اثر مدت زمان متفاوت استرس بر تغییرات حافظه‌ی فضایی و شناختی در موش‌های صحرایی نر

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استاد، گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: استرس به عنوان یک عامل خطرناک در پیشبرد اختلالات روان‌شناختی و حافظه قلمداد می‌شود. قرار گرفتن در معرض استرس اثرات متفاوتی بر حافظه دارد. به عبارتی، استرس قادر است باعث افزایش و کاهش حافظه گردد و یا حتی هیچ تأثیری بر آن نداشته باشد. مطالعه‌ی حاضر اثر زمان‌بندی‌های متفاوت استرس را بر روی تغییرات حافظه‌ی فضایی و شناختی مورد بررسی قرار می‌دهد.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه، از 28 موش صحرایی نر(7 = n) نژاد ویستار استفاده گردید. گروه‌های مورد مطالعه عبارت از گروه‌های شاهد، استرس حاد، میان‌مدت و مزمن بودند. جهت القای استرس، از استرس بی‌حرکتی استفاده شد. عملکرد حافظه‌ی فضایی و شناختی به ترتیب با استفاده از آزمون‌های رفتاری شناسایی اجسام جابه‌جا شده (OLT یا Object location test) و شناخت اجسام جدید (NOR یا Novel object recognition) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در پایان، سطح کورتیکوسترون سرم با روش ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) اندازه‌گیری شد.یافته‌ها: مدت زمان شناسایی جسم در طول مرحله‌ی آزمون NOR در گروه‌های استرس میان‌مدت و مزمن، به ترتیب به طور معنی‌داری (001/0 > P و 050/0 > P) پایین‌تر از گروه شاهد بود. اما مقایسه‌های مشابه برای مدت زمان شناسایی جسم در آزمون OLT، کاهش غیر معنی‌داری را در تمامی گروه‌های استرس در مقایسه با گروه شاهد نشان دادند. سطح کورتیکوسترون به طور معنی‌داری (010/0 > P و 050/0 > P) در گروه‌های استرس میان‌مدت و مزمن در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش یافت.نتیجه‌گیری: استرس مزمن و به خصوص استرس میان‌مدت حافظه‌ی شناختی را دچار نقص کردند. در حالی که استرس حاد، میان‌مدت و مزمن باعث بروز اختلال قابل توجهی در حافظه‌ی فضایی نشدند. بنابراین، زمان‌بندی متفاوت استرس بر بروز اختلالات حافظه‌ی شناختی مؤثر می‌باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Different Durations of Stress on Spatial and Cognitive Memory in Male Rats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Ranjbar 1
  • Maryam Radahmadi 2
  • Hojjatallah Alaei 3
  • Parham Reisi 4
1 MSc Student, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine AND Student research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Recent data have implicated stress as a risk factor in the development of neuropsychological disorders that impairs memory. Stress has different complex effects on memory. In other words, stress can increase or decrease the memory or has no effect on it. This study investigated different timing effects of stress on cognitive and spatial memory.Methods: In this study, 28 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 7, control, acute stress, middle stress, and chronic stress. Restraint stress was used to induce stress. In addition, memory function was evaluated via the novel object recognition (NOR) and object location (OLT) tests for estimating cognitive and spatial memory. At the end of the study, serum corticosterone levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).Findings: In middle and chronic stress groups, the object exploration times during the NOR test session were significantly lower than control group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). There were no significant decreases in the time of object exploration during the test session of OLT task in all stressed groups compared to the control group. Corticosterone levels were significantly increased in middle and chronic stress groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively).Conclusion: Data correspond that chronic and especially middle stress impaired cognitive memory. Therefore, middle stress was the most deleterious stress model. On the other hand, acute, middle and chronic stress did not impair spatial memory in the OLT task. Therefore, different duration of stress was one of the most important factors in causing cognitive memory impairment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stress
  • Cognitive memory
  • Spatial memory
  • Corticosterone
  • Rat

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 32، شماره 309 - شماره پیاپی 309
آذر و دی 1393
صفحه 1933-1943

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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