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Abstract Endoscopy Overview: An upper endoscopy, often referred to as endoscopy, EGD, or esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy, is a procedure that allows a physician to directly examine the upper part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes the esophagus (swallowing tube), the stomach, and the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine). The physician who performs the procedures, known as an endoscopist, has special training in using an endoscope to examine the upper GI system, looking for inflammation (redness, irritation), bleeding, ulcers, or tumors. Reasons for Upper Endoscopy: The most common reasons for upper endoscopy include: Unexplained discomfort in the upper abdomen GERD or gastroesophageal reflux disease, (often called heartburn) Persistent nausea and vomiting Upper GI bleeding (vomiting blood or blood found in the stool that originated from the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract). Bleeding can be treated during the endoscopy. Difficulty swallowing; food/liquids getting stuck in the esophagus during swallowing. This may be caused by a narrowing (stricture) or tumor. The stricture may be dilated with special balloons or dilation tubes during the endoscopy. Abnormal or unclear findings on an upper GI x-ray, CT scan or MRI. Removal of a foreign body (a swallowed object). To check healing or progress on previously found polyps (growths), tumors, or ulcers.