The Study of Mycotoxins Contamination in Recycled Waste Bread in Two Municipal Areas in Tehran, Iran

Document Type : مقاله کوتاه

Authors

1 Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Food and Drug Control Laboratories (FDCLs), Deputy for Food and Drug, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

5 Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

6 Assistant Professor, Department of Bacterial Vaccines and Antigens Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

7 Associate Professor, Food and Drug Control Laboratories (FDCLs), Deputy for Food and Drug, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: Many species of sustainable mycotoxin-producing fungi are considered as dangerous agents for humans. Bread is one of the materials exposed to fungal infection and molds are amongst the most important pollutant microbial and chemical mycotoxin-producing agents of bread. In this study, the microbial and chemical contamination of recycled waste breads and the types of produced mycotoxins at two areas of Tehran municipality, Iran, were investigated.Methods: Using fungal culture media, twenty samples of waste bread were analyzed for microbial contaminations. To recognize contamination to mycotoxins, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and fuorescence detector (FLD) were used.Findings: All but one sample were contaminated to mold infections such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and yeasts including Geotricum candidum, Candidia albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eight samples were contaminated to aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol, whereas none of them showed contamination with zearalenone.Conclusion: The results indicated that presence of microbial and toxic contamination in bread waste is inevitable, which is harmful for human health. The sanitary control of food waste to reduce or eliminate microbial hazards in food recycling is necessary.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 302 - Serial Number 302
July and August 2014
Pages 1567-1576

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History

  • Receive Date: 22 July 2013
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

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