مروری بر آسیب‌شناسی مولکولی تومورهای اپی‌تلیال تیروئید

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دکتری بیوشیمی، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه ژنتیک پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات سلولی و مولکولی غدد درون‌ریز، پژوهشکده‌ی علوم غدد درون‌ریز و متابولیسم، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ومورهای اپی‌تلیال تیروئید، همگی از تیروسیت‌ها یا همان سلول‌های اپی‌تلیال فولیکولار تیروئید به وجود می‌آیند. اگر این سلول‌ها از مکانیسم‌های طبیعی رشد، تقسیم سلولی و آپوپتوز سرپیچی کنند و وارد مرحله‌ی رشد بی‌رویه‌ شوند، تومور تیروئید ایجاد می‌گردد. بیشتر این تومورها خوش‌خیم می‌باشند، اما برخی از آن‌ها بدخیمی‌هایی با رشد آهسته و تعداد معدودی از آن‌ها نیز سرطان‌های بسیار تهاجمی هستند. سرپیچی از مکانیسم‌های طبیعی و ایجاد تومور، می‌تواند در نتیجه‌ی بروز تغییرات ژنتیک و اپی‌ژنتیک در پروتوآنکوژن‌ها و ژن‌های سرکوبگر تومور باشد. درک صحیح از آسیب‌شناسی مولکولی تومورهای اپی‌تلیال تیروئید و شناخت تغییرات مولکولی پروتوآنکوژن‌ها و ژن‌های سرکوبگر تومور، می‌تواند ویژگی‌های بالینی متنوع آن‌ها را توضیح دهد و به ارایه‌ی اطلاعات در زمینه‌ی تشخیص، پیش‌آگهی و کشف درمان‌های مؤثر بینجامد. از طرفی، فرصت تحقیقات بیشتر را در حوزه‌های تشخیص، پیش‌آگهی و درمان فراهم می‌نماید. این مقاله‌ی مروری، با هدف مرور و بررسی آسیب‌شناسی مولکولی تومورهای اپی‌تلیال تیروئید انجام شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review on the Molecular Pathology of Epithelial Thyroid Tumors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Adeleh Razavi 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Modarressi 2
  • Parichehreh Yaghmaei 3
  • Mehdi Hedayati 4
1 PhD in Biochemistry, Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Epithelial thyroid tumors are all from the thyrocytes, the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. If these cells do not replicate the normal mechanisms of growth, cell division, and apoptosis, and enter to the uncontrolled growth phase, thyroid tumors arise. Most of these tumors are benign, but some of them are slow-growing malignancies, and a small number of them are also highly-invasive cancers. Failure of the natural mechanisms, and creation a tumor can be due to genetic and epigenetic changes in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Understanding molecular pathology of epithelial thyroid tumors, and recognizing molecular changes of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes can explain their different clinical features, providing diagnostic and prognostic information, and discovering of the effective treatments. On the other hand, it can provide further research opportunities in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment areas. This review article targeted the molecular pathology of epithelial thyroid tumors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pathology
  • Molecular
  • Epithelial tumor
  • Thyroid
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Tumor suppressor genes

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 36، شماره 492 - شماره پیاپی 492
مهر و آبان 1397
صفحه 964-974

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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