مقایسه‌ی خصوصیات اسکیزوتایپی بین زندانیان وابسته و غیر وابسته به مواد مخدر در زندان شهرستان زرین‌شهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، اصفهان، ایران

2 پژوهشگر، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلالات شخصیت ممکن است در گرایش افراد به اعتیاد تأثیرگذار باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه‌ی خصوصیات اسکیزوتایپی زندانیان وابسته و غیر وابسته به مواد مخدر در زندان شهرستان زرین‌شهر انجام گردید.روش‌ها: 145 نفر از زندانیان شهرستان زرین‌شهر، به شیوه‌ی سرشماری انتخاب شدند و به پرسش‌نامه‌ی تجارب و عواطف Oxford-Liverpool (فرم پنج عاملی) (Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences یا O-LIFE) متشکل از پنج خرده مقیاس «آشفتگی شناختی، ناپیروی تکانشی، تجارب ادراکی غیر عادی/ تفکر سحرآمیز، بی‌لذتی درون‌گرایانه و گرایش به انزوا» پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های t و Mann-Whitney U در نرم‌افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: بر اساس آزمون t، تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر خصوصیات اسکیزوتایپی، بین زندانیان وابسته و غیر وابسته به مواد مخدر وجود داشت (050/0 > P، 06/3 = t). همچنین، بین دو گروه اختلاف معنی‌داری در ابعاد آشفتگی شناختی، ناپیروی تکانشی، تجارب ادراکی غیر عادی/ تفکر سحرآمیز و گرایش به انزوا مشاهده گردید (050/0 > P)، اما تفاوت بین گروه‌ها در بعد بی‌لذتی درون‌گرایانه معنی‌دار نبود (050/0 < P). نتایج آزمون Mann-Whitney U نیز یافته‌های به دست آمده را تأیید کرد.نتیجه‌گیری: گرایش به اعتیاد، متأثر از یک عامل نیست و لازم است کارشناسان حوزه‌ی اعتیاد، عوامل محیطی، اجتماعی و روانی افراد وابسته به انواع مواد مخدر را به صورت هم‌زمان مورد بررسی قرار دهند تا در راستای بهبود آنان مؤثرتر عمل نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Schizotypal Personality Characteristics among Addicted and Non-addicted Prisoners in Zarrin Shahr Prison, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marjan Mirshamshiri 1
  • Mohammad Reza Kianmehr 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Education, Isfahan Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Researcher, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Personality disorders may affect people's tendency to addiction. The purpose of this study was to compare the schizotypal personality characteristics between addicted and non-addicted people in Zarrin Shahr prison, Iran.Methods: A total of 145 prisoners in Zarrin Shahr prison were selected using census method, and responded to the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) questionnaire. This questionnaire includes five factors of cognitive disorganization, impulsive nonconformity, unusual experiences/magical thinking, tendency to isolation, and introversive anhedonia. Data were analyzed using Student’s t and Man-Whitney U tests via SPSS software.Findings: Based on the Student’s t test, considering schizotypal personality characteristics, there was a significant difference between the prisoners with positive and negative addiction test results (t = 3.06; P < 0.05). There were also significant differences in the dimensions of cognitive disorganization, impulsive nonconformity, unusual experiences/magical thinking, and tendency to isolation (P < 0.050 for all), but in the introversive anhedonia dimension, there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The results of Man-Whitney U test confirmed the above findings.Conclusion: The tendency to addiction is not affected by one factor, and it is necessary that the experts of the field of addiction, consider environmental, social, and psychological factors of addiction simultaneously in order to act more effectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Schizotypal personality disorder
  • Personality assessment
  • Addiction
  • Prisons
  • Prisoners
  • Iran

مراجع

  1. Maltby J, Day L. Should never the twain meet? Integrating models of religious personality and religious mental health. Pers Individ Dif 2004; 36(6): 1275-90.
  2. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Kaplan and Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry. Trans. Rezaei F. Tehran, Iran: Arjmand Publications. 2008. [In Persian].
  3. Nezafat Takleh S, Nadrmohammadi M. The relationship between coping strategies and perceived stress with psychological well-being among children of drug- addicted parents. J curr Res Sci 2016; 5(2): 923-28. [In Persian].
  4. Abolghasemi A, Ahmadi M, Kiamarsi A. The relationship of metacognition and perfectionism with psychological consequences in the addicts. J Res Behave Sci 2007; 5(2): 73-9. [In Persian].
  5. Galanter M. Innovations: Alcohol and drug abuse: Spirituality in Alcoholics Anonymous: A valuable adjunct to psychiatric services. Psychiatr Serv 2006; 57(3): 307-9.
  6. Kurdmirza Nikozadeh E. Understanding addiction: Substance, brain, behavior. Tehran, Iran: Elmi-Farhangi Publications; 2009. [In Persian].
  7. Jahangard L, Haghighi M, Mahmoudi Akhzar K, Seifrabei MA, Ahmadpanah M. Evaluating Amphetamine and methamphetamine abuse frequency in hospitalized patients of the psychiatric ward of Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan city. Sci J Hamdan Univ Med Sci 2017; 24(1): 80-5. [In Persian].
  8. Bieling PJ, McCabe RE, Antony MM. Cognitive-behavioral therapy in groups. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2006. Khodayarifard M, Abedini, Y. Tehran University Publication 2009. (In Persian).
  9. Yaghoubi H, Mohammadzadeh A. Validation of the Oxford- Liverpool inventory of feelings and experiences (O-LIFE) questionnaire. Zahedan J Res Med Sci 2012; 14(9): 24-9.
  10. Mohammadzadeh A, Sohrabi F. The explanation of predisposition to hallucinations based on positive and negative schizotypy in nonclinical sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology Studies 2018; 8(31): 53-66. [In Persian].
  11. Keeley ML, Storch EA, Merlo LJ, Geffken GR. Clinical predictors of response to cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clin Psychol Rev 2008; 28(1): 118-30.
  12. Ziaaddini H, Kheradmand A, Vahabi M. Prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenic patients compared to other hospital admitted psychiatric patients. Addict Health 2009; 1(1): 38-42.
  13. Mohammadi Mosanan K, Farhadi MH, Farhoudian A, Fallahi Khoshknab M. The role of the brain's emotional system in addiction: The perspective of neurodevelopment. Proceedings of the 4th Iran Neuroscience Symposium; 2009 Nov 3-5; Tehran, Iran. [In Persian].
  14. Hosseini S, Zarghami M, Moosavi S, Nateghi G, Masoudzadeh A. Study on the simultaneity of the substance abuse with psychiatric disorder in referred outpatients to psychiatry clinic of Zare Hospital for period of one year. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2008; 18(67): 67-74. [In Persian].
  15. Mason O, Claridge G, Jackson M. New scales for the assessment of schizotypy. Pers Individ Dif 1995; 18(1): 7-13.
  16. Rawlings D, Claridge G, Freeman JL. Principal components analysis of the Schizotypal Personality Scale (STA) and the Borderline Personality Scale (STB). Pers Individ Dif 2001; 31(3): 409-19.
  17. Gastfriend DR. When a substance use disorder is the cause of treatment resistance. Pollack MH, Otto MW, Rosenbaum JF. Challenges in clinical practice: Pharmacologic and psychosocial strategies. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 1996.
  18. Pani PP, Trogu E, Contu P, Agus A, Gessa GL. Psychiatric severity and treatment response in a comprehensive methadone maintenance treatment program. Drug Alcohol Depend 1997; 48(2): 119-26.
  19. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 1990; 264(19): 2511-8.
  20. Miller NS. Addiction psychiatry: Current diagnosis and treatment. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss; 1995.
  21. Miller NS. The principles and practice of addictions in psychiatry. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1997.
  22. Erfani N, Poursina M. Comparison of the personality profiles of inmate anonymous and non-anonymous male addicts. Research on Addiction 2013; 7(25): 73-88. [In Persian].
  23. Abraham HD, Fava M. Order of onset of substance abuse and depression in a sample of depressed outpatients. Compr Psychiatry 1999; 40(1): 44-50.
  24. Broome KM, Flynn PM, Simpson DD. Psychiatric comorbidity measures as predictors of retention in drug abuse treatment programs. Health Serv Res 1999; 34(3): 791-806.
  25. Kessler RC, Nelson CB, McGonagle KA, Edlund MJ, Frank RG, Leaf PJ. The epidemiology of co-occurring addictive and mental disorders: implications for prevention and service utilization. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1996; 66(1): 17-31.
  26. Salimi H, Alipour G, Miri N, Kermanshahi F. Investigation of the correlation between sensory processing sensitivity and alexithymia with tendency to addiction in dormitory resident female students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2017; 11(1): 68-78. [In Persian].
  27. Akbari Booreng M, Mohtashaminia S, Salarifar MH. Determination of the tendency to addiction according to self-differentiation and alexithymia in university students. Police Med 2017; 6(2): 151-60. [In Persian].
  28. Danesh P, Maleki A, Niazi Z. Ground theory about the addictioncauses of the addicted women in jail of central prison of Isfahan. Journal of Studies of Socio-Cultural Development 2013; 1(4): 125-45. [In Persian].
  29. Linscott RJ, van Os J. An updated and conservative systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence on psychotic experiences in children and adults: On the pathway from proneness to persistence to dimensional expression across mental disorders. Psychol Med 2013; 43(6): 1133-49.
  30. David AS. Why we need more debate on whether psychotic symptoms lie on a continuum with normality. Psychol Med 2010; 40(12): 1935-42.
مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 37، شماره 521 - شماره پیاپی 521
خرداد و تیر 1398
صفحه 288-295

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار