نقش انسولین در عملکردهای شناختی در سیستم مرکزی اعصاب

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو، گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی و کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات بیوسنسور و مرکز تحقیقات فیزیولوژی کاربردی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

پیش از این باورها بر این بود که انسولین تنها دارای عملکرد محیطی است و قادر به عبور از سد خونی- مغزی و تأثیر بر سیستم اعصاب مرکزی نیست. اما اکنون مشخص شده است که انسولین و گیرنده‌های آن در سیستم اعصاب مرکزی وجود دارند. این هورمون نه تنها از سد خونی- مغزی عبور می‌کند، بلکه ممکن است توسط نورون‌های مغز نیز سنتز ‌شود و به عنوان یک نوروپپتید نقش بارزی در تکامل و همچنین عملکردهای سیستم عصبی داشته باشد. کمبود این هورمون یا اختلال در گیرنده‌های مرکزی آن موجب آسیب جدی فرایندهای شناختی و از جمله یادگیری و حافظه می‌شود که ممکن است ناشی از اثرات غیر متابولیک آن باشد. هدف این مقاله‌ی مروری، نگاه کلی به نقش انسولین در رابطه با فرایندهای عصبی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Role of Insulin in Cognitive Functions of the Central Nervous System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeideh Davari 1
  • Parham Reisi 2
1 Student, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Biosensor Research Center AND Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

It was previously believed that insulin only has environmental performance and is not capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier or affecting the central nervous system. However, it is now clear that insulin and its receptors are present in the central nervous system. This hormone not only passes the blood-brain barrier, but may also be synthesized by neurons in the brain. As a neuropeptide, insulin is involved in the development and function of the nervous system. Deficiency of this hormone or dysfunction of its central receptors causes serious damage to cognitive processes including learning and memory. Such effects might be due to the non-metabolic effects of insulin. This study reviewed the role of insulin in neuronal processes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Insulin
  • Central nervous system
  • Learning
  • Memory
  • Diabetes

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 31، شماره 227 - شماره پیاپی 227
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1392
صفحه 224-236

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 آبان 1391
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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