تأثیر مهارت‌های ارتباطی زنان بر خشونت خانگی از سوی همسران

انصاری, حوریه; گلشیری, پرستو; مستجاب‌الدعواتی, سیده رکسانا

تأثیر مهارت‌های ارتباطی زنان بر خشونت خانگی از سوی همسران

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

² دانشیار، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

³ دانشجوی دوره‌ی عالی بهداشت عمومی، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: خشونت علیه زنان و همسرآزاری، یکی از معضلات بهداشت روان در زنان است که در همه‌ی کشورها وجود دارد. عدم توجه به این مشکل، می‌تواند صدمات جبران ناپذیری به سلامت روان مادران و کودکان وارد نماید.روش‌ها: مطالعه‌ی مقطعی حاضر، در نمونه‌ی 385 نفری از زنان متأهل منطقه‌ی کرچگان شهرستان لنجان در سال‌های 95-1394 انجام شد. اطلاعات مورد نیاز، با استفاده از دو پرسش‌نامه شامل اطلاعات مربوط به میزان خشونت و همچنین، سنجش آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان نسبت به خشونت خانگی (همسرآزاری) و مهارت‌های ارتباطی آنان جمع‌آوری گردید.یافته‌ها: نمره‌ی آگاهی زنان نسبت به همسرآزاری 90/2 ± 62/7 بود؛ بر این اساس، اطلاع زنان نسبت به موضوع همسرآزاری از حد متوسط بیشتر بود. رابطه‌ی معنی‌داری میان میزان خشونت و یکسان یا متفاوت بودن سطح تحصیلات زوجین دیده نشد (500/0 = P). خشونت کل و اجزای آن، با مهارت ارتباطی کل و مهارت کلامی رابطه‌ی معکوس و معنی‌داری داشت (050/0 > P). همچنین، میزان خشونت فیزیکی با تعداد فرزندان و مهارت بازخورد زنان رابطه‌ی مستقیم و با سطح تحصیلات شوهران و مهارت کلامی زنان، رابطه‌ی معکوس نشان داد.نتیجه‌گیری: استفاده از مهارت‌های ارتباطی، تنش‌ها و مشاجره‌ی بین زوجین را می‌کاهد یا حداقل به زمان بهتری موکول می‌نماید. بدیهی است که مهارت کلامی، عمده‌ترین و مؤثرترین روش در برقراری و مدیریت ارتباطات است. یافته‌های مطالعه‌ی حاضر، نشان می‌دهد که تقویت مهارت‌های ارتباطی زنان، می‌تواند به کاهش خشونت، به ویژه خشونت‌های فیزیکی علیه آنان منجر شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Women’s Communication Skills on Domestic Violence

نویسندگان [English]

Hourieh Ansari ¹
Parastoo Golshiri ²
Seyedeh Roxana Mostajaboldavati ³

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

² Associate professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

³ MPH Student, Department of Community Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background: Violence against women as domestic violence is a mental health problem in women, present in all countries. Overlooking this problem could entail irremediable harms to mother and child health.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 married women from Karchagan-Lenjan, Iran, during 2015-2016. Needed information were gathered via using two questionnaires involving violence dimension and measurements on knowledge, attitude, and action of women toward domestic violence and their communication skills, as well.Findings: Mean score (SD) of women’s knowledge toward domestic violence was 7.62 ± 2.90 and was higher than average. No significant difference was seen between mean extent of violence in couples with equal level of education and couples with different levels of education (P = 0.500). Total violence and its components had reverse significant association with total communication skills and verbal skills (P < 0.050). In addition, physical violence among husbands had direct association with number of children and feedback skills and reverse association with husbands’ level of education of and verbal skill.Conclusion: Using communication skills could lower couple contention or, at least, defer it to a better time. Obviously, verbal skill is the most important and effective way in establishing and management of relations. Our findings show that improving the communication skills in women could reduce the violence, especially physical violence, against them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Violence
Women
Domestic violence
Prevalence

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