فراوانی آنزیم بتالاکتاماز در باکتری‌های پاتوژن جداسازی شده از محیط‌های زیستی و غیر زیستی بیمارستان

نوع مقاله : Original Article(s)

نویسنده

ممدرس میکروب‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرضا، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و استعدادهای درخشان ایران، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سطوح بیمارستان و دست پرسنل بیمارستان منابع بالقوه‌ی حفظ و نگهداری باکتری‌های بیماری‌زا و مهم‌ترین عامل انتقال و انتشار باکتری‌ها در بیمارستان محسوب می‌گردند و کاهش باکتری‌ها در سطوح بیمارستان و دست پرسنل، منجر به اختلال در زنجیره‌ی عفونت و کنترل عفونت‌های بیمارستانی می‌گردد. آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های خانواده‌ی بتالاکتام از اهمیت ویژه‌ای در درمان بیماری‌ها برخوردار می‌باشند و شیوع بتالاکتاماز در باکتری‌های بیماری‌زا منجر به اختلال در روند درمان می‌گردند. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی فراوانی آنزیم بتالاکتاماز در باکتری‌های پاتوژن جداسازی شده از دست پرسنل و سطوح بیمارستانی بود.روش‌ها: روش این مطالعه آزمایشگاهی بود و در سال‌های 1384 تا 1386 در بیمارستان الزهرا (س) در اصفهان انجام شد. در این مطالعه 274 نمونه به طور تصادفی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نمونه‌های محیطی با استفاده از سوآب و محیط NB (Nutrient Broth) از سطوح کم تماس و پر تماس و نمونه‌های دست پرسنل با روش Finger Print جمع‌آوری گردید. شناسایی باکتری‌ها بر اساس روش‌های میکروبیولوژیک و بررسی تولید بتالاکتاماز با روش اسیدومتریک انجام گردیدیافته‌ها: از 194 باکتری جداسازی شده از سطوح بیمارستان گونه‌های استافیلوکوکوس 55 درصد، گونه‌های باسیلوس 29/26 درصد، اعضای خانواده‌ی انتروباکتریاسه 80/9 درصد، گونه‌های سودوموناس 9/3 درصد، سایر باسیل‌های گرم منفی 51/4 درصد، گونه‌های استرپتوکوکوس 5/0 درصد و از 80 باکتری جداسازی شده از دست پرسنل گونه‌های باسیلوس 60 درصد، گونه‌های استافیلوکوکوس 25/36 درصد و اعضای خانواده‌ی انتروباکتریاسه 75/3 درصد از باکتری‌ها را به خود اختصاص داده بودند. بر اساس نتایج تست اسیدومتریک به ترتیب 43/75 درصد و 23/71 درصد از باکتری جداسازی شده از سطوح و دست پرسنل بیمارستان، واجد آنزیم بتالاکتاماز بودند.نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج به دست آمده مؤید شیوع قابل ملاحظه‌ی آنزیم بتالاکتاماز در باکتری‌های جداسازی شده از دست پرسنل و سطوح بیمارستان بود. ارتقای کیفی دست‌شویه‌ها و مواد ضدعفونی کننده در کنترل جمعیت باکتری‌ها در بیمارستان نقش به سزایی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Frequency of Beta Lactamase Enzyme in Isolated Pathogen Bacteria from Hospital In-Vivo and In-Vitro Condition

نویسنده [English]

  • Shilla Jalalpoor
Lecturer of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, Membership of Young Researchers Club, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background: Hospital surfaces and Staff hands are most common sources to transmission and spread Bacteria from hospital. β-lactame antibiotics are very important agents to control nosocomial infections. The spread of β-lactamase bacteria can disrupt the treatment process. This study was done to evaluate the frequency of β-lactamase bacteria isolated from staff hands and hospital surfaces.Methods: This study was a laboratory study and was performed in the years 2005 to 2007 in Al-Zahra (SA) hospital in Isfahan. 274 samples were selected randomly from stuff hands and hospital surfaces. Hospital surface samples were collected with swab and NB (Nutrient Broth), from high and low contact surface and staff hand samples were collected with Finger Print method. Bacterial identification was performed with microbiological methods and β–lactamase production survey was performed with Acidometric method.Finding: Staphylococcus species were seen in 55% of 194 isolated Bacteria from hospital surface. Other bacteria that isolated from hospital surface were Bacillus species in 26.29%, Enterobacteriaceae in 9.80%, Pseudomonas species in 3.9%, other gram negative Bacteria in 4.51%, Streptococcus species in 0.5% of samples. 60% of 80 isolated Bacteria from staff hand were Bacillus species. Staphylococcus species in 36.25% and Enterobacteriaceae in 3.75% were seen in stuff hands samples. According to β–lactamase test result, respectively 75.43% and 71.23% of isolate Bacteria from hospital surfaces and staff hands, produced β-lactamaseConclusion: The results of this study have shown the high frequency of β–lactamase enzyme in isolated Bacteria from staff hands and hospital surfaces. Improving quality of hand washing and disinfectant agent are very important methods to control nosocomial infections.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hospital surfaces
  • Staff hands
  • Pathogen bacteria
  • β-Lactamase
  • Nosocomial Infection

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 29، شماره 131 - شماره پیاپی 131
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1390
صفحه 234-242

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 آبان 1389
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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