نقش آیریسین در اندام‌های مختلف بدن انسان با تأکید بر تأثیرات مفید در هموستاز گلوکز

نوع مقاله : Review Article

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیوشیمی بالینی، دانشکده‌ی داروسازی و علوم دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه بیوشیمی بالینی، دانشکده‌ی داروسازی و علوم دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه بیوشیمی بالینی، دانشکده‌ی داروسازی و علوم دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

حفظ سطح طبیعی گلوکز خون به عملکرد مناسب و هماهنگ چندین سیستم در بدن بستگی دارد. درک مکانیسم‌های متنوعی که به تنظیم سطح گلوکز خون می‌پردازند، پیامدهای بسزایی در حفظ سلامت انسان دارد. مقاومت به انسولین می‌تواند باعث تغییر در میزان ترشح سایتوکاین‌ها یا پپتیدهایی تحت عنوان مایوکاین شود که متعاقب برداشت گلوکز، از بافت ماهیچه‌ی اسکلتی ترشح می‌شوند. آیریسین مایوکاینی ترشح شده از ماهیچه‌ی اسکلتی می‌باشد که اخیراً کشف شده است. آیریسین، فرم ترشح شده‌ی پروتئین (Fibronectin type111 domain containing-protein5) FNDC5 با 112 آمینواسید می‌باشد. افزایش آیریسین در گردش خون، باعث بهبود مقاومت به انسولین، کنترل وزن بدن، سلامت قلب و عروق و مغز می‌گردد. میزان ترشح این مایوکاین عمدتاً از ماهیچه‌ی اسکلتی و به میزان کمتری از بافت چربی، به وسیله‌ی عوامل مختلفی تنظیم می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه‌ی مروری، بررسی مسیرهای مختلف هدایت سیگنالینگ آیریسین که منجر به تنظیم متابولیسم کربوهیدارت‌ها و لیپیدها در بافت‌های مختلف بدن از طریق آزمایش‌های درون‌تنی (in vivo) و برون‌تنی (in vitro)، در وضعیت مقاومت به انسولین و دیابت نوع 2 می‌باشد. یافته‌های حاصل از این مطالعه‌ی مروری نشان‌دهنده‌ی نقش مهم آیریسین در تنظیم مسیرهای متابولیسمی در بدن انسان می‌باشد. آیریسین، می‌تواند به عنوان یک هدف درمانی جدید، در درمان بیماری‌های متابولیک مانند مقاومت به انسولین و دیابت نوع 2 مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Irisin in Various Organs of the Human Body with Emphasis on the Beneficial Effects on Glucose Homeostasis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Yazdanimoghaddam 1
  • Mahmud Aghaei 2
  • Fouzieh Zadhoush 3
1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Maintaining a normal blood glucose level depends on the proper and coordinated functioning of several systems in the body. Understanding the various molecular mechanisms that regulate blood glucose levels has significant implications for maintaining human health. Insulin resistance can alter the secretion of cytokines or peptides called myokines, which are secreted from skeletal muscle tissue after glucose uptake. Irisin is a recently identified myokine secreted by skeletal muscle. Irisin is a secreted form of fibronectin type 111 domain containing-protein5 (FNDC5) with 112 amino acids and 12 kDa molecular weight. Increasing circulating irisin improves insulin resistance, weight control, cardiovascular and brain health. The secretion of this myokine is regulated by skeletal muscle and to a lesser extent by adipose tissue by various factors. The aim of this review study was to investigate the different pathways of irisin signal transduction pathways that lead to the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in different tissues of the body in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes through in vivo and in vitro experiments. The findings of this review study indicate the important role of irisin in regulating metabolic pathways in the human body. Irisin could be considered as a new therapeutic target in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irisin
  • FNDC5
  • Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
  • Glycemic control
  • Insulin resistance

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 40، شماره 660
هفته 4 فروردین ماه
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 84-94

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 اردیبهشت 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 اردیبهشت 1401

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