Artifacts Similar to Fungal Elements in Medical Mycology Laboratories

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Medical Laboratory Technician, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

4 Medical Laboratory Technician, Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

5 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

This review article aimed to introduce the artifacts and precisely assessment of fungal elements in medical mycology laboratories that helps physicians for an appropriate therapy of fungal infections. Artifacts including mosaic fungus, oil drops, red and white blood cells, bacteria, and parasites are common causes of false positive reports. Accurate detection of these artifacts by laboratory personnel is a significant factor for decreasing false positive results that lead to a good management of fungal diseases. Studies like this can also helpful for epidemiology surveys that follow the prevalence of fungal infections.

Keywords

References

  1. Brandt ME, Lockhart S, Warnock DW. Laboratory aspects of medical mycology. In: Kauffman CA, Pappas PG, Sobel JD, Dismukes WE, editors. Essentials of clinical mycology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2011. p. 6.
  2. Yadav S, Saxena AK, Capoor MR, Ramesh V. Comparison of direct microscopic methods using potassium hydroxide, periodic acid Schiff, and calcofluor white with culture in the diagnosis of onychomycosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2013; 79(2): 242-3.
  3. Weinberg JM, Koestenblatt EK, Tutrone WD, Tishler HR, Najarian L. Comparison of diagnostic methods in the evaluation of onychomycosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003; 49(2): 193-7.
  4. Panasiti V, Borroni RG, Devirgiliis V, Rossi M, Fabbrizio L, Masciangelo R, et al. Comparison of diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of dermatomycoses and onychomycoses. Mycoses 2006; 49(1): 26-9.
  5. Haghani I, Fathi M, Abedian S, Shokouhi T, Yazdani J. Comparison of diagnostic methods in the evalution of onychomycosis. Cell J Yakhteh 2011; 12(Suppl 1): 29-30.
  6. Lawry MA, Haneke E, Strobeck K, Martin S, Zimmer B, Romano PS. Methods for diagnosing onychomycosis: a comparative study and review of the literature. Arch Dermatol 2000; 136(9): 1112-6.
  7. Baran R, Hay R, Haneke E, Tosti E. Onychomycosis: the current approach to diagnosis and therapy. 2nd ed. London, UK: Informa Healthcare; 2006. p. 23.
  8. Shenoy MM, Teerthanath S, Karnaker VK, Girisha BS, Krishna Prasad MS, Pinto J. Comparison of potassium hydroxide mount and mycological culture with histopathologic examination using periodic acid-Schiff staining of the nail clippings in the diagnosis of onychomycosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008; 74(3): 226-9.
  9. Kurade SM, Amladi SA, Miskeen AK. Skin scraping and a potassium hydroxide mount. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2006; 72(3): 238-41.
  10. Rippon JW. Medical mycology: the pathogenic Fungi and the pathogenic Actinomycetes. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1988. p. 10.
  11. Truscott W. Impact of microscopic foreign debris on post-surgical complications. Surg Technol Int 2004; 12: 34-46.
  12. Evans EG, Richardson MD. Medical mycology: a practical approach. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 1989.
  13. Yazdanparast SA. Medical mycology: introduction to medical mycology superficial mycoses and saprophytic fungi. 1st ed. Tehran, Iran: Jahad Daneshgahi Publication; 2007. p. 65. [In Persian].
  14. Davidson AM, Gregory PH. The so-called mosaic fungus as an intercellular deposit of cholesterol crystals. Can Med Assoc J 1936; 34(3): 277-8.
  15. Getz K, Skillern SD, Ulrich JA. Studies on "mosaic fungus". J Invest Dermatol 1955; 25(1): 29-32.
  16. Sepahvand A, Soleiman NeJhad S, Kiani AA. Mosaic funguses are errors of usual and hidden in the laboratory medical mycology. In: Abstract book: the 2th Seminar on Medical Error Prevention. Khorramabad, Iran: Negarestan; 2007. p. 61. [In Persian].
  17. Pherson RA, Pincus MR. Henry's clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory methods. 22th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011. p. 447-8, 464-73, 1163, 1173.
  18. Hashemi-Rad M. Urinalysis in nephrology. Tehran, Iran: Tehran University Publication; 1993. P. 238-40. [In Persian].
  19. Verweij PE, van der Lee HAL, Rijs AJMM. The role of conventional diagnostic tools. In: Maertens JA, Marr KA, editors. Diagnosis of fungal infections. 1st ed. London, UK: Informa Healthcare; 2007. p. 23.
  20. Viviani MA, Tortorano AM. Cryptococcus. In: Anaissie EJ, Mc Ginnis MR, Pfaller MA. Clinical Mycology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2009. p.240.
  21. Janoff K, Wayne R, Huntwork B, Kelley H, Alberty R. Foreign body reactions secondary to cellulose lint fibers. Am J Surg 1984; 147(5): 598-600.
