The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Psychosis among Hemodialysis patients in Nour and Ali Asghar Hospitals in Isfahan

Document Type : Original Article(s)

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Genaeral Practitioner, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: Considering the increasing rate of chronic renal failure in Iran and the high prevalence of depression and anxiety among these patients, the aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and psychosis among hemodialysis patients of Nour and Ali Asghar Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: In this descriptive, analytic cross-sectional study, all hemodialysis patients who referred to Nour and Ali Asghar Hospitals were evaluated. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and psychosis was determined using the standard SCL-90-R questionnaire.Findings: A total number of 196 patients (132 male and 64 female) were studied. The overall rate of physiological problems was 69.9%. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and psychosis among hemodialysis patients was 50%, 12.2% and 0%, respectively. The prevalence of physiological problems were higher in patients aged < 25 years and >75 years (P < 0.05). The prevalence of physiological problems in male and female patients was 69.9% and 84.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). There was not a significant relationship between the prevalence of physiological problems and the duration of dialysis. However, there was a significant relationship between the mentioned problems and the frequency of dialysis (per week). Conclusion: Regarding the high prevalence of depression and anxiety in our studied population, further studies are recommended to determine the proper methods for early diagnosis and screening of depression and anxiety among hemodialysis patients. In addition, patients need to be educated about the methods of prevention and controlling these disorders.

