بررسی میزان احساس تنهایی اجتماعی و عاطفی در سالمندان و ارتباط آن با برخی از عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت در شهرستان اصفهان در سال‌های 97-1396

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی پزشکی، کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: بسیاری از سالمندان دوران پیری را به عنوان دوران تنهایی توصیف کرده‌اند. از این رو، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر این تفکر، امری ضروری در جهت پیش‌گیری از این احساس می‌باشد. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی میزان احساس تنهایی اجتماعی و عاطفی در سالمندان و ارتباط آن با برخی از عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت در شهرستان اصفهان در سال‌های 97-1396 بود.روش‌ها: این مطالعه بر روی 200 سالمند انجام گرفت. پس از اخذ رضایت از افراد و ثبت اطلاعات دموگرافیک، سلامت اجتماعی Keyes جهت بررسی میزان سلامت اجتماعی و پرسش‌نامه‌ی Social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (SELSA) به منظور تعیین میزان فراوانی تنهایی اجتماعی و عاطفی ثبت شد. آزمون‌های 2χ، t و همبستگی Pearson جهت مقایسه‌ی داده‌ها استفاده شد.یافته‌ها: سالمندان با تحصیلات بالا (444/0 = r و 001/0 > P)، متأهل (572/0 = r و 001/0 > P)، درآمد بالا (481/0 = r و 001/0 > P) و سلامت اجتماعی بالا (582/0 = r و 001/0 > P)، کمتر احساس تنهایی می‌کردند. به لحاظ جنسیت، سالمندان زن بیشتر احساس تنهایی می‌کردند (194/0- = r و 006/0 = P). از طرفی، مشخص شد که احساس تنهایی ارتباط مستقیمی با زیر مقیاس‌های سلامت اجتماعی نظیر شکوفایی، انسجام، پذیرش و مشارکت داشت.نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به بروز بالای احساس تنهایی در سالمندان، شناسایی و غربالگری عوامل خطر افزایش احساس تنهایی در این مطالعه، از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار می‌باشد؛ چرا که از این طریق، می‌توان با افزایش سلامت اجتماعی، سبب کاهش احساس تنهایی سالمندان شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Social and Emotional Loneliness among the Elderly, and its Association with Social Factors Affecting Health in Isfahan City, Iran, in Years 2017-2018

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Motamedi 1
  • Seyedeh Mehrnoosh Shafiei-Darabi 2
  • Zahra Amini 1
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Student of Medicine, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Many elderly people describe elderly as loneliness; so identification of factors influencing this thought is necessary to prevent this feeling. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of social and emotional loneliness among the elderly, and its relation with some social factors affecting health in Isfahan City, Iran, in years 2017-2018.Methods: This study was carried out on 200 elderly individuals. After obtaining consent from individuals and recording demographic data, Keyes social well-being was used to determine the level of social health, and the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) questionnaire to determine the frequency of social and emotionally loneliness. Chi-square, Student t, and Pearson correlation tests were used to compare the data.Findings: High education (r = 0.444, P < 0.001), married (r = 0.772, P < 0.001), high income (r = 0.481, P < 0.001), and high social health (r = 0.582, P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with less sense of loneliness. Elderly women were more lonely (r = -0.194, P = 0.006) and, on the other hand, loneliness was directly linked to social health subscales including flourishing, coherence, acceptance, and participation.Conclusion: Regarding the high incidence of loneliness among the elderly, identification and screening of known risk factors is very important; as by increasing social health, the elderly loneliness will decrease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Loneliness
  • Public health
  • Elderly
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