مروری بر عوامل محیطی گسترش ویروس کرونا و نقش نیروهای بهداشتی در پیشگیری آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت و گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان،کاشان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: ویروس کرونا (Coronavirus) دارای قابلیت انتقال بالایی بوده، راه‌های متنوعی برای انتقال آن مطرح است. نیروهای بهداشتی باید همه‌ی راه‌های احتمالی انتقال را مورد توجه قرار دهند. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش عوامل محیطی در گسترش ویروس کرونا انجام گرفت.روش‌ها: این مطالعه به صورت مروری سیستماتیک به انجام رسید. مقالات، ابتدا با توجه به عنوان مرتبط با اهداف پژوهش انتخاب شده، سپس چکیده مقالات مطالعه و مقالات مرتبط تفکیک شدند. در نهایت با بررسی کامل مقالات، پژوهش‌های مرتبط با اهداف این مطالعه انتخاب گردید. در مجموع، تعداد 245 منبع مرور و در نهایت، 63 منبع انتخاب شد.یافته‌ها: ویروس کرونا از مسیرهای مختلف ممکن است منتقل شود. سطوح بی جان، آب و فاضلاب، هوا و دست‌های آلوده از این نظر اهمیت دارد. ویروس کرونا ممکن است روزها تا هفته‌ها در آب آلوده به مدفوع ناقل ویروس کرونا باقی بماند. بیشترین غلظت ویروس کرونا در هوای اتاق بیمارهای آلوده به ویروس بوده است. ویروس کرونا تا مدت‌ها در آب آلوده به مدفوع ناقل کرونا باقی می‌ماند و ممکن است به  افراد دیگر از این طریق منتقل شود.نتیجه‌گیری: برای جلوگیری از شیوع ویروس کرونا، تهویه‌ی مناسب، ضدعفونی اماکن عمومی، رعایت فاصله‌ی اجتماعی، توجه به بهداشت آب و پسماند و بهداشت فردی باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد. توجه به امر پیشگیری، دغدغه‌ی اصلی نیروهای بهداشتی است و به نقش این نیروها به عنوان اهرم اصلی در پیشگیری باید بیشتر توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of Environmental Factors for the Spread of Coronavirus and the Role of Expert Healthcare Workers in Prevention

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Akbari 1
  • Rouhullah Dehghani 2
  • Fatemeh Hammamian-Zavareh 1
1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
2 Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center AND Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Coronavirus has a high transmissibility, and there are various ways to transmit it. Health forces must consider all possible routes of transmission. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of environmental factors in the spread of coronavirus.Methods: This study was a systematic review. The articles were first selected according to the title related to the research objectives; then the abstract of the study articles and related articles were separated. Finally, after a thorough review of the articles, research related to the objectives of this study was selected. A total of 245 review sources were selected, and finally 63 sources were entered the study.Findings: The coronavirus can be transmitted in different ways. Inanimate surfaces, water and sewage, air, and contaminated hands are important in this regard. The corona virus may remain in the contaminated water of the carrier for days to weeks. The highest concentration of corona virus was in the room air of infected patients. The coronavirus stays in the water contaminated with the corona carrier for a long time, and may be transmitted to other people.Conclusion: Proper ventilation, disinfection of public places, observance of social distance, attention to water and waste hygiene, and personal hygiene should be considered to prevent the spread of coronavirus. Attention to prevention is the main concern of healthcare workers, and more attention should be paid to the role of them as the main lever in prevention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health
  • Coronavirus
  • Transmission
  • Environmental impacts

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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