Keywords

References

  1. Sarafino EP. Health Psychology. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc (August 19, 2004); 2004.
  2. Zamanzadeh V, Heidarzadeh M, Oshvandi Kh, Lakdizaji S. Relationship Between Quality of Life and Social Support in Hemodialysis Patients in Imam Khomeini and Sina Educational Hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2007; 29(1): 49-54 [Persian].
  3. Daugirdas JT, Blake PG, Ing TS. Handbook of Dialysis. 4th ed. Boston: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006.
  4. Feroze U, Martin D, Reina-Patton A, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD. Mental health, depression, and anxiety in patients on maintenance dialysis. Iran J Kidney Dis 2010; 4(3): 173-80.
  5. Drayer RA, Piraino B, Reynolds CF, III, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Bernardini J, et al. Characteristics of depression in hemodialysis patients: symptoms, quality of life and mortality risk. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2006; 28(4): 306-12.
  6. Levy NB. Psychopharmacology in patients with renal failure. Int J Psychiatry Med 1990; 20(4): 325-34.
  7. Hedayati SS, Finkelstein FO. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of depression in patients with CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 54(4): 741-52.
  8. Chilcot J, Wellsted D, Da Silva-Gane M, Farrington K. Depression on dialysis. Nephron Clin Pract 2008; 108(4): c256-c264.
  9. Modanlou M, Taziki SA, Khoddam H, Behnampour N. Relationship between depression and associated demographic factors in patients on haemodialysis. J Gorgan Uni Med Sci 2005; 7(1): 47-50.
  10. Cukor D, Coplan J, Brown C, Friedman S, Cromwell-Smith A, Peterson RA, et al. Depression and anxiety in urban hemodialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 2(3): 484-90.
  11. Nazemian F, Ghafari F, Pourghaznin T. Evaluation of depression and anxiety in hemodialysis patients. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2008; 51(3): 171-6 [Persian].
  12. Einollahi B, Taheri S. Renal transplantation practice in Iran and the Middle East: report from Iran and a review of the literature. Ann Transplant 2008; 13(1): 5-14.
  13. Monfared A, Safaei A, Panahandeh Z, Nemati L. Incidence of end-stage renal disease in Guilan Province, Iran, 2005 to 2007. Iran J Kidney Dis 2009; 3(4): 239-41 [Persian].
  14. Mokhtari N, Nasiri M, Mashuuf T, Kazemnejad EA. comparative study on health related quality of life in hemodialysis patients and healthy people. J Health Manag 2006; 25(9): 55-62 [Persian].
  15. Mirzaie R. Validity and Reliability of SCL-90-R in Iran [Thesis]. Tehran: Tehran Psychiatric Institute; 1981. p. 85-95.
  16. Aben I, Verhey F, Lousberg R, Lodder J, Honig A. Validity of the beck depression inventory, hospital anxiety and depression scale, SCL-90, and hamilton depression rating scale as screening instruments for depression in stroke patients. Psychosomatics 2002; 43(5): 386-93.
  17. Cano A, Sprafkin RP, Scaturo DJ, Lantinga LJ, Fiese BH, Brand F. Mental Health Screening in Primary Care: A Comparison of 3 Brief Measures of Psychological Distress. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 3(5): 206-10.
  18. Welch JL, Austin JK. Factors associated with treatment-related stressors in hemodialysis patients. ANNA J 1999; 26(3): 318-25.
  19. Cukor D, Coplan J, Brown C, Friedman S, Newville H, Safier M, et al. Anxiety disorders in adults treated by hemodialysis: a single-center study. Am J Kidney Dis 2008; 52(1): 128-36.
  20. Cukor D, Coplan J, Brown C, Peterson RA, Kimmel PL. Course of depression and anxiety diagnosis in patients treated with hemodialysis: a 16-month follow-up. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 3(6): 1752-8.
  21. Zouari L, Elleuch M, Feki I, Allouch C, Yaich S, Ben TJ, et al. [Depression in chronic hemodialysis patients: report of 106 cases]. Tunis Med 2011; 89(2): 157-62.
  22. Cengic B, Resic H. Depression in hemodialysis patients. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2010; 10 Suppl 1: S73-S78.
  23. Dumitrescu AL, Garneata L, Guzun O. Anxiety, stress, depression, oral health status and behaviours in Romanian hemodialysis patients. Rom J Intern Med 2009; 47(2): 161-8.
  24. Mollahadi M, Tayyebi A, Ebadi A, Daneshmandi M. Comparison between anxiety, depression and stress in hemodialysis and kidney transplantation patients. Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing 2010; 2(4): 153-6 [Persian].
  25. Norouzinejad GH, Radan K, Hosseinipour M. Prevalence of depression in hemodialysis patients refered to hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. Sci Med J Ahvaz Jundishapur Uni Med Sci 2007; 6(2): 147-52.
  26. Weisbord SD, Fried LF, Unruh ML, Kimmel PL, Switzer GE, Fine MJ, et al. Associations of race with depression and symptoms in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22(1): 203-8.
  27. Levy NB. Psychological reactions to machine dependency: hemodialysis. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1981; 4(2): 351-63.
  28. Raisi F, Nasehi A, Ekhtiari M. Frequency of depression in hemodialysis patients in imam khomeini hospital. Advances in Cognitive Science 2005; 7(2): 55-9 [Persian].
  29. Masoudi Alavi N, Sharifi KH, Aliakbarzadeh Z. Depression and anxiety in patients undertaken renal replacement therapy in Kashan during 2008. FEYZ 2009; 12(4): 46-51 [In Persian].
  30. Cole MG, Dendukuri N. Risk factors for depression among elderly community subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160(6): 1147-56.
  31. Afshar R, Ghaedi GH, Sanavi S, Davati A, Rajabpour AA. Prevalence of depression and its related factors in patients undergong hemodialysis. Bimonthly Journal of Shahed University 2010; 88: 59-66. [In Persian]
  32. Akman B, Ozdemir FN, Sezer S, Micozkadioglu H, Haberal M. Depression levels before and after renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 2004; 36(1): 111-3.
  33. Kimmel PL. Depression in patients with chronic renal disease: what we know and what we need to know. J Psychosom Res 2002; 53(4): 951-6.
  34. Lopes GB, Matos CM, Leite EB, Martins MT, Martins MS, Silva LF, et al. Depression as a potential explanation for gender differences in health-related quality of life among patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Nephron Clin Pract 2010; 115(1): c35-c40.
  35. O'Donnell K, Chung JY. The diagnosis of major depression in end-stage renal disease. Psychother Psychosom 1997; 66(1): 38-43.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 29, Issue 162 - Serial Number 162
September and October 2012
Pages 1918-1926

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 June 2011
  • Revise Date: 28 May 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics