63.86 ± 3.40 years, were enrolled via convenience sampling. The participants were devided into three equal groups of functional, sports vision, and concurrent training. Then, for 8 weeks, the members of every group practiced, three 60-minute sessions a week. Using pre-test, post-test method, before the start and at the end of practice period, static and dynamic balance were measured using Sharpened Romberg and Timed Up and Go tests, respectively. For statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied.Findings: All three practice programs were influential (P = 0.0001). In addition, there was no significant difference between the groups in static and dynamic balance of the participants during eight weeks of practice (P > 0.05) and all three methods (functional, sports vision and concurrent training) made the same progress.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the coaches and authorities could take the advantage of such practices in their treatment programs, to improve static and dynamic balance of elderly people.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_14691_6340831392e9cd8af9598274f4b3c5c0.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953334420150823The Effect of Pre-feeding with Purslane Seed Oil (Portulaca Oleracea) on Brain Stroke Volume (MCAO Model) in the Rat Animal ModelThe Effect of Pre-feeding with Purslane Seed Oil (Portulaca Oleracea) on Brain Stroke Volume (MCAO Model) in the Rat Animal Model1197121014692FAMarziyehVarnaseriMSc Student, Department of Physiology, Zanjan School of Science and Research, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IranMehdiRahnemAssociate Professor, Biology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IranMohammadrezaBigdeliAssociate Professor, Department of Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20150404Background: Brain stroke is still considered to be a big problem for the public health, and is among the four main reasons for death in most of the countries. Common purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a medically discovered plant investigated in several studies as an adjuvant or replacement treatment and for different diseases. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between common purslane oil consumption and reduction of brain stroke rate in rats. Methods: 35 Wistar male rats weighing 25-300 g were divided into five groups of test (3), control (1), and Sham (1). Test groups received three doses of the aforesaid oil (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mg per kg body weight) and the control group received distilled water by gavage. After 30 days gavage, brain stroke surgery was performed on the rats. 24 hours later, animals were checked concerning neurological violations and then, the brain was removed under deep anesthesia and the volume of brain stroke was measured through staining by means of triphenyltetrazolium chloride.Findings: Total volume of brain stroke (mm3) in doses of 0.50 and 0.75 mg per kg body weight indicated a meaningful difference in comparison to the control group. In addition, median score of neurological violations was significantly reduced through Portulaca oleracea oil consumption in the doses of 0.5 and 0.75 mg per kg body weight, compared to the control group.Conclusion: According to the results, common purslane oil can reduce the amount of body tissue damages caused by brain stroke and finally, could lead to a kind of neurological protection.Background: Brain stroke is still considered to be a big problem for the public health, and is among the four main reasons for death in most of the countries. Common purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a medically discovered plant investigated in several studies as an adjuvant or replacement treatment and for different diseases. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between common purslane oil consumption and reduction of brain stroke rate in rats. Methods: 35 Wistar male rats weighing 25-300 g were divided into five groups of test (3), control (1), and Sham (1). Test groups received three doses of the aforesaid oil (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mg per kg body weight) and the control group received distilled water by gavage. After 30 days gavage, brain stroke surgery was performed on the rats. 24 hours later, animals were checked concerning neurological violations and then, the brain was removed under deep anesthesia and the volume of brain stroke was measured through staining by means of triphenyltetrazolium chloride.Findings: Total volume of brain stroke (mm3) in doses of 0.50 and 0.75 mg per kg body weight indicated a meaningful difference in comparison to the control group. In addition, median score of neurological violations was significantly reduced through Portulaca oleracea oil consumption in the doses of 0.5 and 0.75 mg per kg body weight, compared to the control group.Conclusion: According to the results, common purslane oil can reduce the amount of body tissue damages caused by brain stroke and finally, could lead to a kind of neurological protection.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_14692_ae7d9dc853482ef5146fb11f73f93b0b.