نیازهای آموزشی خودمراقبتی بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس: از دیدگاه کارشناسان و بیماران

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده‌ی علوم پزشکی نیشابور، نیشابور، ایران

2 کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده‌ی علوم پزشکی نیشابور، نیشابور، ایران

چکیده

مقاله پژوهشی




مقدمه: اجرای یک برنامه‌ی خودمراقبتی منسجم چند جانبه در بیماران مبتلا به بیماری مولتیپل اسکلروزیس (ام‌اس) بر اساس نیازهای آن‌ها، می‌تواند به ارتقاء سطح سلامت در این بیماران، کمک شایانی بنماید. مطالعه‌ی حاضر با هدف بررسی نیازهای آموزشی خودمراقبتی در بیماران مبتلا به ام‌اس بر اساس دیدگاه کارشناسان و بیماران انجام شد.
روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه‌ی تحلیلی- مقطعی است که در سال 1399 در شهرستان نیشابور انجام شد. تعداد 100 شرکت‌کننده که به روش نمونه‌گیری غیر احتمالی انتخاب شده بودند، در این مطالعه شرکت کردند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از دو پرسش‌نامه‌ی محقق ساخته‌ی 22 آیتمی در طیف لیکرت، گردآوری شد. اعتبار محتوای گویه‌ها بر اساس شاخص Waltz و Basel معادل (0/79 < CVI) و پایایی ابزار از طریق آزمون مجدد، با ضریب همبستگی 0/89 تأیید شد. پرسش‌نامه‌ها شامل دو بخش دموگرافیگ و بخش نیازهای آموزشی بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آمارهای توصیفی (فراوانی، درصد، میانگین و انحراف معیار) و استنباطی (Mann-Whitney و t-test)، انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: از نظر نوع و روش یادگیری، 52 نفر (86/7 درصد) از بیماران ترجیح می‌دادند مطالب آموزشی درباره‌ی خودمراقبتی را به صورت الکترونیک یاد بگیرند. از نظر کارشناسان، آموزش تمرینات بدنی مفید، بیشترین ضرورت را داشت، در حالی که از نقطه نظر بیماران، آموزش درمان‌های مکمل و طب سنتی دارای بیشترین ضرورت بود. مهم‌ترین نیاز آموزشی بیماران به نحوه‌ی فائق آمدن بر مشکلات جنسی بود در حالی که از نظر کارشناسان، آموزش نحوه‌ی برخورد با اختلالات روده‌ای و ادراری و مدیریت ضعف و خستگی ناشی از بیماری ضرورت بیشتری داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد حیطه و محتوای آموزش خودمراقبتی در بیماران مبتلا به ام‌اس، از نظر کارشناسان و بیماران متفاوت بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Educational Self-Care Needs of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: From the Perspective of Patients and Experts

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farin Tatari 1
  • Hassan Ebrahimpour-Sadagheyani 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
2 Student Research Committee, Department of Health Information Technology, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Implementing a coherent multidisciplinary self-care program in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) based on their needs can improve their health status. This study was conducted to investigate the self-care education needs in patients with MS from the perspective of experts and patients.
Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in Neishabour in 2020. A total of 100 participants who were selected by non-probability sampling method participated in this study. Data were collected from two 22-item Likert-based researcher-made questionnaires. The validity of the content of the items was confirmed based on the Waltz and Basel index (CVI > 0.79) and the reliability of the instrument was retested with a correlation coefficient of 0.89. The questionnaires included two sections: demographics and education needs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney and t-test).
Findings: With regards to the type and method of learning, 52 (86.7%) patients preferred to learn self-care educational materials electronically. According to experts, teaching effective physical exercises was most necessary, while from the patients' point of view, teaching complementary therapies and traditional medicine was most needed. The most important educational priority of patients was about how to overcome sexual problems, while according to experts, education on how to deal with intestinal and urinary disorders and management of weakness and fatigue caused by the disease had the highest priority.
Conclusion: The results showed the scope and content of self-care education in patients with M S differed from experts and patients point of view.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Needs assessment
  • Patient education
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Self-care

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 40، شماره 675
هفته 3 مردادماه
مرداد 1401
صفحه 421-428

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 مرداد 1401

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