نگرش دانشجویان مقطع علوم پایه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد نسبت به روان‌پزشکی و تمایل آن‌ها برای ادامه تحصیل در این رشته

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 پزشک عمومی، مرکز تحقیقات آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 پزشک عمومی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اهمیت و ضرورت پرداختن به مطالعه‌ی نگرش و رقبت دانشجویان پزشکی به روان‌پزشکی در ایران با بی‌مهری و کم توجهی پژوهشگران روبرو شده است. هدف مطالعه‌ی حاضر، ترسیم نیمرخ مقایسه‌ای نگرش دانشجویان پزشکی دختر و پسر و رابطه‌ی آن با تمایل آن‌ها برای ادامه‌ی تحصیل در این رشته بود.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی مقطعی 130 دانشجوی پزشکی غیر میهمان مشغول به تحصیل در مقطع علوم پایه‌ی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد در سال تحصیلی 90-1389به کمک مقیاس خودایفای نگرش به روان‌پزشکی یا 30ATP--Burra غربال شدند. داده‌ها به کمک بسته‌ی نرم‌افزاری علوم اجتماعی ویرایش 16 بررسی شدند و با توجه به توزیع نرمال جمعیت با آزمون‌های Student-t، ANOVA و آزمون تعقیبی Tukey و رگرسیون خطی تجزیه و تحلیل شد.یافته‌ها: نرخ پاسخ افراد 07/83 درصد (108 نفر) بود. دانشجویان دختر در مقطع علوم پایه از نگرش مطلوب‌تری نسبت به پسران برخوردار بودند. همچنین تمایل آن‌ها نیز برای انتخاب این رشته‌ی تخصصی برای ادامه‌ی تحصیل بالاتر بود. اما نتایج آزمون تعقیبی Tukey مؤید این بود که تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری بین دانشجویان پسر و دختر مقطع علوم پایه در هیچ یک از مؤلفه‌های بررسی شده وجود نداشت. آزمون رگرسیون خطی نشان داد که از بین همه‌ی مؤلفه‌های مقیاس نگرش، مؤلفه‌ی پاداش‌های فردی و فرصت‌های شغلی روان‌پزشکی سهم بیشتری در شکل‌گیری نگرش دانشجویان نسبت به روان‌پزشکی داشت، اما با این وجود تمام پنج مؤلفه‌ توانستند تنها 09/0 درصد پدیده‌ی تمایل به انتخاب روان‌پزشکی را تبین نمایند.نتیجه‌گیری: هر چند شکل گیری نگرش دانشجویان دختر و پسر نسبت به روان‌پزشکی تا حدودی تابع جنسیت افراد بود، ولی ملاحظات اجتماعی، فرهنگی و گروهی نقش مهم‌تری داشت و در عمل، جنسیت نقش کارسازی نداشت. مشاهدات ما در این مطالعه این چنین القا می‌کند که در گزینش متقضیان رشته‌ی روان‌پزشکی ضمن توجه به ملاحظات جنسیتی، نگرش و انگیزه‌های افراد متقاضی را مد نظر قرار بگیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Attitudes of Medical Students in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences towards Psychiatry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Golamreza Ghassemi Toudehskchuie 1
  • Meghdad Rahmani 2
  • Masoud Nikfarjam 3
1 Associate Professor, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 General Practitioner, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: There is a dearth of literature in the Iranian context about medical students' attitude towards psychiatry and their desire to choose psychiatry as a career in future. Commonalities and differences in the attitudes of male and female medical students towards psychiatry and their interest in psychiatry were the themes of this study.Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, we screened the entire 1127 medical students registered at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran, during the academic year of 2011-12. The 29-item attitude towards psychiatry scale (ATP-30) (Burra et al.) was used. The reliability of the scale (Cronbach's alpha) has been calculated as 0.712. About 83% of the students (n = 130) returned the completed questionnaires. We used SPSS16 to analyze the data by descriptive and analytical tests including student-t, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Turkey's post hoc test, and linear regression.Findings: Female students held more positive attitudes toward psychiatry compared to their male counterparts. However, post hoc Tukey test results confirmed no significant differences between male and female students at the basic science of any of the studied component. Linear regression test showed that among all components of the attitude scale, the component of "Individual rewards and occupational opportunities of psychiatry" had a greater share in shaping students' attitudes toward psychiatry. However, all the five subscales of ATP-30 could only explain 0.09% of the students' interest in psychiatry.Conclusion: Gender differences play a key role in forming the attitudes of medical students towards psychiatry. However, they are subjected to numerous social, familial, economic and situational considerations which make the effects of gender insignificant. It might be a good idea to assess the attitudes of candidates towards psychiatry at the time of admission. Female candidates might also be preferred in this field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attitude
  • Psychiatry
  • Preference
  • Medical students
  • Gender
  • Iran

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 29، شماره 165 - شماره پیاپی 165
بهمن و اسفند 1390
صفحه 2177-2186

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 مهر 1390
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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