تأثیر 12 هفته تمرین تناوبی بر فشار خون و رگ‌گشایی ناشی از جریان در مردان میانسال مبتلا به پرفشاری خون

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه فیزولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه فیزولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه جراحی داخلی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی‌شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: رگ‌گشایی ناشی از جریان (Flow-mediated dilation یا FMD) در شرایط پرفشاری خون مختل می‌شود و به نظر می‌رسد تمرین ورزشی می‌تواند آن را بهبود بخشد. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف مقایسه‌ی FMD بین افراد سالم و مبتلا به پرفشاری خون و بررسی تأثیر 12 هفته تمرین هوازی تناوبی بر آن انجام شد.روش‌ها: در این پژوهش نیمه‌تجربی، 12 مرد میانسال سالم و 24 مرد میانسال مبتلا به پرفشاری خون با سن 80/2 ± 66/49 سال، قد 66/4 ± 16/174 سانتی‌متر و وزن 65/12 ± 08/81 کیلوگرم و انتخاب شدند. افراد بیمار در دو گروه 12 نفره‌ی شاهد با سن 53/2 ± 08/52 سال، قد 81/5 ± 75/173 سانتی‌متر و وزن 26/8 ± 08/80 کیلوگرم و تمرین تناوبی با سن 91/2 ± 50/50 سال، قد 69/4 ± 40/173 و وزن 60/13 ± 20/85 کیلوگرم قرار گرفتند. تمرین شامل 12 هفته دویدن تناوبی با شدت 50 و 80 درصد ضربان قلب ذخیره به مدت 2 و 1 دقیقه و سه جلسه در هفته روی تردمیل برای 12 دقیقه بود که تا 6 هفته هر هفته 3 دقیقه و پس از آن هر 2 هفته، 3 دقیقه به زمان آن اضافه شد؛ به گونه‌ای که زمان تمرین در 2 هفته‌ی آخر به 36 دقیقه رسید. فشار خون و FMD قبل و بعد از دوره‌ی تمرین اندازه‌گیری شد. طبیعی بودن توزیع داده‌ها با آزمون Shapiro-Wilk سنجیده شد.یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون Independent t نشان داد که FMD در بیماران از افراد سالم کمتر بود (469/4 = t و 001/0 > P). همچنین، آزمون‌های One-way ANOVA و Repeated measures ANOVA نشان داد که تمرین تناوبی باعث کاهش معنی‌دار فشار خون سیستول (059/7 = F و 015/0 = P) و افزایش FMD (63/13 = F و 001/0 = P) می‌شود.نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد رگ‌گشایی ناشی از جریان، در بیماران مبتلا به پرفشاری خون مختل می‌شود و این افراد برای کاهش فشار خون و بهبود عملکرد اندوتلیومی، می‌توانند تمرین هوازی تناوبی انجام دهند.واژگان کلیدی: فشار خون، جریان خون ناحیه‌ای، تمرین

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of 12-Weeks Interval Aerobic Training on Blood Pressure and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Middle-Aged Men with Hypertension

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maysam Shabaaninia 1
  • Fereshteh Shahidi 2
  • Hamid Rajabi 3
  • Iraj Nazari 4
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Physical Educattion and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Treaining University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Physical Educattion and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Treaining University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Physical Educattion and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in terms of blood pressure is impaired and it seems that exercise training can improve it. The present study intended to compare flow-mediated dilation in patients with hypertension and normotensive people and examine the effect of exercise on it.Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 12 normotensive and 24 hypertensive middle-aged men (age: 49.66 ± 2.80 years, height: 174.16 ± 4.66 cm, weight: 81.08 ± 12.65 kg) were selected using convenience sampling method. Patients were randomly divided to equal groups; 12 for control (age: 52.08 ± 2.53 years, height: 173.75 ± 5.81 cm, weight: 80.08 ± 8.26 kg) and 12 for interval aerobic training (age: 50.50 ± 2.91 years, height: 173.4 ± 4.69 cm, weight: 85.2 ± 13.6 kg). The training included 12 weeks of treadmill interval aerobic running with 50 and 80% heart rate reserve for 2 and 1 minute, respectively, three times a week for totally 12 minutes each session. Each week, 3 minutes to 6th week and then, every two weeks, 3 minutes added to the training time. So that, training in the last two weeks was 36 minutes. Blood pressure and flow-mediated dilation were taken before and after the training period. The distribution normality of data was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk test.Findings: Independent t-test showed that flow-mediated dilation was lower in patients than in normotensive subjects (t = 4.469, P < 0.001). The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that the training significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (F = 7.059, P = 0.015) and increased flow-mediated dilation (F = 13.63, P = 0.001).Conclusion: It seems that, flow-mediated dilation in patients with hypertension is impaired and these patients can do aerobic interval training to relieve pressure and improve endothelial function.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hypertension
  • Regional blood flow
  • Aerobic Exercise

