Isfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953646520180321IndexIndex1548010.22122/jims.v36i465.11021FAJournalIndex0000-0003-0874-1906Journal Article20181114Click to download the index of this issue.Click to download the index of this issue.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15480_9a9c759a3bc07fef5ebaf9d2eea33dc1.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953646520180321The Effect of AdipoRon on the Activity of Caspase 3, Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9, and Angiogenesis in Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem CellThe Effect of AdipoRon on the Activity of Caspase 3, Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9, and Angiogenesis in Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell171548110.22122/jims.v36i465.9095FASaraMalihMSc Student, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranMassoudSaidijamProfessor, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranSaraSoleimaniaslAssociate Professor, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranRezvanNajafiAssistant Professor, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranJournal Article20171030Background: Today, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an appropriate option for the treatment of many diseases. But, poor viability, and low number of transplanted stem cells are the main obstacles in cell therapy. Recently, stem cell preconditioning with chemical and pharmacological agents has been shown to increase therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we investigated the effect of AdipoRon, adiponectin receptor agonist, on activity of caspase 3, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and angiogenesis in rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were treated with different concentrations of AdipoRon for 24 hours. The expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin 2 and 4 (Ang-2 and Ang-4) were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Gelatin zymography assay was applied to investigate the protease activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9. Measurement of caspase-3 activity was carried out via an enzymatic assay.Findings: The real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was higher in AdipoRon-treated mesenchymal stem cells compared to control groups when angiopoietin 2 and 4 did not show any significant change. The enzymatic activity of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 was increased in treated samples with AdipoRon compared to control group. The caspase-3 activity was attenuated in AdipoRon-pretreated cells compared to the control group.Conclusion: Based on these results, it is likely that preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells with AdipoRon prior to transplantation can enhance the viability and migration via overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor, activation of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 enzymes, and inhibit the activation of caspase-3.Background: Today, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an appropriate option for the treatment of many diseases. But, poor viability, and low number of transplanted stem cells are the main obstacles in cell therapy. Recently, stem cell preconditioning with chemical and pharmacological agents has been shown to increase therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we investigated the effect of AdipoRon, adiponectin receptor agonist, on activity of caspase 3, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and angiogenesis in rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were treated with different concentrations of AdipoRon for 24 hours. The expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin 2 and 4 (Ang-2 and Ang-4) were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Gelatin zymography assay was applied to investigate the protease activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9. Measurement of caspase-3 activity was carried out via an enzymatic assay.Findings: The real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was higher in AdipoRon-treated mesenchymal stem cells compared to control groups when angiopoietin 2 and 4 did not show any significant change. The enzymatic activity of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 was increased in treated samples with AdipoRon compared to control group. The caspase-3 activity was attenuated in AdipoRon-pretreated cells compared to the control group.Conclusion: Based on these results, it is likely that preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells with AdipoRon prior to transplantation can enhance the viability and migration via overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor, activation of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 enzymes, and inhibit the activation of caspase-3.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15481_abe1f87b60e4b5d2798c7bad84b1905e.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953646520180321Diagnostic Value of Lactoferrin in Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections in ChildrenDiagnostic Value of Lactoferrin in Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections in Children8131548510.22122/jims.v36i465.9182FAAlirezaMerrikhiAssociate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranZahraParsapourResident, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20171111Background: Urinary tract infections is a common disease, especially in children, and is diagnosed through urine culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of lactoferrin in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 45 children with urinary tract infection (positive culture) and 45 children without urinary tract infection (negative culture) were investigated for urinary lactoferrin level and its cut-off point and diagnostic value were evaluated based on the result of urine culture.Findings: The cut-off point for lactoferrin level was 400 ng/dl, and based on this test, the sensitivity and specificity rate was 20% and 93%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 75% and 53%, respectively.Conclusion: Lactoferrin, due to its high specificity, can prevent more diagnostic tests for negative cases. Due to the relatively high positive predictive value in clinical cases, it facilitates the decision to initiate treatment with positive tests. Lactoferrin can be a good test for ultimate prevention of delay in the onset of treatment, which results in irreversible complications in kidney and urinary system.Background: Urinary tract infections is a common disease, especially