تأثیر تمرین ورزشی بر تجمع چربی در کبد در کودکان و نوجوانان دارای اضافه‌وزن و چاق: مروری نظام‌مند و فراتحلیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی علوم انسانی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی علوم انسانی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

مقاله مروری




مقدمه: شیوع چاقی در کودکان و نوجوانان با تجمع چربی در کبد همراه است. بنابراین، هدف فراتحلیل حاضر، بررسی تأثیر تمرین ورزشی بر تجمع چربی در کبد و مقاومت به انسولین در کودکان و نوجوانان دارای اضافه‌وزن و چاق می‌باشد.
روش‌ها: جستجوی جامع در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Web of Science، Google Scholar، Magiran و NoorMags از زمان شروع تا تاریخ 1 بهمن‌ماه 1401 انجام شد. معیارهای ورود به فراتحلیل حاضر شامل 1) کودکان و نوجوان؛ 2) تمرینات ورزشی؛ 3) اضافه‌وزن و چاقی؛ 4) مطالعات دارای گروه شاهد و یا دارای مقادیر اندازه‌گیری شده در مرحله‌ی پیش‌آزمون و 5) تجمع چربی در کبد به‌عنوان متغیر اصلی. برای محاسبه‌ی اندازه‌ی اثر، تفاوت میانگین استاندارد شده (Standardized mean differences) SMD، تفاوت میانگین وزنی (Weighted mean differences) WMD و فاصله‌ی اطمینان 95 درصد (CIs) با استفاده از مدل تصادفی محاسبه شد.
یافته‌ها: در مجموع، 9 مطالعه دارای 18 مداخله‌ی ورزشی و شامل 621 آزمودنی کودک و نوجوان وارد فراتحلیل حاضر شدند. نتایج نشان داد تمرین ورزشی منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار تجمع چربی در کبد با اندازه‌ی اثر [0/001 = P، (43/0- الی 1/26-CI:) 0/85-SMD:]، انسولین [0/01 = P، (0/30- الی 2/35-CI:)  µU/ml1/32-WMD:] و مقاومت به انسولین [0/007 = P، (0/17- الی 1/06-CI:) 0/61-WMD:] می‌شود. در حالی‌که کاهش گلوکز از لحاظ آماری معنی‌دار نبود [0/26 = P، (0/40 الی 1/47-CI:) mg/dl0/52-WMD:].
نتیجه‌گیری: تمرین ورزشی منجر به کاهش تجمع چربی در کبد و بهبود مقاومت به انسولین در کودکان و نوجوانان دارای اضافه‌وزن و چاقی شد که به‌عنوان یک راهبرد اولیه برای کاهش چربی کبد و بهبود متابولیسم توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Exercise Training on Liver Fat Accumulation in Children and Adolescents in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mousa Khalafi 1
  • Zeinab Fathi 2
  • Zeinab Nasrolahi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
2 MSc Student, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is associated with the accumulation of liver fat. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the effect of exercise training on liver fat accumulation and insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Magiran, and NoorMags databases from the inception to January 21, 2023. The inclusion criteria for the present meta-analysis included 1) children and adolescents, 2) exercise training, 3) overweight and obesity, 4) studies with a control group or with values measured in the pre-test stage and 4) liver fat as the main variable. To calculate the effect size, standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random effect model.
Findings: A total, nine studies with eighteen exercise interventions and including 621 children and adolescent were included in the meta-analysis. Exercise result in a decrease in liver fat with a large effect size [SMD: -0.85 (CI: -1.26 to -0.43), P = 0.001], insulin [WMD: -1.32 µU/ml (CI: -2.35 to -0.30), P = 0.01] and insulin resistance [WMD: -0.61 (CI: -1.06 to -0.17), P = 0.007]. While the reduction of glucose was not statistically significant [WMD: -0.52 mg/dl (CI: -1.47 to 0.40), P = 0.26].
Conclusion: Exercise training results in the reduction of liver fat accumulation and improvement of insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, which is recommended as a main strategy to reduce liver fat and improve metabolism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adolescents
  • Child
  • Exercise training
  • Insulin resistance
  • Liver fat
  • Obesity

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 41، شماره 733
هفته 1، آبان
مهر و آبان 1402
صفحه 751-763

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 شهریور 1402

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