Isfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953964020211023The Correlation between Sperm DNA Fragmentation and the Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Infertile MenThe Correlation between Sperm DNA Fragmentation and the Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Infertile Men6536581624110.22122/jims.v39i640.14340FAAfsanehJaberi-AslMSc Student, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-7362-9713MohammadrezaSharifiAssociate Professor, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranGholam RezaDashtiProfessor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine AND Saint Maryam Fertility and Infertility Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20210720Background: Infertility is a disorder of the reproductive system that affects a significant percentage of men. DNA damage and its causative agents negatively affect fertility outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the sperm viability, DNA fragmentation, and HOTAIR gene expression in infertile and fertile men, and to investigate the correlation between them.Methods: Specimens of semen were obtained randomly from 25 fertile and 25 infertile men, aged between 25-55 years who were referred to Saint Maryam Fertility and Infertility Center of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Sperm viability was assessed using Eosin-Nigrosin staining. DNA fragmentation was assessed by sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCDT). The expression of HOTAIR was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR).Findings: HOTAIR gene expression in infertile people was significantly decreased in comparison to fertile group. HOTAIR expression level was negatively correlated with DNA fragmentation and positively correlated with sperm viability (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Decreased HOTAIR expression and increased DNA damage in infertile people and the correlation between them indicating the importance of assessing DNA damage and research on their causative agents.Background: Infertility is a disorder of the reproductive system that affects a significant percentage of men. DNA damage and its causative agents negatively affect fertility outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the sperm viability, DNA fragmentation, and HOTAIR gene expression in infertile and fertile men, and to investigate the correlation between them.Methods: Specimens of semen were obtained randomly from 25 fertile and 25 infertile men, aged between 25-55 years who were referred to Saint Maryam Fertility and Infertility Center of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Sperm viability was assessed using Eosin-Nigrosin staining. DNA fragmentation was assessed by sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCDT). The expression of HOTAIR was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR).Findings: HOTAIR gene expression in infertile people was significantly decreased in comparison to fertile group. HOTAIR expression level was negatively correlated with DNA fragmentation and positively correlated with sperm viability (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Decreased HOTAIR expression and increased DNA damage in infertile people and the correlation between them indicating the importance of assessing DNA damage and research on their causative agents.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_16241_c3eeb87920e101814f85b28d030738ab.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953964020211023The Effect of Whey Protein Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Muscle Damage in Basketball Athletes: A Double-Blinded Clinical TrialThe Effect of Whey Protein Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Muscle Damage in Basketball Athletes: A Double-Blinded Clinical Trial6596641624210.22122/jims.v39i640.14166FAMehnooshSamadiAssistant Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology AND Research Center for Environmental Factors Affecting Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0001-9766-0694DavoudSoleimaniAssistant Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0001-9604-4347MohamadMoradiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0002-6446-7289NeginKamariDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0003-0114-1043MansourRezaeiProfessor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health AND Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0002-9017-3743MohammadHozooriAssociate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran0000-0003-0114-1043Journal Article20210522Background: Muscle damage and inflammation are common phenomena associated with aerobic exercise. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of high-protein supplementation on inflammatory and muscle damage indices in basketball athletes.Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 44 basketball players aged 20-30 in Kermanshah City, Iran, during an 8-week intervention period. The intervention group was treated with whey protein supplement daily, and the control group received placebo. Serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), as well as muscle pain index were measured before and after intervention.Findings: LDH, CK, and muscle pain index were significantly decreased in intervention group; however, AST and hs-CRP were not significantly different between the two groups. There were not significant differences in serum IL-6 concentration between two groups, but showed decreases of IL-6 in intervention group at the end of study. Moreover, there was significant decrease in serum LD and CK level in intervention group at the end of study. There was a significant increase in soft lean mass, and a significant decrease in the percent of body fat in the intervention group.Conclusion: This study showed the efficacy of whey protein intake on some muscle damage markers in basketball athletes.Background: Muscle damage and inflammation are common phenomena associated with aerobic exercise. