ارتباط سرسختی روان‌شناختی با Alexithymia و شدت علایم گوارشی در مبتلایان به اختلالات عملکردی گوارشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری، مرکز تحقیقات روان‌تنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: فرض بر این است که سرسختی به عنوان یک عامل سرشتی مثبت می‌تواند سلامت روان فرد را با وجود تجربه‌ی موقعیت‌های استرس‌زا افزایش دهد. هدف مطالعه‌ی حاضر، بررسی ارتباط سرسختی روان‌شناختی با Alexithymia و شدت علایم گوارشی در مبتلایان به اختلالات عملکردی گوارشی بود.روش‌ها: این مطالعه،‌ به روش همبستگی انجام شد. جامعه‌ی آماری، کلیه‌ی بیماران مبتلا به اختلالات عملکردی گوارشی ارجاع شده به کلینیک فوق تخصصی روان‌پزشکی در شهر اصفهان را شامل می‌شد. نمونه‌گیری به شیوه‌ی سرشماری انجام شد و 167 بیمار با توجه به معیارهای مطالعه و طی یک دوره‌ی زمانی معین انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات، از مقیاس‌های سرسختی روان‌شناختی (Lang and Goulet Hardiness Scale یا LGHS)، Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) و علایم گوارشی (Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale یا GSRS) استفاده گردید.یافته‌ها: تحلیل همبستگی Pearson نشان داد که بین سرسختی کل و مؤلفه‌های کنترل و تعهد با شدت علایم گوارشی و سرسختی کل و مؤلفه‌های کنترل و چالش با Alexithymia ارتباط منفی معنی‌داری وجود داشت. همچنین، Logistic regression نشان داد که تنها، عامل کنترل، به عنوان یک عامل محافظتی، هم برای علایم گوارشی و هم برای Alexithymia، بود.نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج، اجرای مداخلات روان‌شناختی که منجر به تقویت ویژگی سرسختی و مؤلفه‌های آن گردد، می‌تواند با تغییر در نظام روان‌شناختی بیماران، گامی اساسی در روند بهبود آن‌ها و کاهش عوامل خطرساز بیماری، از جمله Alexithymia برداشته، حتی از بروز بیماری در افراد جلوگیری کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship of Psychlogical Hardiness with Alexithymia and Severity of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

نویسنده [English]

  • Mina Mazaheri
PhD Student, Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: It is assumed that the hardiness, as a positive natural factor, can increase mental health in spite of the experience of stressful situations. The present study investigated the relationship of psychological hardiness with alexithymia and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study, the statistical population consisted of all patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders referred to the Subspecialty Center of Psychiatry in Isfahan, Iran. Sampling was done via census method, namely, 167 patients were selected according to the study criteria and during a certain period of time. To collect information, the scales of the psychological hardiness (Lang and Goulet Hardiness Scale or LGHS), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) were used.Findings: The Pearson correlation test showed that there were significant negative correlations between the hardiness total score and the components of control and commitment with severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, and the hardiness total score and the components of control and challenge. However, logistic regression analyses showed that only, the control factor was as a protective factor for both severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and alexithymia. Conclusion: The implementation of psychological interventions that lead to the reinforcement of the features of hardiness and its components can alter patients' psychological system. Thus, it takes an essential step in healing process and decreases the risk factors of disease, such as alexithymia, and even prevent illness incidence.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Psychological hardiness (control, commitment and challenge)
  • Severity of gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Alexithymia

