بررسی اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری ذهن‌آگاهانه بر نشانه‌های بالینی و خودکارآمدی کودکان بیش‌فعال و کم‌توجه

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه روان‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی و مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال بیش‌فعالی- کمبود توجه (Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder یا ADHD) یکی از شایع‌ترین اختلالات روان‌پزشکی است که باعث آسیب در ابعاد مختلف از جمله تحصیلی، اجتماعی و خانوادگی می‌شود. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری ذهن آگاهانه بر نشانه‌های بالینی و خودکارآمدی کودکان بیش‌فعال و کم‌توجه بود.روش‌ها: این مطالعه، یک کارآزمایی بالینی با دو گروه شاهد و مورد در سه مرحله‌ی پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پی‌گیری دو ماهه بود. 60 کودک مبتلا به اختلال بیش‌فعالی- کمبود توجه که در نیمه‌ی دوم سال 1394 توسط روان‌پزشک اطفال در سطح شهر کاشان ارجاع شده بودند، به همراه مادرانشان انتخاب شدند. مادران، با استفاده از طرح بلوکی به طور تصادفی در دو گروه شاهد و مورد قرار گرفتند. کودکان این مادران در هر دو گروه با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌‌ی خودکارآمدی Morris (Roland-Morris disability questionnaire یا RMDQ) و پرسش‌نامه‌ی Swanson، Nolan و Pelham (Swanson, Nolan and Pelham-IV یا SNAP-IV) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. گروه مورد، 8 جلسه‌ی هفتگی آموزش فرزندپروری ذهن آگاهانه بر اساس شیوه‌نامه‌ی Kabat-Zinn دریافت کردند. داده‌های به دست آمده با استفاده از آزمون Repeated measures ANOVA مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: افزایش خودکارآمدی هیجانی و اجتماعی و بهبود معنی‌دار علایم اختلال بیش‌فعالی- کمبود توجه در گروه مورد در مقایسه با گروه شاهد در مراحل پس‌آزمون و پی‌گیری مشاهده شد (001/0 > P).نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش فرزندپروری ذهن آگاهانه بر افزایش خودکارآمدی هیجانی و اجتماعی و کاهش علایم بیش‌فعالی و کمبود توجه کودکان تأثیر معنی‌داری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Mindful Parenting Training on Clinical Symptoms and Self-Efficacy in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdiyeh Behbahani 1
  • Fatemeh Zargar 2
1 MSc Student, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine AND Behavioral Sciences Research Canter, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that cause damage in different aspects such as educational, social, and familial. The purpose of this study was evaluation the effectiveness of mindful parenting training on clinical symptoms and self-efficacy in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: This was a clinical trial study with two control and intervention groups in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow up. Sixty children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder referred by the child psychiatrists in Kashan city, Iran, during the second half of the year 2016 were selected along with their mothers. The mothers were assigned in two groups using permuted blocked randomization. Children of these mothers in both groups were evaluated in three steps using Morris self-efficacy questionnaire and Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP-IV) questionnaire. Intervention group received 8 weekly sessions of mindful parenting training based on Kabat-Zinn protocol. The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measurements analysis of variance.Findings: Significant increase of emotional and social self-efficacy and a meaningful improvement of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were seen in intervention group compared to the control group in post-test and follow up (P < 0.001 for all).Conclusion: Mindful parenting training has a significant effect on increasing emotional and social self-efficacy and reducing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Parenting
  • Mindfulness
  • Self-Efficacy
  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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