in children, and is diagnosed through urine culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of lactoferrin in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 45 children with urinary tract infection (positive culture) and 45 children without urinary tract infection (negative culture) were investigated for urinary lactoferrin level and its cut-off point and diagnostic value were evaluated based on the result of urine culture.Findings: The cut-off point for lactoferrin level was 400 ng/dl, and based on this test, the sensitivity and specificity rate was 20% and 93%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 75% and 53%, respectively.Conclusion: Lactoferrin, due to its high specificity, can prevent more diagnostic tests for negative cases. Due to the relatively high positive predictive value in clinical cases, it facilitates the decision to initiate treatment with positive tests. Lactoferrin can be a good test for ultimate prevention of delay in the onset of treatment, which results in irreversible complications in kidney and urinary system.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15485_ccddb19d94622d5ff1ee354d99d24d20.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953646520180321The Protective Effect of 6 Weeks of Voluntary Training on Liver Apoptosis Induced by Doxorubicin in Aging Model RatsThe Protective Effect of 6 Weeks of Voluntary Training on Liver Apoptosis Induced by Doxorubicin in Aging Model Rats14211548210.22122/jims.v36i465.9390FAMinooDadban-ShahamatPhD Student in Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran0000-0003-2811-9874ValiollahDabidi-RoshanProfessor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, IranTourajFarazmandfarAssistant Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Technologies AND Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IranJournal Article20171227Background: Different training methods have been presented to reduce the side effects of doxorubicin and it seems that according to patient's condition, the time to start exercises, and the duration and stress of exercise should be considered. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of voluntary exercise on liver apoptosis induced by doxorubicin in aging model rats.Methods: 42 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups of young, aging, aging + saline, aging + doxorubicin, aging + doxorubicin + voluntary training, and aging + saline+ voluntary training. Voluntary training was performed in cages equipped with a running wheel for six weeks individually and freely. At the same time, as the end of the training, doxorubicin or saline solution was injected with a cumulative dose (1 mg/kg). 48 hours after completion of the training, liver tissue sampling was performed to assess the apoptosis via examining the expression of Bax and B-cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) proteins using western blot method.Findings: One-way analysis of variance showed that in the training groups, the expression level of Bax protein and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased significantly, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly increased in comparison to the control groups.Conclusion: Voluntary exercises prior to treatment with doxorubicin can reduce apoptosis and increase survival in healthy elderly hepatocytes via reducing the Bax protein and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, thereby reducing the side effects of doxorubicin.Background: Different training methods have been presented to reduce the side effects of doxorubicin and it seems that according to patient's condition, the time to start exercises, and the duration and stress of exercise should be considered. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of voluntary exercise on liver apoptosis induced by doxorubicin in aging model rats.Methods: 42 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups of young, aging, aging + saline, aging + doxorubicin, aging + doxorubicin + voluntary training, and aging + saline+ voluntary training. Voluntary training was performed in cages equipped with a running wheel for six weeks individually and freely. At the same time, as the end of the training, doxorubicin or saline solution was injected with a cumulative dose (1 mg/kg). 48 hours after completion of the training, liver tissue sampling was performed to assess the apoptosis via examining the expression of Bax and B-cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) proteins using western blot method.Findings: One-way analysis of variance showed that in the training groups, the expression level of Bax protein and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased significantly, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly increased in comparison to the control groups.Conclusion: Voluntary exercises prior to treatment with doxorubicin can reduce apoptosis and increase survival in healthy elderly hepatocytes via reducing the Bax protein and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, thereby reducing the side effects of doxorubicin.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15482_a2a750ff64f34c66249d0f7d3dd42004.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953646520180321Serum Levels of 25(OH) Vitamin D3 and Clinical Manifestation of First Demyelinating AttackSerum Levels of 25(OH) Vitamin D3 and Clinical Manifestation of First Demyelinating Attack22271548310.22122/jims.v36i465.9406FAZahraNasrStudent of Medicine, Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center AND Isfahan Research Committee of Multiple Sclerosis, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMasoudEtemadifarProfessor, Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center AND Isfahan Research Committee of Multiple Sclerosis, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-0066-3782MojtabaAkbariEpidemiologist, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-5777-9612Journal Article20171231Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The role of vitamin D against onset and progression of multiple sclerosis is well-recognized. In this study, we evaluated the serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D3 in patients with clinically isolated syndrome with the manifestation of optic neuritis, brain stem, and spinal cord syndrome.Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 104 cases were enrolled (35 patients with optic neuritis, 35 patients with spinal cord syndrome, and 34 patients with brain stem syndrome). The serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D3 were measured in all patients.Findings: Mean serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D3 was 11.30 ± 6.82, 14.00 ± 10.27, and 18.65 ± 13.15 ng/ml in patients with spinal cord syndrome, optic neuritis, and brain stem syndrome, respectively. Serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D3 was significantly lower in patients with spinal cord syndrome in comparison to patients with optic neuritis or brain stem syndrome (P = 0.010).Conclusion: According to previous studies, the association between poor serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D3 and increased relapse rate and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis has been reported. Furthermore, lower 25-OH vitamin D3 levels are associated with increased risk of the disease later in life. In our study, different serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D3 was associated with variable clinical manifestations of the disease. The status of 25-OH vitamin D3 appears to play an important role since the very early stages of disease.Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The role of vitamin D against onset and progression of multiple sclerosis is well-recognized. In this study, we evaluated the serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D3 in patients with clinically isolated syndrome with the manifestation of optic neuritis, brain stem, and spinal cord syndrome.Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 104 cases were enrolled (35 patients with optic neuritis, 35 patients with spinal cord syndrome, and 34 patients with brain stem syndrome). The serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D3 were measured in all patients.Findings: Mean serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D3 was 11.30 ± 6.82, 14.00 ± 10.27, and 18.65 ± 13.15 ng/ml in patients with spinal cord syndrome, optic neuritis, and brain stem syndrome, respectively. Serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D3 was significantly lower in patients with spinal cord syndrome in comparison to patients with optic neuritis or brain stem syndrome (P = 0.010).Conclusion: According to previous studies, the association between poor serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D3 and increased relapse rate and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis has been reported. Furthermore, lower 25-OH vitamin D3 levels are associated with increased risk of the disease later in life. In our study, different serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D3 was associated with variable clinical manifestations of the disease. The status of 25-OH vitamin D3 appears to play an important role since the very early stages of disease.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15483_3765802a807628e3ece9dbd30ca00a21.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953646520180321Microbiological and Serological Evaluation of the Meningitis Outbreak in a Community Center in Isfahan Province, Iran, during the Years 2016-2017Microbiological and Serological Evaluation of the Meningitis Outbreak in a Community Center in Isfahan Province, Iran, during the Years 2016-201728341548410.22122/jims.v36i465.9531FARezaKhadiviAssociate Professor, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-9468-3110RezaFadaeiInfectious Disease Specialist, Center for Disease Control, Isfahan Province Health Center, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-8468-2445MohammadKananiStudent of Medicine, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-8824-9948FazlollahFatehiGeneral Practitioner, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20180123Background: Meningococcal meningitis is a major health problem in tropical regions, including Iran. Identification of the type of serogroup involved in screening programs is essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the microbiological and serological characteristics of meningitis outbreaks in a camp in Isfahan Province, during the years 2016-2017.Methods: This cross-sectional study performed on 51 patients with meningococcal meningitis. After recording the demographic data, various variables including history of vaccination and prophylaxis, lumbar puncture (LP) result, blood culture, and antibiotic resistance were recorded. The obtained statistics were reported as abundance and average.Findings: 31.4% of the subjects were vaccinated, and 76.5% had received a prophylaxis. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, 80.48% of cases were negative, only 4.87% were streptococcus viridans, and 14.53% were Neisseria meningitides. In evaluating blood culture, 74.50% of cases were negative, 23.50% of cases were Neisseria meningitides, and 2.00% of cases were Staphylococcus epidermidis. All the serogroups were serogroup B.Conclusion: In our study, it was found that the incidence of meningitis was high even in patients who received standard prophylaxis and meningococcal vaccine. On the other hand, all of them had serogroup B; therefore preventive measures including the use of vaccines and prophylaxis affecting serogroup B should be performed more serious.Background: Meningococcal meningitis is a major health problem in tropical regions, including Iran. Identification of the type of serogroup involved in screening programs is essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the microbiological and serological characteristics of meningitis outbreaks in a camp in Isfahan Province, during the years 2016-2017.Methods: This cross-sectional study performed on 51 patients with meningococcal meningitis. After recording the demographic data, various variables including history of vaccination and prophylaxis, lumbar puncture (LP) result, blood culture, and antibiotic resistance were recorded. The obtained statistics were reported as abundance and average.Findings: 31.4% of the subjects were vaccinated, and 76.5% had received a prophylaxis. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, 80.48% of cases were negative, only 4.87% were streptococcus viridans, and 14.53% were Neisseria meningitides. In evaluating blood culture, 74.50% of cases were negative, 23.50% of cases were Neisseria meningitides, and 2.00% of cases were Staphylococcus epidermidis. All the serogroups were serogroup B.Conclusion: In our study, it was found that the incidence of meningitis was high even in patients who received standard prophylaxis and meningococcal vaccine. On the other hand, all of them had serogroup B; therefore preventive measures including the use of vaccines and prophylaxis affecting serogroup B should be performed more serious.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_15484_86f7bddf621db0ef88789a9fd5074b85.pdf