بررسی شاخص‌های رشد دختران 14-6 ساله در شهر قزوین

صفاری, فاطمه; جلیل‌القدر, شبنم; اسماعیل زاده‌ها, ندا; شریعتی نژاد, کیوان

بررسی شاخص‌های رشد دختران 14-6 ساله در شهر قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار، گروه اطفال، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران

² پزشک عمومی، واحد حمایت از توسعه‌ی تحقیقات بالینی قدس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران

³ کارشناس ارشد، گروه آمار حیاتی، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: پایش منظم قد، وزن و دور سر بهترین شاخص ارزیابی وضعیت رشد فرد و سلامت جامعه است. رشد تحت تأثیر تفاوت‌ها‌ی نژادی، عوامل ژنتیکی و محیطی، وضعیت اقتصادی و شیوه‌ی زندگی می‌باشد. استفاده از نمودارهای مرجع سایر کشورها به دلیل تفاوت‌ها‌ی نژادی و سبک زندگی خالی از ایراد نیست و این تفاوت‌ها‌ نیاز به استفاده از منحنی‌ها‌ی رشد استاندارد ملی بر اساس تنوع نژادی منطقه‌ای را توجیه می‌کند. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین شاخص‌ها‌ی تن‌سنجی و ارزیابی کارایی مرجع CDC 2000 برای دختران 6 تا 14 ساله‌ی شهر قزوین انجام شد. روش‌ها: این مطالعه به روش توصیفی و مقطعی بین 2219 نفر از دختران مدارس ابتدایی و راهنمایی شهر قزوین در سال 1388 انجام شد. نمونه‌گیری از مدارس دولتی و غیرانتفاعی به روش تصادفی خوشه‌ای و با محاسبه‌ی 10 درصد کل دانش‌آموزان انجام شد. 18 نفر به دلیل بیماری زمینه‌ای یا مصرف داروی خاص از مطالعه حذف شدند. قد با دقت 2 میلی‌متر و وزن با دقت 100 گرم اندازه‌گیری شد. نمایه‌ی توده بدنی (Body mass index یا BMI) با تقسیم وزن بر حسب کیلوگرم بر مجذور قد بر حسب متر محاسبه گردید. BMI کمتر از صدک 5 لاغر، صدک 5 تا 85 طبیعی، صدک 85 تا 95 دارای اضافه وزن و صدک بیش از 95 چاق در نظر گرفته شد.یافته‌ها: 1260 نفر (24/57 درصد) قد زیر صدک 50 و 1153 نفر (38/52 درصد) وزن زیر صدک 50 داشتند. در مقایسه‌ی قد با مقادیر NCHS (National center for health statistics)، 157 نفر (13/7 درصد) قد زیر صدک 5، 78 نفر (55/3 درصد) قد بالاتر از صدک 95 و 1966 نفر (32/89 درصد) قد طبیعی داشتند. در مقایسه‌ی وزن با مقادیر NCHS، 217 نفر (85/9 درصد) وزن زیر صدک 5، 1848 نفر (97/83 درصد) وزن طبیعی و 136 نفر (18/6 درصد) وزن بالاتر از صدک 95 داشتند. در مقایسه‌ی BMI با مقادیر NCHS، 206 نفر (35/9 درصد) لاغر، 1553 نفر (55/70 درصد) طبیعی، 282 نفر (7/12 درصد) دارای اضافه وزن و 163 نفر (4/7 درصد) چاق بودند.نتیجه‌گیری: میانگین قدی دختران قزوینی پایین‌تر از مرجع، میانگین وزن آن‌ها مشابه یا کمی بالاتر از مرجع بود که در نهایت منجر به افزایش BMI نسبت به مرجع در این گروه شد. این بررسی نشان داد که الگوی رشد دختران قزوینی با الگوی رشد ارائه شده در مرجع CDC 2000 متفاوت است. با توجه به این تفاوت‌ها‌، نیاز به استفاده از منحنی‌ها‌ی رشد استاندارد ملی بر اساس تنوع نژادی و منطقه‌ای ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Anthropometric Indices in 6-14 Year-Old Girls in Qazvin, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

Fatemeh Saffari ¹
Shabnam Jalilolgadr ¹
Neda Esmailzadehha ²
keivan shariatinejad ³

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

² Qods Clinical Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

³ Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background: Regular monitoring of height, weight and head circumference is the best indicator of the status of the individual and community health. Growth is influenced by race, genetic, environmental factors, economic status and lifestyle. The aim of this study was to determine the anthropometric indices and evaluate the performance of the CDC 2000 reference in 6 to 14 year-old girls in Qazvin, Iran.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 2219 elementary and secondary school girls in Qazvin during 2009-10. Random cluster sampling was performed to select subjects form public and private schools considering 10 percent of the students. Eighteen students were excluded due to underlying diseases or medications intake. Height (with an accuracy of 2 mm) and weight (with an accuracy of 100 grams) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing the weightin kilograms by the square of the height in meters. BMIs below the 5th percentile, between the 5th and 85the percentile, between the 85the and 95th percentile, and above the 95th percentile were respectively considered as underweight, normal, overweight, and obeseFindings: Height in 1260 students (57.24%) and weight in 1153 cases (52.38%) were below the 50th percentile. Comparing the height values with NCHS showed that 157 subjects (13.7%) were under the 5th percentile, 78 individuals (3.55%) were over the 95th percentile and 1966 cases (89.32%) had normal weight. Comparing the weight values with NCHS revealed that 217 patients (9.85%) were under the 5th percentile, 1848 cases (83.97%) had normal weight and 136 individuals (18.6%) were over the 95th percentile. When the calculated BMIs and NCHS values were compared, 206 students (9.35%) were underweight, 1553 cases (70.55%) were normal, 282 cases (12.7%) were overweight and 163 (7.4%) were obese. The study showed the growth pattern of girls in Qazvin to be different from CDC 2000 reference.Conclusion: Since the average height of girls was below the reference and their average weight was similar or slightly higher than the reference, BMI was eventually increased compared to the reference group. The study showed that the growth pattern of girls in Qazvin was different from CDC 2000 reference. Given these differences, using national standard growth curves based on ethnic and regional diversity seems to be necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Height
Weight
Body mass index (BMI)
Girls
Growth

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