  22. Qahri M, Mobasherizadeh S. A color atlas of clinical laboratory. 1st ed. Amol, Iran: Tankit; 2010. p. 12. [In Persian].
  23. Fisher F, Cook NB. Fundamentals of diagnostic mycology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1998. p. 200.
  24. Walker GM. Yeast physiology and biotechnology. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons; 1998.
  25. Larsen HS, Mahon CR. Laboratory identification of significant isolates, staphylococci. In: Mahon CR, Manuselis G, editors. Text book of diagnostic microbiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2000. p. 336-7.
  26. Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Meitzner TA. Jawetz, Melnick, and Adelberg's medical microbiology. 26th ed. New York, NY: Mc Graw Hill; 2013. p. 23-4.
  27. Forbes BA, Sahm DF, Weissfeld AS. Bailey and Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. p. 256-7.
  28. Carlile MJ, Watkinson SC, Gooday GW. The fungi. 2nd ed. London, UK: Academic Press; 2001. p. 99-100.
  29. Kern ME, Blevins KS. Medical mycology a self- instructional text. 2nd ed. Philadelphia , PA: F.A. Davis Company; 1997.
  30. Winn W, Allen S, Janda W, Koneman E, Procop G, Schreckenberger P, et al. Koneman's color atlas and textbook of diagnostic microbiology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams of Wilkins; 2006. p. 1201, 1299, 1309, 1311, 1272.
  31. Barnett JA, Payne RW, Yarrow D. Yeasts: characteristics and identification. 3rd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2000. p: 676-7.
  32. Garcia LS. Laboratory identification of the microsporidia. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40(6): 1892-901.
  33. Gourguechon S, Holt LJ, Cande WZ. The Giardia cell cycle progresses independently of the anaphase-promoting complex. J Cell Sci 2013; 126(Pt 10): 2246-55.
  34. de Hoog GS, Cuarro GJ, Figueras MJ. Atlas of clinical fungi. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 2001. P. 248, 257, 266-69, 277, 289, 325, 335, 438, 1013.
  35. Pierard GE, Quatresooz P, Arrese JE. Spotlight on nail histomycology. Dermatol Clin 2006; 24(3): 371-4.
  36. Stratton ChW, Laposata M. Clinical microbiology: quality in laboratory diagnosis. New York, NY: Demos Medical Publishing; 2011. p. 70-1.
  37. Sobonya RE. Fungal diseases, including. pneumocystis. In: Churg AM, Myers JL, Tazelaar HD, Wright JL, editors. Thurlbeck's pathology of lung. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Thieme; 2005. p. 305-8.
  38. Sellon DC, Long MT. Equine infectious diseases. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2014. p. 396-7.
  39. Alkhayat H, AL-Sulaili N, O'Brien E, McCuaig C, Watters K. The pas stain for routine diagnosis of onychomycosis. Bahrain Med Bull 2009; 31(2): 1-8.
  40. Weinberg JM, Koestenblatt EK, Jennings MB. Utility of histopathologic analysis in the evaluation of onychomycosis. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2005; 95(3): 258-63.
  41. Wulff S. Staning methods: microoganisms. In: Wulff S, Hafer L, Cheles M, Couture R, Holliday JM, Smith S et al. Guide to special stains. Carpinteria, CA: Dako Cytomation; 2004. p. 64-9.
  42. Chandler FW, Watts JC. Pathologic diagnosis of fungal infections. Chicago, IL: Amer Society of Clinical; 1987.
  43. Hashemi SJ, Nasrollahi A, Bayat M. Illustrated histopathology of fungal disease and actinomycosis. 1st ed. Tonekabon, Iran: Tonekabon Islamic Azad University Publication; 2008. p. 56, 64. [In Persian].
  44. Guarner J, Brandt ME. Histopathologic diagnosis of fungal infections in the 21st century. Clin Microbiol Rev 2011; 24(2): 247-80.
  45. Smith MB, McGinnis MR. Diagnostic histopathology. In: Hospenthal DR, Rinaldi MG, editors. Diagnosis and treatment of human mycoses. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press Inc; 2008. p. 44.
  46. Powers CN. Diagnosis of infectious diseases: a cytopathologist's perspective. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998; 11(2): 341-65.
  47. Almarzooqi S, Leber A, Kahwash S. Artifacts and organism mimickers in pathology: case examples and review of literature. Adv Anat Pathol 2010; 17(4): 277-81.
  48. Haensch R, Seeliger H. Problems of differential diagnosis of blastomyces and Russell bodies. Arch Dermatol Res 1981; 270(4): 381-5.
  49. Patterson JW. An extracellular body of plasma cell origin in inflammatory infiltrates within the dermis. Am J Dermatopathol 1986; 8(2): 117-23.
  50. Sangoi AR, Rogers WM, Longacre TA, Montoya JG, Baron EJ, Banaei N. Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. Am J Clin Pathol 2009; 131(3): 364-75.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 285 - Serial Number 285
March and April 2014
Pages 690-701

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 April 2014
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics