رابطه‌ی سطح سرمی منیزیم مادر با کم وزنی نوزاد زمان تولد: یک مطالعه‌ی مورد- شاهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 مربی، گروه مامایی، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

3 مربی، گروه مامایی، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: کم وزنی نوزاد از مهم‌ترین مشکلات بهداشتی به خصوص در کشورهای در حال توسعه می‌باشد که با عوارض زیادی همراه است. منیزیم یک عنصر ضروری برای بسیاری از آنزیم‌ها است و در دهه‌های اخیر، بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است و می‌تواند باعث کاهش زایمان زودرس و تولد نوزاد نارس و کم وزن گردد. از این رو، مطالعه‌ی حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه‌ی بین سطح سرمی منیزیم مادر با کم وزنی نوزاد زمان تولد صورت گرفته است.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی مورد- شاهد، 21 نوزاد کم وزن (مورد) و 39 نوزاد با وزن طبیعی (شاهد) مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. اطلاعات توسط معاینه‌ی بالینی کودک، مصاحبه با مادر و انجام آزمایش‌های خون مادر جمع‌آوری گردید. برای اندازه‌گیری منیزیم سرمی مادر، از روش اسپکتروفوتومتری جذب اتمی استفاده گردید. داده‌ها پس از جمع‌آوری، وارد نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 18 گردید و با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری t مستقل و 2χ تجزیه و تحلیل شد.یافته‌ها: میانگین سطح منیزیم سرم در مادران گروه مورد (07/0 ± 24/2 میلی‌گرم) به صورت معنی‌داری کمتر از مادران گروه شاهد (09/0 ± 61/2 میلی‌گرم) بود (001/0 = P). سطح پایین منیزیم سرم مادر عامل خطر تولد نوزاد کم وزن شناخته شد.نتیجه‌گیری: سطح سرم منیزیم مادر یک پیش‌گویی کننده و عامل خطر برای تولد نوزاد کم وزن می‌باشد. از این رو، برای کاهش بروز تولد نوزاد کم وزن به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین علل مرگ نوزادان، می‌توان با استفاده از تجویز خوراکی‌های حاوی منیزیم و مشاوره‌ی تغذیه‌ای اقدام نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship of Maternal Serum Magnesium Levels and the Incidence of Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Case-Control Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Salehiniya 1
  • Leila Mohamadkhani-Shahri 2
  • Samaneh Sabet-Birjandi 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
3 Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Low birth weight is the most important public health problem, especially in the developing countries, associated with many complications. Magnesium, an essential element for many enzymes, have been studied in recent decades and can reduce preterm labor and low birth weight. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of maternal serum magnesium levels and the incidence of low-birth-weight infants.Methods: In this case-control study, 21 low- (cases) and 39 normal-birth-weight (control group) infants were studied. Information was collected by infant physical examination, interview with the mother and maternal blood laboratory tests. For the measurement of maternal serum magnesium level, atomic absorption spectrometry method was used. The collected data were analyzed using independent t and chi-square tests.Findings: The mean maternal serum magnesium level was significantly (P = 0.001) lower in the case group (2.24 ± 0.07 mg) compared with the control group (2.61 ± 0.09 mg). Low maternal serum magnesium level is a risk factor for incidence of low birth weight .Conclusion: Maternal serum magnesium level is a predictive risk factor for low birth weight. Therefore, to reduce the incidence of low birth weight, as one of the most important causes of infant mortality, oral administration of magnesium and dietary advices can be taken.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Low birth weight
  • Magnesium
  • Infant
  • Case-control
  1. Paneth N, Hong T, Korzeniewski S. The descriptive epidemiology of cerebral palsy. Clin Perinatol 2006; 33(2): 251-67.
  2. Kliegman R, Nelson WE. Nelson textbook of pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders; 2007.
  3. Center for Disease Control and Perventation (CDC). VitalSat [Online]. [cited 2010]; Available from: URL:
  4. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/VitalStats.htm
  5. Adleshoar M. The predictive factors of underweight neonates in mothers that Reffered to Hospital in Rasht [Thesis]. Rasht, Iran: Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rasht University of Medical Sciences; 2006. [In Persian].
  6. Feresu SA, Harlow SD, Welch K, Gillespie BW. Incidence of and socio-demographic risk factors for stillbirth, preterm birth and low birthweight among Zimbabwean women. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2004; 18(2): 154-63.
  7. Khalilian AR, Hamta A, Farhadi R, Ranjbaran H. Investigation factors of low birth weight infants with structural equation model approach. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2012; 21(86): 108-14. [In Persain].
  8. Hosseini SZ, Bahadori MH, Fallah Bagher Shaidaei H. Incidence of low birth weight and associated risk factors during March 2002-2003 in Tonekabon, Iran. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2005; 15(49): 110-3. [In Persain].
  9. Khoori E, Vakili MA, Golalipour MJ. Low birth Weight and some factors affect it in newborns (Gorgan 1996). J Gorgan Univ Med Sci 1999; 3(46): 53. [In Persain].