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953334420150823Interobserver Variation in Grading and Staging of Chronic Hepatitis Using Knodell Ishak (Modified HAI) or Batts-Ludwig Scoring SystemsInterobserver Variation in Grading and Staging of Chronic Hepatitis Using Knodell Ishak (Modified HAI) or Batts-Ludwig Scoring Systems1211121914693FAMitraHeidarpourAssociate Professor, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMohammad HoseinSaneiAssociate Professor, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-2886-7365ParvinRajabiProfessor, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAzinMomeniStudent of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20140528Background: Reliable assessment of liver histopathology in patients with chronic hepatitis is important for assessing the severity of the disease. This study aimed to survey the interobserver variability of liver biopsy assessment performed via two of the most commonly used systems.Methods: 54 liver biopsies from patients with chronic hepatitis were scored by three independent observers using Knodell Ishak [modified histology activity index (HAI)] and Batts-Ludwig systems.Findings: The best agreement was seen for Knodell Ishak’s staging (Kendall’s correlation coefficient (r) = 90%, P < 0.001). The worst agreement was seen for Batts-Ludwig grading. (r = 63%, P < 0.001).Conclusion: We conclude that both systems showed better agreement for staging than for grading; while both systems produced reasonable agreement between the observers, Knodell Ishak system showed greater results.Background: Reliable assessment of liver histopathology in patients with chronic hepatitis is important for assessing the severity of the disease. This study aimed to survey the interobserver variability of liver biopsy assessment performed via two of the most commonly used systems.Methods: 54 liver biopsies from patients with chronic hepatitis were scored by three independent observers using Knodell Ishak [modified histology activity index (HAI)] and Batts-Ludwig systems.Findings: The best agreement was seen for Knodell Ishak’s staging (Kendall’s correlation coefficient (r) = 90%, P < 0.001). The worst agreement was seen for Batts-Ludwig grading. (r = 63%, P < 0.001).Conclusion: We conclude that both systems showed better agreement for staging than for grading; while both systems produced reasonable agreement between the observers, Knodell Ishak system showed greater results.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_14693_25989f1da5598dd89e7134affeca8697.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953334420150823Early- and Late-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Emergency- and Non-emergency-Admitted Patients in the Intensive Care Units of Alzahra Hospital (Isfahan, Iran): Comparison of Bacterial SubgroupsEarly- and Late-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Emergency- and Non-emergency-Admitted Patients in the Intensive Care Units of Alzahra Hospital (Isfahan, Iran): Comparison of Bacterial Subgroups1220123214694FABabakAlikiaieAssistant Professor, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDaryoushMoradiAssistant Professor, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMaryamMosaddeghStudent of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranNimaSalimiStudent of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJamshidMosaddeghGeneral Practitioner, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20150726Background: One of the most prevalent infections in intensive care units (ICUs) is ventilator-associated pneumonia that divided in two groups of early- and late-onset pneumonia. The aim of this study was determining the prevalence of early- and late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in emergency- and non-emergency-admitted patients in the intensive care units.Methods: In a prospective study, 100 patients hospitalized in intensive care units of Alzahra Hospital (Isfahan, Iran) who suffered from ventilator-associated pneumonia were selected. Based on the time of pneumonia onset, the patients were divided in early- (lower than 4 days) and late-onset (4 and over days) groups. The subtype of bacteria and patients’ characteristics were compared between the two groups.Findings: The mean age of the patients was 33.85 ± 13.27 years. 58 patients were emergency- and 42 were non-emergency-admitted. 23 (23%) patients suffered from late- and 77 (77%) from early-onset pneumonia. Prevalence rate of early-onset pneumonia was 75.9% and 78.6% in emergency- and non-emergency-admitted patients (P = 0.75). The mean pneumonia score was 7.26 ± 2.07 and 7.17 ± 1.66 in late- and early-onset pneumonia, respectively (P = 0.83). The most prevalent bacterial cause was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (30.4%) and Acinetobacter (33.8%) in late- and early-onset pneumonia, respectively (P = 0.10).Conclusion: A considerable part of happened ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units was late-onset which my lead to increase of hospitalization time and mortality risk in these patients. In addition, antibiotic-resistant bacteria were more in late-onset pneumonia. Hence, daily visit of patients about ventilator-associated pneumonia and early treatment in suspected cases is recommended.Background: One of the most prevalent infections in intensive care units (ICUs) is ventilator-associated pneumonia that divided in two groups of early- and late-onset pneumonia. The aim of this study was determining the prevalence of early- and late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in emergency- and non-emergency-admitted patients in the intensive care units.Methods: In a prospective study, 100 patients hospitalized in intensive care units of Alzahra Hospital (Isfahan, Iran) who suffered from ventilator-associated pneumonia were selected. Based on the time of pneumonia onset, the patients were divided in early- (lower than 4 days) and late-onset (4 and over days) groups. The subtype of bacteria and patients’ characteristics were compared between the two groups.Findings: The mean age of the patients was 33.85 ± 13.27 years. 