مقدمه‌ای بر مهندسی بافت و پرکاربردترین داربست‌های مورد استفاده در آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات باروری و ناباروری، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، مرکز تحقیقات باروری و ناباروری، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات باروری و ناباروری، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی فن‌آوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

5 استادیار، گروه مهندسی بافت، دانشکده‌ی فن‌آوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: در دنیاى مدرن امروزى، انسان در معرض طیف وسیعى از بیمارى‌ها و آسیب‌هاى بافتی قرار دارد که برخى از آن‌ها با روش‌هاى رایج پزشکى غیر قابل درمان می‌باشند. در این آسیب‌ها، بخش وسیعى از بافت و عملکرد آن از بین می‌رود و مکانیسم‌هاى ترمیمی طبیعى بدن قادر به بازسازى آن نیستند. درمان چنین ضایعاتی، به عهده‌ی شاخه‌اى از علوم پزشکى موسوم به طب ترمیمى و مهندسی بافت است. یکى از ابزارهاى طب ترمیمى، پیوند سازه‌هاى شبه بافت مهندسى شده است. از آن جایی که مهم‌ترین جزء در مهندسی یک بافت، داربست آن است، هدف از انجام مقاله‌ی حاضر، معرفی مهندسی بافت و پرکاربردترین مواد و داربست‌های مورد استفاده در آن می‌باشد. مقاله‌ی حاضر با استفاده از مقالات جستجو شده در پایگاه‌های مختلف نظیر Pubmed، Scopus، Scientific Information Database (SID)، Springer، Medlib، SinceDirect، Magiran و موتور جستجوی Google scholar نگارش شده است. تحقیقات مختلف و نتایج بالینى به دست آمده، نشان می‌دهد که به کمک مهندسى بافت، می‌توان سازه‌هایی مشابه بافت‌های طبیعی طراحى کرد. این سازه‌ها، از سه جزء داربست، سلول و عوامل رشد ساخته می‌شوند. در ساخت این سازه‌ها، طراحى داربست ایده‌آل با خواص و استحکام مکانیکى مطلوب اهمیت زیادی دارد که وابسته به نوع ماده و روش ساخت آن است. پزشکی بازساختی و مهندسی بافت، در بازسازی یا جایگزینی بافت‌های آسیب دیده، اقدامی موفقیت‌آمیز و مورد نیاز می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Introduction to Tissue Engineering and the Most Widely Used Scaffolds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Ghanbari 1
  • Leila Naseri 2
  • Mozafar Khazaei 3
  • Mohsen Akbari 2
  • Fatemeh Elahian 4
  • Seyed Abbas Mirzaei 4
  • Akram Alizadeh 5
1 Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
2 PhD Student, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: In today’s world, humankind is exposed upon a wide spectrum of diseases and tissue damages, which some of them are untreatable with current medical approaches. The untreated damaged tissues encompasses a widespread of destroyed parts with loss function in which natural repair mechanisms are not able to reconstruct them. Therefore, remedy for these lesions is related to a branch of medical sciences called regenerative medicine. One of the tools in regenerative medicine is transplantation of tissue-like structures via tissue engineering. We searched several databases such as PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), Springer, Medline, Magiran, ScienceDirect, and Sivilica, and used Google Scholar search engine to find the articles in this issue. Different researches and clinical results show that with the help of tissue engineering, structures similar to natural tissues for repair can be designed. These structures are made up of three parts of scaffold, cell, and growth factors. In the construction of these structures, the design of ideal scaffold with the desired properties and mechanical strength is important, depending on the type of material and method of its construction. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are successful and necessary in repairing or replacing damaged tissues.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Regenerative medicine
  • Tissue engineering
  • Tissue scaffolding

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 36، شماره 488 - شماره پیاپی 488
مرداد و شهریور 1397
صفحه 823-837

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