نقش عوامل رونویسی در تنظیم توسعه و تمایز سلول‌های شبکیه‌ی عصبی

نوع مقاله : Review Article

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های ارثی کودکان و پژوهشکده‌ی پیشگیری اولیه از بیماری‌های غیر واگیر و گروه ژنتیک و بیولوژی مولکولی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های ارثی کودکان و پژوهشکده‌ی پیشگیری اولیه از بیماری‌های غیر واگیر و گروه ژنتیک و بیولوژی مولکولی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

شبکیه‌ی عصبی بخشی از Diencephalon است که به دلیل ساختار به نسبت ساده، به عنوان یک مدل مناسب برای مطالعه‌ی مکانیسم‌های ملکولی توسعه‌ی سیستم عصبی مرکزی کاربرد دارد. حس بینایی، حاصل عملکرد شش نوع نورون است که در ساختار شبکیه‌ی عصبی سازمان‌دهی شده است. پیدایش شبکیه‌ی عصبی، حاصل تکثیر یک سلول پیش‌ساز مشترک در لایه‌ی داخلی جام بینایی است که تحت عوامل متفاوت در یک شیوه‌ی وابسته به زمان و حفاظت شده در پستانداران، صلاحیت تمایز به سرنوشت‌های مختلف سلولی را کسب می‌کند. تخریب و فقدان عملکرد سلول‌های شبکیه در بیماری‌های مختلف شبکیه ایجاد می‌شود و فرایند بینایی را در انسان دچار اختلال می‌سازد. عدم بازسازی سلول‌های عصبی آسیب دیده‌ی شبکیه در پستانداران از جمله انسان، یک مشکل شناخته شده است؛ در دهه‌های اخیر، طیف وسیعی از تحقیقات در زمینه‌ی چشم به بررسی امکان جایگزینی سلول‌های شبکیه اختصاص داده شده و تلاش‌های زیادی برای درمان این بیماری‌ها انجام شده است. مطالعه و شناسایی عوامل رونویسی دخیل در تمایز نورونی، می‌تواند ابزار سودمندی در ژن درمانی با هدف بازسازی نورون‌های شبکیه در آینده‌ی نزدیک فراهم سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Transcription Factors in Regulating the Development and Differentiation of Neural Retina Cells

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razeih Heidari 1
  • Fatemeh Nazemroaya 1
  • Majid Kheirollahi 2
1 Pediatrics Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease AND Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Pediatrics Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease AND Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Neural retina is the part of the diencephalon and because of the relatively simple structure in known as a suitable model for studying the molecular mechanisms of the central nervous system. Visual perception is the result of the function of six types of neurons organized in the structure of the neural retina. Neural retina develops via the proliferation of a common precursor cell in the inner layer of the optic cup. Retinal progenitor cell acquires the competent to differentiate into different cell fates by different factors in a time-dependent and protected manner in the mammals. Destruction and loss of these cells in the retina occurs in various retinal diseases and impairs the process of human vision. Lack of reconstruction of damaged nerve cells in the retina of mammals, including humans is a noted problem; and in recent decades, a wide range of research in the eye field allocated the possibility of replacing the retinal cells and many efforts is made to treat these diseases. Study and identifying the transcription factors involved in neuronal differentiation can provide a useful tool for gene therapy aiming to regenerate retinal neurons in the near future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transcription factor
  • Neural retina
  • Retinal progenitor cells

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 33، شماره 351 - شماره پیاپی 351
مهر و آبان 1394
صفحه 1584-1596

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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