نیمرخ حسی در نوزادان و شیرخواران با سابقه‌ی تولد نارس و بستری در بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه‌ی نوزادان

نوع مقاله : Original Article(s)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه کاردرمانی، دانشکده‌ی علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه کاردرمانی، دانشکده‌ی علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات توانبخشی، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده‌ی علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار طب نوزادی و پیرامون تولد، مرکز تحقیقات نوزادان، گروه کودکان، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقاله پژوهشی




مقدمه: این مطالعه به منظور بررسی عوامل مؤثر در الگوهای پردازش حسی و همچنین تعیین الگوی پردازش حس‌های مختلف نوزادان نارس یک تا شش ماهه طراحی و اجرا گردید.
روش‌ها: در یک مطالعه‌ی مقطعی در سال 1400، تعداد 79 شیرخوار با سن تصحیح شده کمتر از 6 ماه و سابقه‌ی بستری چند روز تا یک ماه در بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه‌ی نوزادان از طریق نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، توسط پرسش‌نامه‌ی «نمیرخ حسی شیرخواری» با اعتبار محتوایی (0/95) و پایایی (0/95-0/72) دارای 25 سؤال با 6 خرده مقیاس پردازش عمومی، پردازش شنیداری، پردازش دیداری، پردازش لامسه، پردازش حرکتی و پردازش دهانی و یک نمره‌ی کلی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها: نمره‌ی کلی پرسش‌نامه با میانگین 19/08 ± 52/6 نشان داد که پردازش حسی در 54/4 درصد شیرخواران غیرطبیعی است. همچنین بین الگوهای پردازش حسی با سن تقویمی، سن جنینی، وزن هنگام تولد و مدت زمان بستری ارتباط معنی‌داری وجود داشت. به طوری که دو گروه نوزادان با کمتر از 1 هفته بستری و بیشتر از 2 هفته بستری، در پردازش حس لامسه تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند. همچنین در نوزادانی با سن تقویمی کمتر از یک ماه و بین 1 تا 6 ماه، پردازش شنیداری، لامسه و دهانی تفاوت معنی‌داری داشت. نمره‌ی کل پردازش حسی نیز در نوزادان با هفته‌ی جنینی کمتر از 32 و بیشتر از 32 تفاوت معنی‌داری نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد افزایش مدت بستری، نوزاد را برای مدت بیشتری در معرض دریافت حس‌های متعارض با رشد و تکامل قرار می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Sensory Profile in Newborns with a History of Premature Birth and Hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Navid Mirzakhani 1
  • Somaye Kavousipor 2
  • Shafagh Saei 3
  • Seyyed Mostajab Razavinejad Ardakani 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3 Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The study was designed to identify influential factors on sensory processing patterns and describe the pattern in neonates from birth to 6-month-old with premature birth.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2021, 79 neonates from birth to 6 months (corrected age) who were hospitalized for a few days to 1 month, were recruited by the simple sampling method. Their sensory processing patterns were evaluated by sensory profile2-birth-to 6 months with 6 sub-scales of general, auditory, visual, and tactile, movement; and oral processing in 25 questions. The validity and reliability of the sensory profile were (0.95) and (0.72-0.95).
Findings: The Mean of the total score (52.6 ± 19.08) indicated that 54.4% of the participants exhibited abnormal sensory processing patterns. There was a significant relationship between sensory processing and sensory patterns with gestational age, birth weight, chronological age, and length of stay in the care unit. Tactile processing, patterns was significantly different between neonates, according to the time of hospitalization less than 1 week and more than 2 weeks. There are no significant differences between sensory processing patterns and gender, gestational age, and birth weight. The mean of Auditory, tactile and oral processing was different between the
2 groups of infants; less than 1-month chronological age and more than 1-month age. The total score of sensory profiles showed significant differences between infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks and more than
32 weeks.
Conclusion: The length of stay Infants was exposed to disadvantageous sensory stimulation for a long time which contribute to early development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sensation
  • Hearing
  • Touch
  • Occupational therapy
  • Infant
  • Premature birth

مراجع

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 41، شماره 719
هفته 3 تیر
خرداد و تیر 1402
صفحه 346-353

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 اردیبهشت 1402

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