مراجع

  1. Cooke JP, Dzau VJ. Nitric oxide synthase: role in the genesis of vascular disease. Annu Rev Med 1997; 48: 489-509.
  2. Moncada S, Higgs EA. The discovery of nitric oxide and its role in vascular biology. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 147(Suppl 1): S193-S201.
  3. Lambiase MJ, Dorn J, Thurston RC, Roemmich JN. Flow-mediated dilation and exercise blood pressure in healthy adolescents. J Sci Med Sport 2014; 17(4): 425-9.
  4. Hodgson JM, Woodman RJ, Croft KD, Ward NC, Bondonno CP, Puddey IB, et al. Relationships of vascular function with measures of ambulatory blood pressure variation. Atherosclerosis 2014; 233(1): 48-54.
  5. Shan Y, Lin J, Xu P, Zeng M, Lin H, Yan H. The combined effect of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus on aortic stiffness and endothelial dysfunction: an integrated study with high-resolution MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 32(3): 211-6.
  6. Ghiadoni L, Salvetti M, Muiesan ML, Taddei S. Evaluation of endothelial function by flow mediated dilation: methodological issues and clinical importance. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2015; 22(1): 17-22.
  7. Hashimoto M, Eto M, Akishita M, Kozaki K, Ako J, Iijima K, et al. Correlation between flow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery and intima-media thickness in the carotid artery in men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19(11): 2795-800.
  8. Juonala M, Viikari JS, Laitinen T, Marniemi J, Helenius H, Ronnemaa T, et al. Interrelations between brachial endothelial function and carotid intima-media thickness in young adults: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Circulation 2004; 110(18): 2918-23.
  9. Halcox JP, Donald AE, Ellins E, Witte DR, Shipley MJ, Brunner EJ, et al. Endothelial function predicts progression of carotid intima-media thickness. Circulation 2009; 119(7): 1005-12.
  10. Ercan E, Tengiz I, Ercan HE, Nalbantgil I. Left ventricular hypertrophy and endothelial functions in patients with essential hypertension. Coron Artery Dis 2003; 14(8): 541-4.
  11. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Monteduro C, Corbellini C, Guelfi D, Rizzoni D, et al. Flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery and left ventricular geometry in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2001; 19(3 Pt 2): 641-7.
  12. Ghiadoni L, Cupisti A, Huang Y, Mattei P, Cardinal H, Favilla S, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in chronic renal failure. J Nephrol 2004; 17(4): 512-9.
  13. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Paini A, Monteduro C, Galbassini G, Poisa P, et al. Prognostic role of flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2008; 26(8): 1612-8.
  14. Ruivo JA, Alcantara P. Hypertension and exercise. Rev Port Cardiol 2012; 31(2): 151-8. [In Portuguese].
  15. Kokkinos PF, Narayan P, Papademetriou V. Exercise as hypertension therapy. Cardiol Clin 2001; 19(3): 507-16.
  16. Hagberg JM, Park JJ, Brown MD. The role of exercise training in the treatment of hypertension: an update. Sports Med 2000; 30(3): 193-206.
  17. Yung LM, Laher I, Yao X, Chen ZY, Huang Y, Leung FP. Exercise, vascular wall and cardiovascular diseases: an update (part 2). Sports Med 2009; 39(1): 45-63.
  18. Zhang J, Ren CX, Qi YF, Lou LX, Chen L, Zhang LK, et al. Exercise training promotes expression of apelin and APJ of cardiovascular tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Life Sci 2006; 79(12): 1153-9.
  19. Nemoto K, Gen-no H, Masuki S, Okazaki K, Nose H. Effects of high-intensity interval walking training on physical fitness and blood pressure in middle-aged and older people. Mayo Clin Proc 2007; 82(7): 803-11.
  20. Farahati S, Atarzadeh Hosseini S R, Bijeh N, Mahjoob O. The effect of aerobic exercising on plasma nitric oxide level and vessel endothelium function in postmenopausal women. Razi J Med Sci 2014; 20(115): 78-88. [In Persian].
  21. Tartibiyan B, Baghaiee B, Monfaredan A, Mosafery E. Expression of adrenergic receptor beta-2 and FMD level in untrained middle-aged men: effect of eight week regular exercise training. J Urmia Univ Med Sci 2013; 23 (7): 807-17. [In Persian].
  22. Januszek R, Mika P, Konik A, Petriczek T, Nowobilski R, Nizankowski R. Effect of treadmill training on endothelial function and walking abilities in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Cardiol 2014; 64(2): 145-51.
  23. Mohazzab M, Daryanoosh F, Babaee Beygi M, Rasekhi A, Koushki Jahromi M, Haji Tehran N. The effect of 4-week isometric handgrip exercise on changes of flow mediated dilation and blood pressure in females suffering from hypertension. J Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci 2015; 23(7): 631-9. [In Persian].
  24. Ghardashi Afousi A, Gaeini A, Gholami Borujeni B. The effect of aerobic interval training on endothelial vasculature function in type 2 diabetes patient. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing 2016; 2(3): 27-39.
  25. Guimaraes GV, Ciolac EG, Carvalho VO, D'Avila VM, Bortolotto LA, Bocchi EA. Effects of continuous vs. interval exercise training on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in treated hypertension. Hypertens Res 2010; 33(6): 627-32.
  26. Pickering TG, White WB. When and how to use self (home) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Am Soc Hypertens 2008; 2(3): 119-24.
  27. Gunjal S, Shinde N, Kazi A, Khatri S. Effect of aerobic interval training on blood pressure and myocardial function in hypertensive patients. Int J Pharm Sci Invent 2013; 2 (6): 27-31.
  28. Masaki N, Hakuno D, Toya T, Shiraishi Y, Kujiraoka T, Namba T, et al. Association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and the ratio of l-arginine to asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients undergoing coronary angiography. J Cardiol 2015; 65(4): 311-7.
  29. Ciolac EG. High-intensity interval training and hypertension: maximizing the benefits of exercise? Am J Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 2(2): 102-10.
  30. Cai H, Harrison DG. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: the role of oxidant stress. Circ Res 2000; 87(10): 840-4.
مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 35، شماره 425 - شماره پیاپی 425
خرداد و تیر 1396
صفحه 368-375

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار