چالش‌های آموزش سلامت باروری و جنسی به نوجوانان از دیدگاه والدین در ایران و جهان: مرور سیستماتیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بهداشت باروری، کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری و گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: نداشتن آگاهی کافی، فقدان نگرش و عملکرد مطلوب در زمینه‌ی مسایل بلوغ و بهداشت باروری، همچنان در بین نوجوانان وجود دارد. چالش موجود، عدم آگاهی والدین نسبت به نقش مهم خود در انتقال اطلاعات به نوجوانان است. مطالعه‌ی حاضر، با هدف بررسی مقالات منتشر شده در ارتباط با نیازهای آموزشی والدین در مورد سلامت باروری و جنسی نوجوانان در داخل و خارج از کشور انجام شد.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه، مقالات چاپ شده‌ی موجود در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Google Scholar، Pubmed، ScienceDirect، Scopus، Iranmedex، Irandoc، Scientific Information Database (SID) و Magiran جستجو شدند. جستجوی کامل با استفاده از کلید واژه‌های سلامت باروری، سلامت جنسی، نیاز آموزشی، والدین و نوجوانان برای مقالات فارسی و معادل آن‌ها برای مقالات انگلیسی انجام شد. پس از تکمیل جستجو و ارزیابی مقالات، تعداد 45 مطالعه که در سال‌های 2017-2010 در داخل و خارج از کشور انجام شده بود، وارد مطالعه شدند.یافته‌ها: یافته‌های 45 مطالعه‌ی مورد بررسی در 4 طبقه‌ی اصلی جمع‌بندی گردید: نیاز به دانش و نگرش صحیح والدین در مورد مسایل باروری و جنسی نوجوانان (14 مطالعه)، موانع ارتباطی والدین با نوجوانان (15 مطالعه)، محتوای مناسب آموزشی (10 مطالعه) و توانمندسازی والدین جهت آموزش مسایل باروری و جنسی به نوجوانان (12 مطالعه) و 6 مطالعه نیز در 4 طبقه مشترک بودند.نتیجه‌گیری: بحث درباره‌ی موضوعات بهداشت باروری در خانواده، باعث افزایش دانش نسبت به مسایل باروری و جنسی و شیوع پایین‌تر رفتارهای پرخطر جنسی در نوجوانان می‌شود. برای توانمند کردن والدین، طراحی و اجرای راه‌کارهای مداخله‌ای مناسب مورد نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Parents’ Perspectives on Challenges of Sexual and Reproductive Health Education to Adolescents in Iran and the World: A Systematic Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahrbanoo Salehin 1
  • Masoumeh Simbar 2
  • Zohreh Keshavarz 3
  • Maliheh Nasiri 4
1 PhD Candidate of Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center AND Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Nowadays, as a result of urbanization and change in lifestyle, teenagers' health is increasingly at risk. Adolescents do not have the correct knowledge, attitude, and performance in the field of reproductive health. The challenge is parents' lack of awareness of their important role in information transmission to adolescents. This study was conducted to evaluate the articles related to the educational needs of parents about sexual and reproductive health of adolescents inside and outside Iran.Methods: In this systematic review study, published articles in Google Scholar, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Iranmedex, Irandoc, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran were searched. Using keywords of reproductive health, sexual health, educational needs, parents, and adolescents for Persian and English articles. After evaluating the articles, 45 articles conducted inside and outside Iran from 2010 to 2017 were included in this study.Findings: The findings of 45 studies were categorized in four main domains of parents’ needs to proper knowledge and attitude about adolescents’ reproductive and sexual problems (14 studies), parent-adolescent communication barriers (15 studies), appropriate educational content (10 studies), and factors affecting parent empowerment in teaching reproductive and sexual problems to teenagers (12 studies); 6 studies were shared in all 4 domains.Conclusion: Discussion on the issues of reproductive health in the family increases the knowledge of reproductive and sexual issues, and reduces the high risk of sexual behavior in adolescents. To empower parents, designing and implementing appropriate interventions is required.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reproductive health
  • Sexual health
  • Education
  • Needs
  • Parents
  • Adolescents

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 36، شماره 508 - شماره پیاپی 508
بهمن و اسفند 1397
صفحه 1540-1553

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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