تأثیر یک دوره‌ی حرکت درمانی منتخب بر تعادل و الگوی راه رفتن در بیماران پارکینسونی

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران

3 مربی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نراق، نراق، ایران

4 مربی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشکده‌ی ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ولایت، ایران‌شهر، ایران

5 کارشناس ارشد، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایران‌شهر، ایران‌شهر، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: پارکینسون یک اختلال مخرب عقده‌های قاعده‌ای مغز و یک عارضه‌‌ی مزمن و پیشرونده است که بیشتر در گروه سنی سالمندان دیده می‌شود. درمان فیزیکی یکی از روش‌های کمک به بهبودی این بیماران است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر 10 هفته حرکت درمانی منتخب (با تأکید بر تمرینات کششی و نرمشی) بر تعادل و الگوی راه رفتن در بیماران پارکینسون بود.روش‌ها: بدین منظور 24 بیمار پارکینسونی به طور داوطلبانه در این پژوهش شرکت کردند و به طور تصادفی به دو گروه شاهد (12 نفر) و گروه تجربی (12 نفر) تقسیم شدند. هر گروه شامل شش مرد و شش زن با شدت بیماری متوسط بودند. هر دو گروه در مدت تحقیق از داروهای یکسانی استفاده می‌کردند. گروه تجربی یک دوره‌ی حرکت درمانی با تأکید بر تمرینات کششی و نرمشی را به مدت 10 هفته، هر هفته 4 جلسه و هر جلسه 1 ساعت انجام دادند. در حالی که گروه شاهد هیچ گونه فعالیت تمرینی را انجام ندادند. تعادل و راه رفتن، پیش و پس از دوره‌ی حرکت درمانی ‌اندازه گیری و مقایسه شد. برای ارزیابی تعادل و راه رفتن، به ترتیب از Berg balance scale، Tinetti balance scale و Gait and balance scale استفاده شد.یافته‌ها: بین نمرات راه رفتن و تعادل گروه تجربی پس از انجام مداخله بهبود معنی‌داری داشت (001/0 > P). میانگین نمره‌ی راه رفتن در گروه شاهد تغییر معنی‌داری نداشت (820/0 = P). به علاوه نمره‌ی تعادل گروه شاهد، در پس‌آزمون کاهش معنی‌داری داشت (008/0 > P).نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر به نظر می‌رسد تمرینات کششی و نرمشی در درمان بیماران پارکینسون مؤثر بوده و مکمل درمان دارویی است. به عبارتی دیگر، اثر متقابل دارو درمانی و تمرینات مذکور می‌تواند به عنوان یک رژیم درمانی برای این گروه از بیماران به کار گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of a Physical Therapy Program Based on Balance and Gait in Patients with Parkinson

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamidreza Taheri 1
  • Akbar Pejhan 2
  • Javad Taherzadeh 3
  • Mohammad Seyedahmadi 4
  • Fahimeh Keavanloo 5
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Instructor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Naragh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naragh, Iran
4 Instructor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Literature and Humanities, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran
5 Department of Physical Education, Iranshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iranshahr, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Parkinson is a degenerative disorder in basal ganglia in brain. This disease is an increasing and chronic one, and mostly affects the old people. Physical therapy is one of the ways to help these people to improve their health. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a physical therapy program that was designed based on balance and gait in patients with Parkinson.Methods: 24 patients with parkinson disease were participated voluntarily in this study. Subjects were randomized to the experimental (n = 12) or control group (n = 12). The intensity of disease in studied patients was moderate. Both groups used medicines with the same doses. Experiment group had passed a physical therapy program (10 weeks and 4 sessions in each week. Each session prolonged 1 hour) with emphasis on the tensional and supple exercises, while the control group did not passed any exercise program during this time. To assess the balance and gait, we used the berg balance scale (BBS), tinetii balance scale (tbs) and gait and balance scale (GABS). The balance and gait degrees were measured before and after the physical therapy period and the raw data were analyzed by student t-test and paired t-test.Findings: The gait and balance scores in experimental group improved significantly after the intervention (P < 0.000). The score of balance was decreased significantly in control group in the end of the study (P < 0.008). The score of gait had no significant change in control group (P = 0.820).Conclusion: Our findings showed that the stretching and sapling exercises have significant effect on the balance and gait in Parkinson disease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Parkinson disease
  • physical therapy
  • Postural balance
  • Gait
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