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of high-protein supplementation on inflammatory and muscle damage indices in basketball athletes.Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 44 basketball players aged 20-30 in Kermanshah City, Iran, during an 8-week intervention period. The intervention group was treated with whey protein supplement daily, and the control group received placebo. Serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), as well as muscle pain index were measured before and after intervention.Findings: LDH, CK, and muscle pain index were significantly decreased in intervention group; however, AST and hs-CRP were not significantly different between the two groups. There were not significant differences in serum IL-6 concentration between two groups, but showed decreases of IL-6 in intervention group at the end of study. Moreover, there was significant decrease in serum LD and CK level in intervention group at the end of study. There was a significant increase in soft lean mass, and a significant decrease in the percent of body fat in the intervention group.Conclusion: This study showed the efficacy of whey protein intake on some muscle damage markers in basketball athletes.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_16242_8db966959676f75bd2ba06c4a2ea266a.pdfIsfahan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Isfahan Medical School1027-75953964020211023The Effect of High and Moderate Intensities of Interval Exercise on Perilipin 3 Visceral Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Male RatsThe Effect of High and Moderate Intensities of Interval Exercise on Perilipin 3 Visceral Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats6656721624310.22122/jims.v39i640.14382FARoyaBesharatiPhD Candidate, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-8034-7201RaminShabaniProfessor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-2681-3814ShahramGholamrezaeiAssistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-2681-3814Journal Article20210805Background: The reaction of fat droplet proteins to interval exercise may lead to the development of conditions that provide an underlying mechanism for exercise and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different intensities of intermittent exercise on perilipin 3 visceral adipose tissue and insulin resistance in male rats.Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of healthy and diabetic. Then, the diabetic rats were divided into three subgroups of diabetic control and two interval exercise methods (8 in each group). The exercise was performed in the moderate- and high-intensity group with 65-70 and 85-90 percent of the maximum oxygen consumption during eight weeks. 48 hours after the last training session, the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of a combination of anesthetic ketamine and xylazine, and adipose tissue around the intestine was removed. The expression level of perilipin 3 protein was assessed by Western blotting, and insulin resistance by the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) method. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests.Results: The post hoc test showed a significant decrease in perilipin 3 and insulin resistance in the high-intensity (P = 0.001) and moderate-intensity (P = 0.001) interval exercise groups compared to the diabetic control group; while there was no significant difference between high- and moderate-intensity interval exercise groups (P = 0.328).Conclusion: High-intensity and moderate-intensity intermittent exercise can improve glucose metabolism as well as dramatic changes in the tissue levels of perilipin 3 in type 2 diabetic rats.Background: The reaction of fat droplet proteins to interval exercise may lead to the development of conditions that provide an underlying mechanism for exercise and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different intensities of intermittent exercise on perilipin 3 visceral adipose tissue and insulin resistance in male rats.Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of healthy and diabetic. Then, the diabetic rats were divided into three subgroups of diabetic control and two interval exercise methods (8 in each group). The exercise was performed in the moderate- and high-intensity group with 65-70 and 85-90 percent of the maximum oxygen consumption during eight weeks. 48 hours after the last training session, the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of a combination of anesthetic ketamine and xylazine, and adipose tissue around the intestine was removed. The expression level of perilipin 3 protein was assessed by Western blotting, and insulin resistance by the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) method. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests.Results: The post hoc test showed a significant decrease in perilipin 3 and insulin resistance in the high-intensity (P = 0.001) and moderate-intensity (P = 0.001) interval exercise groups compared to the diabetic control group; while there was no significant difference between high- and moderate-intensity interval exercise groups (P = 0.328).Conclusion: High-intensity and moderate-intensity intermittent exercise can improve glucose metabolism as well as dramatic changes in the tissue levels of perilipin 3 in type 2 diabetic rats.https://jims.mui.ac.ir/article_16243_70ca55f33cb2fcd5e2d674587ed9d5c2.pdf