اثربخشی بازی‌های کنترل خشم بر علایم رفتاری و خشم کودکان بیش‌فعال/ نقص توجه

کاظمی, اکرم; نیک‌یار, حمیدرضا; نجفی, مصطفی

اثربخشی بازی‌های کنترل خشم بر علایم رفتاری و خشم کودکان بیش‌فعال/ نقص توجه

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ کارشناس ارشد، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف‌آباد، نجف‌آباد، ایران

² استادیار، گروه روان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف‌آباد، نجف‌آباد، ایران

³ دانشیار، گروه روان‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال بیش‌فعالی/ نقص توجه، شایع‌ترین اختلال عصبی- رفتاری دوران کودکی است که در سنین قبل از 7 سالگی تشخیص داده می‌شود و از آن جایی که خشم، بخشی از زندگی افراد است و باید به کودکان آموخت که چگونه با خشم خود کنار بیایند، این پژوهش با هدف تعیین اثربخشی بازی‌های کنترل خشم بر علایم رفتاری و خشم کودکان بیش‌فعال/ نقص توجه اجرا گردید.روش‌ها: مطالعه‌ی حاضر از نوع مورد-شاهدی و نیمه تجربی بود که به صورت پیش آزمون- پس آزمون انجام شد. جامعه‌ی آماری شامل 40 نفر دانش‌آموز 13-7 ساله‌ی بیش‌فعال/ نقص توجه مراجعه کننده به کلینیک روان‌پزشکی کودک و نوجوان شهر اصفهان ساکن نجف‌آباد بود که به صورت در دسترس انتخاب شدند و بعد از تأیید تشخیص توسط فوق تخصص روان‌پزشکی کودک و نوجوان به طور تصادفی در دو گروه مورد و شاهد قرار گرفتند. روش مداخله، شامل مجموعه بازی‌های کنترل خشم بود. ابزار پژوهش، شامل مجموعه‌ی پرسش‌نامه‌ی خشم در کودکان و پرسش‌نامه‌های توانایی‌ها و مشکلات والد و معلم بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل آماری ANCOVA و نرم‌افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: بین آزمودنی‌ها در گروه‌های مورد و شاهد از لحاظ نمره‌ی خشم، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت (001/0 = P و 990/6 = F). میزان تأثیر یا تفاوت برابر با 159/0 بود. همچنین، بین آزمودنی‌ها در گروه مورد و شاهد از لحاظ نمرات هیجانی، مشکلات رفتاری، بیش‌فعالی، مشکل با همتایان و مشکلات اجتماعی بر اساس نظر والدین یا معلمین تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت.نتیجه‌گیری: بازی‌های کنترل خشم، بر خشم و علایم رفتاری، هیجانی و ارتباطی کودکان بیش‌فعال/ نقص توجه اثر داشت. استفاده از این بازی‌ها، به دلیل سهولت استفاده‌ی کودکان و هزینه‌ی پایین، به عنوان روش‌های کمکی نوین توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Anger Management Games on Behavioral and Anger Symptoms of Children with Hyperactivity/Attention Deficit Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

Akram Kazemi ¹
Hamidreza Nikyar ²
Mostafa Najafi ³

¹ Department of Clinical Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background: Hyperactivity/attention deficit disorder is the most common neurobehavioral disorders in childhood usually diagnosed before the age of seven. Since anger is a part of the people's life, the children need to learn how to deal with their anger. This project was performed aiming to determine the effectiveness of anger management games on behavioral and anger symptoms of the children with hyperactivity/attention deficit disorder.Methods: This study is a semi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design conducted by using a control group. The statistical population includes 40 students aged between 7 and 13 with hyperactivity/attention deficit disorder in Najafabad, Iran referred to child and adolescent psychiatric clinic in Isfahan city (Iran). They were selected as in-available and after verifying the diagnosis by a child and adolescent subspecialist psychiatrist and placed in two test and control groups, randomly. The intervention method included a collection of Anger Management Games. The research tool included Children׳s Inventory of Anger Questionnaire as well as Parent and Teacher Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The data was analyzed through the statistical analysis method of covariance using SPSS software.Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the subjects in test and control groups in terms of anger scores (F = 6.99, P = 0,001). The value of impact or difference was 0.159. Moreover based on the parents’ or teachers’ views, there is a significant difference between subjects in test and control groups regarding emotional scores, behavioral problems, hyperactivity, problems with their peers, and social problems.Conclusion: Anger management games were effective on anger, behavioral, emotional and relational symptoms of children with hyperactivity/attention deficit disorder; utilizing these games as a novel supplementary method by the children is recommended due to the ease of use and low cost.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Hyperactivity/Attention deficit disorder (ADHD)
Anger management games
Behavioral symptoms

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