چگونگی تهیه، بروزرسانی و بومی‌سازی راهنماهای طبابت (گایدلاین): یک بسته‌ی کاربردی جامع حاوی فرم‌ها و دستورالعمل‌های مرتبط

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه قلب و عروق، مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، پژوهشکده قلب و عروق، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد آموزش پزشکی و کارشناس ارشد مامایی، واحد تهیه و بروزرسانی گایدلاین‌ها، مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، پژوهشکده قلب و عروق، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دکترای آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، واحد تهیه و بروزرسانی گایدلاین‌ها، مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، پژوهشکده قلب و عروق، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان

چکیده

مقاله پژوهشی




مقدمه: هدف اصلی راهنماها، بهینه‌سازی مراقبت بیمار و بهبود مراقبت‌های بهداشتی است و چنانچه به طور صحیح و علمی تدوین شوند، منجر به ارتقای کیفیت و کمیت خدمات سلامت می‌شوند. طبق مطالعات، اکثر راهنماهای طبابت، استانداردهای لازم را ندارند، لذا این مطالعه به سفارش وزارت متبوع، با هدف تهیه‌ی بسته‌ی کاربردی برای طراحی راهنماهای طبابت انجام شد.
روش‌ها: این پژوهش از نوع طرح‌های توسعه‌ای بود. این مطالعه، سال 1399 و در چهار مرحله‌ی جستجوی منابع علمی، جمع‌آوری نظرات صاحبنظران به روش کیفی، تحلیل و دسته‌بندی اطلاعات، تدوین نهایی بسته‌ی طراحی راهنماهای طبابت، انجام گرفت. وضوح و کاربردی بودن اجزای بسته از طریق اخذ نظر متخصصین و محاسبه‌ی نسبت و شاخص روایی محتوی (Content validity ratio) CVR و (Content validity index) CVI به دست آمد.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه، تعداد 13 محصول دانشی از گردش کار فرایند درخواست طراحی تا فرم‌های ارائه‌ی گزارش پیشرفت طراحی راهنمای طبابت تهیه شد. الگوی اولیه‌ی پروپوزال (فرم پیشنهاد) نیز با استفاده از منابع علمی، در 13 بخش طراحی گردید. ضرورت (99 درصد = CVR)، وضوح و کاربردی بودن فرم‌ها و دستورالعمل‌های تهیه شده، تأیید شد. شاخص CVI کلی برابر 0/97 بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: بسته‌ی تهیه شده در این مطالعه، ساده، کاربردی، حاوی استانداردهای ضروری برای تهیه/ به روزرسانی/ بومی‌سازی راهنماهای طبابت و مطابق اقتضائات و ساختار سلامت موجود در کشور می‌باشد. لذا تهیه‌ی سازوکاری برای نهادینه کردن فرایند و محصولات دانشی تهیه شده در نظام آموزش و ساختار اجرایی خدمات، پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

How to Develop, Update and Adapt Clinical Practice Guideline: A Comprehensive Application Package

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nizal Sarrafzadegan 1
  • Shahla Shahidi 2
  • Fahimeh Bagheri-Kholenjani 3
1 Professor, Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 MSc of Midwifery, MSc of Medical Education, Developing and Updating Guidelines Unit, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 PhD of Health Education and Health Promotion. Developing and Updating Guidelines Unit, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The main purpose of guidelines is to improve patient care, and if properly developed, will lead to improving the quality and quantity of health services. Most clinical guidelines don`t meet the necessary standards, so this study was commissioned by the relevant ministry with the aim of preparing an application package for designing medical guidelines.
Methods: This development research plan was conducted in 2020 in four stages; Searching and collecting scientific resources, collecting experts opinions in the field of guideline standards by qualitative method, analyzing texts and classifying information, final design package compilation. The content validity of the proposal forms and their instructions were obtained by calculating the CVI and CVR.
Findings: In this study, 13 knowledge products including design request process flowchart, checklist for necessity and type of guideline, pre-proposal, proposal of developing, updating and adapting of clinical practice guidelines and instructions for completing them, conflict of interest form, Guideline design progress report submission forms were prepared. The initial proposal form was also designed in 13 sections using scientific sources. The necessity CVR = (99%), clarity and applicability of the prepared forms and instructions were confirmed. The overall CVI index was 0.97.
Conclusion: The prepared package, is simple, practical, contains the necessary standards for developing/ updating/ adapting the guidelines, as well as in accordance with the requirements and structure of health status in the country. Therefore, it is suggested that a strategy be designed to institutionalize the process and informative products provided by the education system and the executive department of services.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Quality of health care
  • Guidelines
  • Practice guidelines
  • Clinical practice guidelines
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