58 patients were emergency- and 42 were non-emergency-admitted. 23 (23%) patients suffered from late- and 77 (77%) from early-onset pneumonia. Prevalence rate of early-onset pneumonia was 75.9% and 78.6% in emergency- and non-emergency-admitted patients (P = 0.75). The mean pneumonia score was 7.26 ± 2.07 and 7.17 ± 1.66 in late- and early-onset pneumonia, respectively (P = 0.83). The most prevalent bacterial cause was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (30.4%) and Acinetobacter (33.8%) in late- and early-onset pneumonia, respectively (P = 0.10).Conclusion: A considerable part of happened ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units was late-onset which my lead to increase of hospitalization time and mortality risk in these patients. In addition, antibiotic-resistant bacteria were more in late-onset pneumonia. Hence, daily visit of patients about ventilator-associated pneumonia and early treatment in suspected cases is recommended.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_14694_0806a60e2e5466094ab2652bef28a251.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953334420150823Factors Affecting Family’s Consent in Brain-Death Candidates for Organ DonationFactors Affecting Family’s Consent in Brain-Death Candidates for Organ Donation1233123814695FAMaryamNaghnehMSc Student, Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, IranDavudTaghvaeiAssistant Professor, Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, IranParvizKashefiAssociate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine AND Research Center for Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAliDastani-HoseynabadiDepartment of Humanities, Fouladshahr Branch, Payame Noor University, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20140113Background: According to donating law, in addition to patient satisfaction, family’s consent for organ donation is essential. In this study, factors affecting patients’ families’ consent in brain-death candidates for organ donation was investigated.Methods: This descriptive with the population of 135 consent families to organ donation was done in Isfahan, Iran, during 2002 to 2012. As a sample, 100 subjects were selected randomly via Morgan table. A researcher-made questionnaire and Allport and Ross Religious Orientation Scale were used for data collection. The descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics [t and analysis of variances (ANOVA)] were used for data analysis.Findings: Treatment, physician support and the religious attitudes had direct influence on the decision of the families for organ donation. In contrast, the effect of factors such as knowledge, the impact of coordinator and internal religious beliefs were not significant. In addition, there was no difference between the influence of factors such as gender and influential component (knowledge, the treatment, the coordinator, religious attitudes and beliefs) on family’s consent. However, the impact of factors such as the treatment, the physician, the coordinator, religious attitudes and external religious beliefs were different based on educational background.Conclusion: The effect of individual characteristics of coordination, religious attitudes and internal religious beliefs vary based on people’s career.Background: According to donating law, in addition to patient satisfaction, family’s consent for organ donation is essential. In this study, factors affecting patients’ families’ consent in brain-death candidates for organ donation was investigated.Methods: This descriptive with the population of 135 consent families to organ donation was done in Isfahan, Iran, during 2002 to 2012. As a sample, 100 subjects were selected randomly via Morgan table. A researcher-made questionnaire and Allport and Ross Religious Orientation Scale were used for data collection. The descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics [t and analysis of variances (ANOVA)] were used for data analysis.Findings: Treatment, physician support and the religious attitudes had direct influence on the decision of the families for organ donation. In contrast, the effect of factors such as knowledge, the impact of coordinator and internal religious beliefs were not significant. In addition, there was no difference between the influence of factors such as gender and influential component (knowledge, the treatment, the coordinator, religious attitudes and beliefs) on family’s consent. However, the impact of factors such as the treatment, the physician, the coordinator, religious attitudes and external religious beliefs were different based on educational background.Conclusion: The effect of individual characteristics of coordination, religious attitudes and internal religious beliefs vary based on people’s career.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_14695_4662efebaa2ef1b42bb1097a941393ef.pdf