  10. Golestan M, Fallah R, Akhavan Karbasi S. Neonatal mortality of low birth weight infants in Yazd, Iran. Iran J Reprod Med 2008; 6(4): 205-8.
  11. Alexander GR, Wingate MS, Mor J, Boulet S. Birth outcomes of Asian-Indian-Americans. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 97(3): 215-20.
  12. Hantoushzadeh S, Jafarabadi M, Khazardoust S. Serum magnesium levels, muscle cramps, and preterm labor. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 98(2): 153-4.
  13. Mittendorf R, Pryde PG, Elin RJ, Gianopoulos JG, Lee KS. Relationship between hypermagnesaemia in preterm labour and adverse health outcomes in babies. Magnes Res 2002; 15(3-4): 253-61.
  14. Stalnikowicz R. The significance of routine serum magnesium determination in the ED. Am J Emerg Med 2003; 21(5): 444-7.
  15. Bhat MA, Charoo BA, Bhat JI, Ahmad SM, Ali SW, Mufti MU. Magnesium sulfate in severe perinatal asphyxia: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Pediatrics 2009; 123(5): e764-e769.
  16. Khashaba MT, Shouman BO, Shaltout AA, Al-Marsafawy HM, Abdel-Aziz MM, Patel K, et al. Excitatory amino acids and magnesium sulfate in neonatal asphyxia. Brain Dev 2006; 28(6): 375-9.
  17. Kim SY, El-Dib M, Ahmad T, Aly H. Baseline serum magnesium concentrations and neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight premature infants. Early Hum Dev 2013; 89(4): 239-42.
  18. Fox C, Ramsoomair D, Carter C. Magnesium: its proven and potential clinical significance. South Med J 2001; 94(12): 1195-201.
  19. Brilla LR, Haley TF. Effect of magnesium supplementation on strength training in humans. J Am Coll Nutr 1992; 11(3): 326-9.
  20. Farshidfar G, Soltani N, Kamaran M, Keshavarz M. Effect of magnesium on prevention of diabetic vessel complication (review article). Hormozgan Med J 2013; 17(1): 83-93. [In Persian].
  21. Grybos M, Krzemieniewska J, Stacherzak-Pawlik J, Wilczynski A, Wozniak M, Majsnerowicz M, et al. Total and ionized magnesium concentration in the blood plasma and erythrocytic magnesium concentration of women in the third trimester of pregnancy with imminent preterm labor. Ginekol Pol 2005; 76(8): 625-31.
  22. Lurie S, Gur D, Sadan O, Glezerman M. Relationship between uterine contractions and serum magnesium levels in patients treated for threatened preterm labour with intravenous magnesium sulphate. J Obstet Gynaecol 2004; 24(3): 247-8.
  23. Speich M, Bousquet B, Auget JL, Gelot S, Laborde O. Association between magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, copper, and zinc in umbilical cord plasma and erythrocytes, and the gestational age and growth variables of full-term newborns. Clin Chem 1992; 38(1): 141-3.
  24. Elizabeth KE, Krishnan V, Zachariah P. Auxologic, biochemical and clinical (ABC) profile of low birth weight babies- a 2-year prospective study. J Trop Pediatr 2007; 53(6): 374-82.
  25. Baig S, Hasnain NU, Ud-din Q. Studies on Zn, Cu, Mg, Ca and phosphorus in maternal and cord blood. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53(9): 417-22.
  26. Schulpis KH, Karakonstantakis T, Vlachos GD, Gavrili S, Mentis AF, Lazaropoulou C, et al. The effect of nutritional habits on maternal-neonatal zinc and magnesium levels in Greeks and Albanians. E Spen Eur E J Clin Nutr Metab 2009; 4(4): e176-e180.
  27. Mbofung CMF, Subbarau VV. Trace element (Zinc, copper, iron and magnesium) concentrations in human placenta and their relationship to birth weight of babies. Nutr Res 1990; 10(4): 359-66.
  28. Moghadam Banaem L, Seddighi Looye E, Kazemnejad A, Afshar A. Maternal and umbilical cord blood serum levels of zinc, copper, magnesium, iron and calcium and their relationships with low birth weight. Modares J Med Sci Pathol 2010; 13(2): 43-50. [In Persian].
  29. Taghizadeh Z, Ajh N, Mehran A. The relationship between seafood intake in early pregnancy and prevalence of preterm labor. Hayat 2007; 13(1): 55-61. [In Persian].
  30. Olsen SF, Secher NJ. Low consumption of seafood in early pregnancy as a risk factor for preterm delivery: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2002; 324(7335): 447.
  31. Valizadeh Hassanlouei MA, Hassani E, Rahimi Rad MH, Adeli SH, Karimi Sakhvidi N, Boudag H. Evaluation of serum magnesium and the effect on prognosis in patients admitted to intensive care unit. Urmia Med J 2013; 24(1): 30-7. [In Persian].