Identification of Candida Species Isolated from Candiduria Patients Using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Isfahan, Iran

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 MSc Student, Department of Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan Iran

Abstract

Background: Disseminated candidiasis, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, and consumption of widespread antibiotics are predisposing factors of urinary tract infections due to Candida species. The prevalence of non-albicans species is increasing. The aim of the present study is to identify Candida spp. isolated from candiduria patients in Isfahan, Iran using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.Methods: The genomic DNA was extracted by fast technology for analysis-card (FTA-card). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 region then PCR products were digested with MspI restriction enzyme. PCR and RFLP products were revealed on 1.5 and 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively.Findings: Out of 3200 urine samples 80 samples with more than 104 CFU/ml were involved in this study. Patients including 4 (5%) were males and 76 patients (95%) were females. Predisposing factors were diabetes (47.5%), urinary tract infection (38.8%) and kidney stone (5.0%). The colony count of 46.3% of the urine samples were with 50×103-99×103 CFU/ml. Candida glabrata was the most prevalent species among isolates (41.3%).Conclusion: Increasing of non-albicans Candida species and drug resistance of isolates are main challenges of Candida infection treatment particularly in patients with diabetes and urinary infections. Identification of Candida species is inevitable for better management of infection.

Keywords

References

  1. Lundstrom T, Sobel J. Nosocomial candiduria: a review. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32(11): 1602-7.
  2. Seifi Z, Azish M, Salehi Z, Zarei MA, Shamsizadeh A. Candiduria in children and susceptibility patterns of recovered Candida species to antifungal drugs in Ahvaz. J Nephropathol 2013; 2(2): 122-8.
  3. Bukhary ZA. Candiduria: a review of clinical significance and management. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2008; 19(3): 350-60.
  4. Singla N, Gulati N, Kaistha N, Chander J. Candida colonization in urine samples of ICU patients: determination of etiology, antifungal susceptibility testing and evaluation of associated risk factors. Mycopathologia 2012; 174(2): 149-55.
  5. Goldberg PK, Kozinn PJ, Wise GJ, Nouri N, Brooks RB. Incidence and significance of candiduria. JAMA 1979; 241(6): 582-4.
  6. Yashavanth R, Shiju MP, Bhaskar UA, Ronald R, Anita KB. Candiduria: prevalence and trends in antifungal susceptibility in a tertiary care hospital of mangalore. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7(11): 2459-61.
  7. Padawer D, Pastukh N, Nitzan O, Labay K, Aharon I, Brodsky D, et al. Catheter-associated candiduria: Risk factors, medical interventions, and antifungal susceptibility. Am J Infect Control 2015; 43(7): e19-e22.
  8. Goetz LL, Howard M, Cipher D, Revankar SG. Occurrence of candiduria in a population of chronically catheterized patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2010; 48(1): 51-4.
  9. Yang YL, Li SY, Cheng HH, Lo HJ. The trend of susceptibilities to amphotericin B and fluconazole of Candida species from 1999 to 2002 in Taiwan. BMC Infect Dis 2005; 5: 99.
  10. Fisher JF, Sobel JD, Kauffman CA, Newman CA. Candida urinary tract infections--treatment. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 52 Suppl 6: S457-S466.
  11. Fraisse T, Crouzet J, Lachaud L, Durand A, Charachon S, Lavigne JP, et al. Candiduria in those over 85 years old: a retrospective study of 73 patients. Intern Med 2011; 50(18): 1935-40.
  12. Borman AM, Linton CJ, Miles SJ, Campbell CK, Johnson EM. Ultra-rapid preparation of total genomic DNA from isolates of yeast and mould using Whatman FTA filter paper technology - a reusable DNA archiving system. Med Mycol 2006; 44(5): 389-98.
  13. Mirhendi H, Makimura K, Khoramizadeh M, Yamaguchi H. A one-enzyme PCR-RFLP assay for identification of six medically important Candida species. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 2006; 47(3): 225-9.
  14. Nademi A, Shahrokh H, Kordbacheh P, Zaini F, Rezaie S, Mahmoudi M, et al. Identification and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species isolated from patients with nosocomial candiduria. Journal of Mycology Research 2015; 2(2): 77-84.
  15. Farasat A, Ghahri M, Mirhendi H, Beiraghi S. Identification of candida species screened from catheter using patients with PCR-RFLP method. Eur J Exp Biol 2012; 2(3): 651-6.
  16. Zarei-Mahmoudabadi A, Zarrin M, Ghanatir F, Vazirianzadeh B. Candiduria in hospitalized patients in teaching hospitals of Ahvaz. Iran J Microbiol 2012; 4(4): 198-203.
  17. Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Ranjbar R. Urinary tract infections and Candida albicans. Cent European J Urol 2015; 68(1): 96-101.
  18. Guler S, Ural O, Findik D, Arslan U. Risk factors for nosocomial candiduria. Saudi Med J 2006; 27(11): 1706-10.
  19. Safdar N, Slattery WR, Knasinski V, Gangnon RE, Li Z, Pirsch JD, et al. Predictors and outcomes of candiduria in renal transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40(10): 1413-21.
  20. Zaini F, Azordegan F, Chabavizadeh J. Study of fungal infection in urine. Iran J Public Health 1993; 22(1-4): 13-31.
  21. Manzano-Gayosso P, Hernandez-Hernandez F, Zavala-Velasquez N, Mendez-Tovar LJ, Naquid-Narvaez JM, Torres-Rodriguez JM, et al. Candiduria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its clinical significance. Candida spp. antifungal susceptibility. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2008; 46(6): 603-10. [In Spanish].
  22. Fidel PL, Jr., Vazquez JA, Sobel JD. Candida glabrata: review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical disease with comparison to C. albicans. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 12(1): 80-96.
  23. Kauffman CA. Candiduria. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41(Suppl 6): S371-S376.
  24. Cirak MY, Kalkanci A, Kustimur S. Use of molecular methods in identification of Candida species and evaluation of fluconazole resistance. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2003; 98(8): 1027-32.
  25. Capoor MR, Nair D, Deb M, Verma PK, Srivastava L, Aggarwal P. Emergence of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance in a tertiary care hospital. Jpn J Infect Dis 2005; 58(6): 344-8.
  26. Mohammadi R, Mirhendi H, Hossein Yadegari MH, Shadzi S, Jalalizand N. Identification and frequency of candida species in patients with different forms of candidiasis in Isfahan, using PCR-RFLP method. J Isfahan Med Sch 2011; 29(133): 336-43. [In Persian].
  27. Achkar JM, Fries BC. Candida infections of the genitourinary tract. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23(2): 253-73.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 34, Issue 381 - Serial Number 381
March and April 2016
Pages 484-490

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 09 February 2016
  • Revise Date: 01 June 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics