ارزیابی توزیع دریافت معمول مواد مغذی و تخمین شیوع کمبود و اضافه‌ی دریافت آن‌ها در جمعیت عمومی بالای ۴۰ سال نواحی مرکزی ایران: کاربرد روش NCI

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت و کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات امنیت غذایی و گروه تغذیه‌ی جامعه، دانشکده‌ی تغذیه و علوم غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، پژوهشکده‌ی قلب و عروق اصفهان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی پزوهش، مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، پژوهشکده‌ی قلب و عروق اصفهان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سلامتی افراد تحت تأثیر مواد مغذی دریافت‌شده در یک روز خاص، قرار نمی‌گیرد؛ بلکه تحت نفوذ عادات غذایی در طول یک دوره‌ی طولانی مدت می‌باشد. در روش‌هایی که به ‌طور رایج استفاده می‌شوند، دریافت‌های معمول مؤلفه‌های غذایی، توأم با سوگیری برآورد می‌شوند. با توجه به اوج‌گیری ظهور بیماری‌های مزمن در دوران میان‌سالی و سالمندی و نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ی تغذیه در ایجاد و درمان این بیماری‌ها، مطالعه‌ی حاضر با هدف ارزیابی توزیع دریافت معمول مواد مغذی منتخب در جمعیت عمومی بالای ۴۰ سال نواحی مرکزی ایران با استفاده از یک روش آماری توانمند به نام NCI (National Cancer Institute) انجام گرفت.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی مقطعی، با استفاده از اطلاعات مطالعه‌ی هم‌گروهی اصفهان در سال ۱۳۸۶ تعداد ۱۹۲۲ نفر از افراد بالای ۴۰ سال مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. دریافت‌های غذایی افراد با استفاده از یک پرسشنامه‌ی یادآمد خوراک ۲۴ ساعته و دو ثبت غذایی، جمع‌آوری گردید. توزیع دریافت معمول مواد مغذی از طریق روش NCI برآورد شد. نسبت افرادی که در معرض خطر کمبود یا اضافه‌ی دریافت مواد مغذی قرار داشتند، از مقایسه‌ی مقادیر برآوردشده با استانداردهای توصیه‌شده، برای زنان و مردان به تفکیک برآورد گردید.یافته‌ها: شیوع عدم کفایت ویتامین A برای مردان (7/96-3/58 درصد) در گروه‌های مختلف سنی اساسی‌تر از زنان (2/57-۲۳/۳ درصد) بود. دریافت‌های معمول کلسیم و فیبر غذایی‌ برای درصد پایینی از افراد بررسی‌شده، بالاتر از استاندارد توصیه‌شده بود (حداکثر ۷ و ۲۸ درصد به ترتیب برای فیبرغذایی و کلسیم). تفاوت رعایت میزان توصیه‌شده‌ی کلسترول برای افراد 70-40 ساله بین زنان و مردان معنی‌دار بود (0001/0 > P).نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های این مطالعه مؤید عدم کفایت دریافت ویتامین A، کلسیم و فیبر غذایی و تا حدودی اضافه‌ی دریافت کلسترول در جامعه‌‌ی مورد بررسی بود. بنابراین مصرف گروه‌های مهم غذایی مانند لبنیات، سبزی و میوه که منابع عمده‌ی ریزمغذی‌ها می‌باشند باید در این جامعه افزایش یابد. همچنین باید برنامه‌های مناسب مداخله‌ای مانند غنی‌کردن مواد غذایی و آموزش جهت اصلاح الگوی رژیم غذایی برای این دو گروه جمعیتی طراحی و اجرا گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Distribution of Usual Intake of Nutrients and Estimating Prevalence of Intake Deficiency and Excess in a General over 40-Years of Age Population of Central Region of Iran: Application of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Heidari 1
  • Leila Azadbakht 2
  • Awat Feizi 3
  • Nizal Sarrafzadegan 4
  • Noushin Mohammadifard 5
1 MSc Student, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Food Security Research Center AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 PhD Student, Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The health of subjects is not affected by the nutrients ingested in a particular day; it actually is influenced by the dietary habits over a long time. In the most commonly used methods, usual food components intakes would be estimated along with bias. Considering the initiating and developing of many chronic diseases in the middle-age and elderly, majority of them affected by nutrition, the aim of current research was to evaluate the distribution of usual intake of selected nutrients using a powerful statistical method i.e. NCI (National Cancer Institute) method in a general above 40-years-old population of central region of Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, based on information obtained from the Isfahan Cohort Study in 2007, 1922 people aged 40 and over, were investigated. Subjects’s dietary intakes were assessed with a 24-hour recalls and two food records. Distribution of usual nutrient intake was estimated using NCI method. The proportion of subjects at risk of nutrient intake deficiency or excess was estimated by comparing the estimated values with recommended standards, for men and women, separately.Findings: The prevalence of vitamin A inadequacy for men in different age groups was more substantial than women (58.3-96.7 percent for men vs 23.3-57.2 percent for women). The usual calcium and dietary fiber intakes for a low percentage of studied subjects were more than recommended standards (Maximum of 7 and 28 percent for dietary fiber and calcium, respectively). There was a significant difference between men and women, at the age of 40-70 years, in terms of compliance of recommended cholesterol level (P < 0.0001).Conclusion: The results of current research showed that intake of vitamin A, calcium and dietary fiber was not adequate, and somewhat there was excess intake of cholesterol in the studied population. Thus consuming of dairies, vegetables and fruits, as the main sources of micronutrients, should be increased in this population. Interventional population-based programs such as enriching food and training in order to adjusting the pattern of diet should be designed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cholangiopancreatography
  • Endoscopic retrograde
  • Diverticulum
  • Meta-Analysis

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 31، شماره 242 - شماره پیاپی 242
مرداد و شهریور 1392
صفحه 954-972

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 بهمن 1391
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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