نقش سلول‌های دندریتیک تحمل‌زا در درمان بیماری‌های خودایمن

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،گروه ایمونولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه ایمونولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی و گروه علوم سلولی کاربردی، دانشکده‌ی فن‌آوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه ایمونولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات علوم پایه و اپیدمولوژی بیماری‌های دستگاه گوارش، پژوهشکده‌ی بیماری‌های گوارش و کبد، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سلول‌ دندریتیک، سلول‌ ویژه‌ی عرضه کننده‌ی آنتی‌ژن می‌باشد که نقش مهمی در فعال‌سازی پاسخ‌های ایمنی و القای تحمل دارد. این سلول‌ها، دارای دو زیر گروه اصلی سلول‌های دندریتیک معمولی و سلول‌های دندریتیک پلاسموسایتوئید می‌باشند. بیماری‌های خودایمن به علت شکست تحمل پاسخ‌های ایمنی بدن رخ می‌دهد. دیدگاه‌های درمانی متداول جهت درمان بیماری‌های خودایمن بر مبنای عوامل و داروهای غیر اختصاصی استوار است. مصرف این عوامل، اغلب اثرات جانبی شدیدی به دنبال دارد. فهم بهتر از فنوتیپ و عملکرد سلول‌های دندریتیک، موجب ایجاد شیوه‌‌های متعدد برای ساخت سلول‌های دندریتیک تحمل‌زا (tolerogenic dendritic cells یا tolDCs) در محیط آزمایشگاهی شد. سلول دندریتیک تحمل‌زا، نقش مهمی در حفظ تحمل ایمنی از طریق ایجاد آنرژی، القای جمعیت لنفوسیت‌های T تنظیمی و یا حذف سلول‌های T اتوراکتیو دارد. مطالعه‌ بر روی مدل‌های حیوانی و آزمایشگاهی، موجب استفاده از این سلول‌ها در درمان بیماری‌های خودایمن شد. در این مقاله، عوامل و مکانسیم‌های مختلف تولید کننده‌ی سلول‌های دندریتیک تحمل‌زا، کاربرد آن‌ها در القای تحمل و سرکوب پاسخ‌های خودایمن در مدل‌های حیوانی و کارآزمایی‌های بالینی را شرح داده می‌شود. در انتها، در مورد نکات مهم پیش رو در استفاده از این سلول‌ها در درمان بیماری‌های خودایمن بحث خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cell Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Shahidi 1
  • Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi 2
  • Davar Amani 3
  • Kaveh Baghaei 4
1 MSc Student, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine AND Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Dendritic cells (DCs) are special antigen-presenting cells that are important for activation of immune response and tolerance. Dendritic cells have been divided in two subtypes of conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by break down in immune tolerance. Current therapeutic approaches for treatment of autoimmune diseases are based on nonspecific agents. These agents often cause serious side effects. By advances in understanding phenotype and function of dendritic cells, several protocols have been described for in-vitro generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs). Tolerogenic dendritic cells play an important role in maintenance of immunological tolerance via anergy, generation of regulatory T lymphocyte population, or deletion of autoreactive T cells. Important insight gain from in-vitro studies and animal models have led to the development of clinical use of tolerogenic dendritic cells for treating autoimmune diseases. In this review, we describe the different agents and mechanisms for generating tolerogenic dendritic cells, and applying them for induction of specific tolerance and suppressing autoimmune response in animal models and clinical trials. At the end of this review, we discuss the challenge faced in further developing of tolerogenic dendritic cell therapy in autoimmunity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dendritic cells
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Experimental animal models
  • Clinical Trial

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 35، شماره 464 - شماره پیاپی 464
بهمن و اسفند 1396
صفحه 1980-1992

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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