Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia, a pregnancy specific syndrome, is a major cause of maternal and infant morbidity/mortality and preterm delivery worldwide. It is characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Despite a fairly high incidence, the underlying etiology of preeclampsia is still incomplete. In the present study, adipokines leptin and adiponectin, the metabolite homocysteine and the importance of antioxidants in preeclampsia was reviewed.Methods: The PubMed and Scopus databases were used for searching the relevant studies.Findings: The majority of studies reported hyperleptinemia in preeclampsia and suggested a pathological role and also a compensatory response for it. There were some conflicting findings of maternal circulating levels of adiponectin in women with preeclampsia with relevant explanations. Recent studies indicated that hyperhomocysteinemia might be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. The majority of trials to date have found routine antioxidant supplementation during pregnancy to be ineffective in reducing the risk of preeclampsia.Conclusion: More studies are needed to explore possible antioxidant property of adiponectin in preeclampsia. It might be proposed exploring the mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia on the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Further clinical trials are needed to address the importance of using antioxidants during pregnancy for the prevention or treatment of preeclampsia.
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