مراجع

  1. Kobasa SC, Maddi SR, Puccetti MC, Zola MA. Effectiveness of hardiness, exercise and social support as resources against illness. J Psychosom Res 1985; 29(5): 525-33.
  2. Alizadeh Fard S. Relationship between alexithymia and peptic ulcer disease: Does aggression is a mediator variable between them? Health Psychology 2012; 1(4): 71-83. [In Persian].
  3. Kobasa SC, Maddi SR, Kahn S. Hardiness and health: a prospective study. J Pers Soc Psychol 1982; 42(1): 168-77.
  4. Gebhardt WA, van der Doef MP, Paul LB. The Revised Health Hardiness Inventory (RRHI-24): psychometric properties and relationship with self-reported health and health behavior in two Dutch samples. Health Educ Res 2001; 16(5): 579-92.
  5. Lindzey G, Thompson R, Spring BJ. Psychology. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Worth Publishers; 1988.
  6. van Servellen G, Topf M, Leake B. Personality hardiness, work-related stress, and health in hospital nurses. Hosp Top 1994; 72(2): 34-9.
  7. Rahimian Boogar E, Asgharnejad Farid A. The relationship between psychological hardiness also ego-resiliency and mental health in adolescent and adult survivors of Bam eearthquake. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol 2008; 14(1): 62-70. [In Persian].
  8. Banks JK, Gannon LR. The influence of hardiness on the relationship between stressors and psychosomatic symptomatology. Am J Community Psychol 1988; 16(1): 25-37.
  9. Maddi S, Harvey RH, Khoshaba DM, Fazel M, Resurreccion N. The personality construct of hardiness, IV. Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2009; 49(3): 292-305.
  10. Shirbim Z, Sodani M. A survey on, the relationship between the hardiness inventory and mental health and of nursing and midwife students in azad university of Gachsaran. Proceedings of the 1st Regional Conference on Family Health; 2008 Dec 16; Ahvaz, Iran. [In Persian].
  11. Engel JH, Siewerdt F, Jackson R, Akobundu U, Wait C, Sahyoun N. Hardiness, depression, and emotional well-being and their association with appetite in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011; 59(3): 482-7.
  12. Subramanian S, Nithyanandan DV. Hardiness and optimism as moderators of the types of cognitive emotion regulation strategies among adolescents who had encountered negative life events. J Indian Health Psychology 2008; 2: 167-77.
  13. Dua JK. Comparative predictive value of attributional style, negative affect, and positive affect in predicting self-reported physical health and psychological health. J Psychosom Res 1994; 38(7): 669-80.
  14. Bergdahl J, Armelius K, Armelius BA. Affect-based treatment and outcome for a group of psychosomatic patients. Cambridge, UK: University Publishing Online; 2000. p. 1-16.
  15. Gross JJ, Muñoz RF. Emotion regulation and mental health. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 1995; 2(2): 151-64.
  16. Aghayar S, Sharifi Daramadi P. Emotional intelligence. Tehran, Iran: Sepahan Publication; 2006. [In Persian].
  17. Bagby RM, Taylor GJ, Ryan D. Toronto alexithymia scale: relationship with personality and psychopathology measures. Psychother Psychosom 1986; 45(4): 207-15.
  18. Motan I, Gencoz T. The relationship between the dimensions of alexithymia and the intensity of depression and anxiety. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2007; 18(4): 333-43.
  19. Porcelli P, Taylor GJ, Bagby RM, de Carne M. Alexithymia and functional gastrointestinal disorders. A comparison with inflammatory bowel disease. Psychother Psychosom 1999; 68(5): 263-9.
  20. Kessler H, Kammerer M, Hoffmann H, Traue HC. [Regulation of emotions and alexithymia: a correlative study]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2010; 60(5): 169-74.
  21. Trogolo M, Medrano LA. Personality traits, difficulties in emotion regulation and academic satisfaction in a sample of argentine college students. International Journal of Psychological Research 2012; 5(2): 30-9.
  22. Davies M, Stankov L, Roberts RD. Emotional intelligence: in search of an elusive construct. J Pers Soc Psychol 1998; 75(4): 989-1015.
  23. Terracciano A, Merritt M, Zonderman AB, Evans MK. Personality traits and sex differences in emotions recognition among African Americans and caucasians. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003; 1000: 309-12.
  24. Calkins SD. Origins and outcomes of individual differences in emotion regulation. In: Fox NA, Editor. The development of emotion regulation: biological and behavioral considerations. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; 1994. p. 53-72.
  25. Davodi I, Afshari A. The survey of relationship of alexithymia and personality traits in students. Research in Clinical Psychology and Counseling 2011; 1(2): 137-50. [In Persian].
  26. Lang A, Goulet C, Amsel R. Lang and Goulet Hardiness Scale: development and testing on bereaved parents following the death of their fetus/infant. Death Stud 2003; 27(10): 851-80.
  27. Roshan R, Shakeri R. The evaluation of reliability and validity a scale for measuring hardiness in students. Daneshvar Raftar 2010; 17(40): 35-52. [In Persian].
  28. Bagby RM, Parker JD, Taylor GJ. The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale--I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. J Psychosom Res 1994; 38(1): 23-32.
  29. Müller J, Alpers G, Reim N. Abnormal attentional bias in alexithymia. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 2004; 56(6): 617.
  30. Besharat MA. Psychometric characteristics of Persian version of the Toronto alexithymia scale-20 in clinical and non-clinical samples. Iran J Med Sci 2008; 33(1): 1-6.
  31. Revicki DA, Wood M, Wiklund I, Crawley J. Reliability and validity of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Qual Life Res 1998; 7(1): 75-83.
  32. Mazaheri M, SadatKhoshouei M. Comparison between psychometric characteristics of Persian version of the gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale in functional gastrointestinal disorders and normal groups. GOVARESH 2012; 17(1): 18-24. [In Persian].
  33. Kobasa SC. Stressful life events, personality, and health: an inquiry into hardiness. J Pers Soc Psychol 1979; 37(1): 1-11.
  34. Florian V, Mikulincer M, Taubman O. Does hardiness contribute to mental health during a stressful real-life situation? The roles of appraisal and coping. J Pers Soc Psychol 1995; 68(4): 687-95.
  35. Brooks MV. Health-related hardiness and chronic illness: a synthesis of current research. Nurs Forum 2003; 38(3): 11-20.
  36. Taylor MK, Pietrobon R, Taverniers J, Leon MR, Fern BJ. Relationships of hardiness to physical and mental health status in military men: a test of mediated effects. J Behav Med 2013; 36(1): 1-9.
  37. Nakano K. Hardiness, type A behavior, and physical symptoms in a Japanese sample. J Nerv Ment Dis 1990; 178(1): 52-6.
  38. Drossman D, Creed F, Olden K, Svedlund J, Toner B, Whitehead W. Psychosocial aspects of the functional gastrointestinal disorders. Gut 1999; 45(Suppl 2): 25-30.
  39. McCrae RR, Costa PT. Personality trait structure as a human universal. Am Psychol 1997; 52(5): 509-16.
مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 33، شماره 328 - شماره پیاپی 328
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1394
صفحه 378-388

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار