بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک اقدام به خودکشی و عوامل زمینه‌ساز خودکشی در شهرستان کهگیلویه

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه پرستاری اطفال، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 پژوهشگر، مرکز تحقیقات جراحی‌های کم تهاجمی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران و دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: خودکشی یک مشکل اساسی و پیشگیری از آن یک اولویت جهانی است. هدف این پژوهش، تعیین میزان بروز اقدام به خودکشی و عوامل مؤثر برآن در شهرستان کهگیلویه در نیمه‌ی دوم سال 1390 بود.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی مقطعی، شهرستان کهگیلویه با جمعیت حدود 200 هزار نفر به عنوان محیط پژوهش انتخاب گردید. جامعه‌ی آماری پژوهش 185 نفر از اقدام کنندگان به خودکشی بودند که از اول مهرماه 1390 تا آخر اسفند 1390 اقدام به خودکشی نمودند. اطلاعات با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌ی استفاده شده در بررسی SUPRE-MISS (SUPRE-MISS questionnaires) سازمان جهانی بهداشت جمع‌آوری شد.یافته‌ها: میزان بروز اقدام به خودکشی در شهرستان کهگیلویه، 5/92 در یکصد هزار نفر جمعیت در شش ماهه‌ی دوم، با توزیع جنسی 2/42 درصد در مردان و 8/57 در زنان بود. بیشترین میزان اقدام به خودکشی با 5/50 درصد در گروه سنی 20-11 سال مشاهده شد. 7/69 درصد از اقدام کنندگان به خودکشی مجرد بودند و محل سکونت 2/69 درصد در شهر بود. شایع‌ترین روش اقدام به خودکشی، استفاده از قرص 7/69 درصد بود.نتیجه‌گیری: اقدام به خودکشی درشهرستان کهگیلویه شایع است و با توجه به این که 1/88 درصد از اقدام کنندگان به خودکشی در سنین کمتر از 30 سال بودند که توجه جدی به نیازهای این گروه را طلب می‌کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Epidemiological Study of Suicide and Attempted Suicide and Related Factors in Kohgiluyeh, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elahe Piraee 1
  • Zahra Shahkolahi 2
  • Hamid Salehiniya 3
1 MSc Student, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 MSc Student, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Researcher, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences AND PhD Student, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Suicide is a major problem and preventing it a global priority. This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of suicide attempts in the second half of 2012 in Kohgiluyeh city, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, Kohgiluyeh city with a population of about 200 thousand persons were conducted. The study sample included 185 cases of suicide attempters from October 2012 until the end of year. Data were collected using questionnaires used in SUPRE-MISS, the World Health Organization (WHO) multisite intervention study on suicidal behavior.Findings: The incidence of suicide attempts in the Kohgiluyeh was 92.5 per a hundred thousand in the second half the year 2012; the gender distribution was 42.2% for men and 57.8% for women. The highest rates of suicide attempts observed in age of 11-20 years with the prevalence of 50.5%. 69.2% of suicides were single and the location of suicide was in city area in 69.2% of cases. The most common method of committing suicide was using pills (69.7%).Conclusion: Results showed that suicide attempts are common in the city of Kohgiluyeh; according that 88.1 percent of suicide attempters were aged less than 30 years, serious attention should be demanded to the needs of this group.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Suicide attempts
  • Risk Factors
  • Iran
  • Suicide

مراجع

  1. Murphy SL. Deaths: final data for 1998. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2000; 48(11): 1-105.
  2. Krug EG, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA, Zwi AB, Lozanon R. World report on violence and health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002.
  3. Khodaie Gh, Hejazi A, Abrishhami M, Taghavi A, Zarrin Ghalam L, Malekpour S. Study of suicide in the Cities of Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. The Secret to a Better Life 2006; 11(26): 46-3. [In Persian].
  4. Clayton D, Barcel A. The cost of suicide mortality in New Brunswick, 1996. Chronic Dis Can 1999; 20(2): 89-95.
  5. Khalkhali SMR, Najafi K, Jahanbakhsh J, Hasani H. Contact with physicians prior to suicide attempt. Hakim Res J 2006; 9(4): 17-23. [In Persian].
  6. Ray A. Suicide; psychiatric emergencies. In: Sadock B, Sadock VA, editors. Comprehensive text book of psychiatry. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2000. p. 2031-40.
  7. Haukka J, Suominen K, Partonen T, Lonnqvist J. Determinants and outcomes of serious attempted suicide: a nationwide study in Finland, 1996-2003. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 167(10): 1155-63.
  8. Rezaeian M. Epidemiology of suicide. Arak, Iran: Nevisandeh Publications, 2009. [In Persian].
  9. World Health Organization. The world health report 2003-shaping the future. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2003.
  10. State Welfare Organization of Iran. Iran suicide category 58 degrees [Online]. [citedd 2014 Agu 2]; Available from: URL:www.hadeseh.com/b/archives/003239.php
  11. World Health Organization. World report on violence and health. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2000.
  12. Betolote JM, Fleischmann A. A global perspective in the epidemiology of suicide. Suicidologi 2002; 7(2): 6-8.
  13. Ahmadi AM, Haji Ahmadi M. An epidemiological report on succussful suicide in Mazandaran province in 1990-91. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2000; 10(28): 8-12. [In Persian].
  14. Suicide and Americans [Online]. [cited 2004 Nov]; Available from: URL:http:// Youth www.Teenage Suicide.com.
  15. Moradi S, Khademi A. Evaluation of suicides resulting in death in Iran, comparing with the world pates. Sci J Forensic Med 2002; 8(7): 16-21.
  16. Kaplan HL, Sodock BJ. Textbook of psychiatry. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1995.
  17. Naqvi M, Ismail M. Epidemiology damage caused by external causes (accidents) in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Tehran, Iran: Fekrat Publications; 2002. [In Persian].
  18. Hunter E, Harvey D. Indigenous suicide in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States. Emerg Med (Fremantle) 2002; 14(1): 14-23.
  19. Zohoor AR, Aflatoonian MR. Epidemiological study of attempted suicide in Jiroft, Kerman (autumn 2001). Razi J Med Sci 2004; 10(38): 913-9. [In Persian].
  20. Heidari Pahlavian A. The study of psychosocial factors and epidemiological characteristics of the people who attempted suicide in Hamadan. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol 1997; 3(9-10): 19-31. [In Persian].
  21. Ghaleiha A, Khazaee M, Afzali S, Matinnia N, Karimi B. An annual survey of successful suicide incidence in hamadan, Western iran. J Res Health Sci 2009; 9(1): 13-6.
  22. Ahmadi AR. Frequency of self-immolation in the attempted suicide patients in Islamabad Gharb (1997-2003). Behbood J 2005; 9(24): 26-36. [In Persian].
  23. Saberi-Zafarghandi MB, Ghorbani R, Mousavi Sh. Epidemiologic study on suicide attempt in affiliated hospitals of Semnan university of medical sciences. Koomesh 2005; 6(4): 311-8. [In Persian].
  24. Shkrum MJ, Johnston KA. Fire and suicide: a three-year study of self-immolation deaths. J Forensic Sci 1992; 37(1): 208-21.
  25. Carter GL, Whyte IM, Ball K, Carter NT, Dawson AH, Carr VJ, et al. Repetition of deliberate self-poisoning in an Australian hospital-treated population. Med J Aust 1999; 170(7): 307-11.
  26. Thanh HT, Jiang GX, Van TN, Minh DP, Rosling H, Wasserman D. Attempted suicide in Hanoi, Vietnam. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2005; 40(1): 64-71.
  27. Jamshidzadeh F. Study of trend of change the characteristics of suicide and attempted suicide in Ilam Province 1991-2001 [MSc Thesis]. Tehran, Iran: University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation; 2004. [In Persian].
  28. Hassan R. Marital status and suicide in the national longitudinal mortality. The Australian Experience. Melboune, Australia: Melbourne University Press; 1995.
  29. Durkheim E. Suicide: a study in sociology. New York, NY: The Free Press; 1897.
  30. Kinyanda E1, Hjelmeland H, Musisi S. Deliberate self-harm as seen in Kampala, Uganda - a case-control study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2004; 39(4): 318-25.
  31. Pirkis J, Burgess P, Dunt D. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among Australian adults. Crisis 2000; 21(1): 16-25.
  32. Mhlongo T, Peltzer K. Parasuicide among youth in a general hospital in South Africa. Curationis 1999; 22(2): 72-6.
  33. Molavi P, Abbasi Ranjbar V, Mohammadnia H. Evaluation of attempted suicide risk factors in Ardabil city in the first half of 2003. J Rehab 2007; 8(1): 67-71. [In Persian].
  34. Styka AN, White DS, Zumwalt RE, Lathrop SL. Trends in adult suicides in New Mexico: utilizing data from the New Mexico violent death reporting system. J Forensic Sci 2010; 55(1): 93-9.
  35. Sheikholeslami H, Kani K, Ziaee A. Survey of precipitating factors of suicide attempts in persons who referred to emergency department. J Guilan Univ Med Sci 2008; 17(65): 77-87. [In Persian].
  36. Pearson V, Phillips MR, He F, Ji H. Attempted suicide among young rural women in the People's Republic of China: possibilities for prevention. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2002; 32(4): 359-69.
  37. Roy A, Segal NL, Centerwall BS, Robinette CD. Suicide in twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48(1): 29-32.
  38. Fairweather-Schmidt AK, Anstey KJ. Prevalence of suicidal behaviours in two Australian general population surveys: methodological considerations when comparing across studies. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2012; 47(4): 515-22.
  39. Ahmadi B. Epidemiology of attempted suicide and psychiatric disorders associated with suicide attempters admitted to Valiasr hospital in the August 1999 to February 1999 [PhD Thesis]. Arak, Iran: Arak University of Medical Sciences; 2000. [In Persian].
  40. Ashkani H, Dehbozorgi GHR, Emamgholipour N. Assessment of the epidemiological factors associated with suicide among the patients admitted in the psychiatric emergency ward Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci 2003; (56): 16-21. [In Persian].
  41. Taziki MH, Semnani Sh, Golalipour MJ, Behnampour N, Taziki SA, Rajaee S, et al. Epidemiological survey of suicide in Golestan province in the north of Iran (2003). J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2006; 16(55): 72-7. [In Persian].
  42. Rafiei M, Seyfi A. The Epidemiologic Study of Suicide Attempt Referred to Hospitals of University of Medical Sciences in Markazi- Province from 2002 to 2006. Iran J Epidemiol 2009, 4(3-4): 59-69. [In Persian].
  43. Mousavi F, Shahmohammadi D, Kaffashi A. Epidemiological survey of suicide in rural areas. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol 2000, 5(4): 4-11. [In Persian].
  44. Yazdani Gh.Study some of the psychological characteristics of adolescent suicide attempters and comparison with adolescents with mental disorders and normal [MSc Thesis]. Tehran, Iran: Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences; 2009. [In Persian].
  45. Shahmohamadi D. A comprehensive report of the research project was the integration of mental health into primary care in rural Shahrkord 1989-1990. Tehran, Iran: Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education; 1993. [In Persian].
  46. .Moravveji SA, Saberi H, Akasheh G, Ahmadvand A, Kiani-Pour S. Epidemiology of attempted suicide in Kashan during 2003-8. Feyz 2011, 15(4): 374-81. [In Persian].
  47. Mousavi SA, Khosravi A, Hasani MH, Jahani Z. The epidemiologic study of deliberate self-harm (poisoning) in Shahroud. Knowledge Health 2007; 2(2): 38-44. [In Persian].
مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 32، شماره 305 - شماره پیاپی 305
آذر و دی 1393
صفحه 1706-1717

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 تیر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار