The Effect of High-Intensity Intermittent Training with Spirulina Powder on Changes in Gene Expression of Inflammation and Atrophy in the Soleus Muscle of Obese Elderly Diabetic Rats

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Sports Sciences, University of Hakim Sabzevari, Sabzevar AND Instructor, Department of Sport Sciences, School of Literature and Humanities, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Sports Sciences, University of Hakim Sabzevari, Sabzevar, Iran

Abstract

Background: Exercise is a suggested way to reduce inflammation and atrophy and control diabetes. Spirulina supplement also has anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina on changes in the expression of genes of inflammation and atrophy in the soleus muscle of obese elderly diabetic rats.Methods: In this experimental study, 40 old male Wistar rats (20-month-old) with an average weight of 280-325 g became obese after purchase for 8 weeks on a high-fat diet, and then became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (40 mg/kg). They were divided in 5 equal groups of HIIT, HIIT + supplement, supplement, sham and control. They did 5 sessions of activities on treadmill with an intensity of 90% VO2max per week for eight weeks to perform HIIT in training groups, and used spirulina consumption (50 mg/kg body weight) as supplementation on training days. Expression of genes were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyze the data.Findings: Induction of diabetes significantly increased the expression of TWEAK, Fn14, and atrogin-1 genes in study groups compared to controls; but exercise and supplementation significantly reduced these variables more in exercise and supplementation groups compared to other groups. After training, body mass in HIIT, supplement, and HIIT + supplement groups decreased significantly compared to sham and control groups; and soleus muscle mass increased significantly only in HIIT and HIIT + supplement groups compared to control group.Conclusion: According to the results of HIIT + supplementation, it is recommended as an effective method to reduce atrophy and improve muscle health in diabetic elderly.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 39, Issue 652 - Serial Number 652
November and December 2022
Pages 922-933

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 August 2021
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

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