A Study of the Prevalence and Antibacterial Resistance of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in Keratitis Infections following the use of Soft Contact Lenses

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department Optalmology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 PhD Student, Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

5 Department of Management of Health Care Services, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibacterial resistance of coagulase negative staphylococci in keratitis infections after using soft contact lenses in patients admitted at Feiz hospital, Isfahan Iran, in 2013.Methods: In this study, 77 patients with keratitis were examined. The samples were cultured and isolation of coagulase negative staphylococcus was done using phenotypic tests and in-vitro sensitivity testing was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion susceptibility method.Findings: 38 isolates were conveniently identified as coagulase negative staphylococci. 27 samples (71.1%) were resistant to penicillin, 21 (55.3%) to erythromycin, and 16 (42.1%), to tetracycline. All the isolates (100%) were sensitive to gentamicin, 36 isolates (94.7%) were sensitive to chloramphenicol, and 33 (86.8%) to ciprofloxacin. Resistance to cefoxitin was seen in 7 (18.4%).Conclusion: Results of this study showed that coagulase negative staphylococci were the most common agents causing contact-lens-related microbial keratitis. In addition, gentamycin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin were more suitable than other antibacterial agents against this type of bacteria.

Keywords

References

  1. Barr JT. Contact Lenses 2005 [Online]. [cited 2006 Jan 1]; Available from: URL:http://www.clspectrum.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleid=12913
  2. Willcox MD, Harmis N, Cowell, Williams T, Holden. Bacterial interactions with contact lenses; effects of lens material, lens wear and microbial physiology. Biomaterials 2001; 22(24): 3235-47.
  3. Wu YT, Zhu H, Harmis NY, Iskandar SY, Willcox M, Stapleton F. Profile and frequency of microbial contamination of contact lens cases. Optom Vis Sci 2010; 87(3): E152-8.
  4. Seal DV, Kirkness CM, Bennett HG, Peterson M. Population-based cohort study of microbial keratitis in Scotland: incidence and features. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 1999; 22(2): 49-57.
  5. Dart JK. Predisposing factors in microbial keratitis: the significance of contact lens wear. Br J Ophthalmol 1988; 72(12): 926-30.
  6. Sankaridurg PR, Sharma S, Willcox M, Sweeney DF, Naduvilath TJ, Holden BA, et al. Colonization of hydrogel lenses with Streptococcus pneumoniae: risk of development of corneal infiltrates. Cornea 1999; 18(3): 289-95.
  7. Weissman BA, Mondino BJ. Risk factors for contact lens associated microbial keratitis. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2002; 25(1): 3-9.
  8. Lee AC, Cabrera EC. Microbial contamination of the lens care system. Acta Manilana. Acta Manilana 1996; 44: 23-30.
  9. Manikandan P, Bhaskar M, Revathy R, John RK, Narendran K, Narendran V. Speciation of coagulase negative staphylococcus causing bacterial keratitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2005; 53(1): 59-60.
  10. Pinna A, Zanetti S, Sotgiu M, Sechi LA, Fadda G, Carta F. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated in corneal/external infections. Br J Ophthalmol 1999; 83(7): 771-3.
  11. Elder MJ, Stapleton F, Evans E, Dart JK. Biofilm-related infections in ophthalmology. Eye (Lond) 1995; 9(Pt 1): 102-9.
  12. Rahim M, Bano H, Naqvi B. Sensitivity pattern of bacteria isolated from contact lens wearers in the faculty of pharmacy, Karachi University Student Population. Iran J Pharm Res 2008; 7(2): 131-4.
  13. Pachigolla G, Blomquist P, Cavanagh HD. Microbial keratitis pathogens and antibiotic susceptibilities: a 5-year review of cases at an urban county hospital in north Texas. Eye Contact Lens 2007; 33(1): 45-9.
  14. Shaharuddin B, Chan KW, Noor SSM, Embong Z. Bacterial colonization of hydrogel disposable contactlenses. Int J Ophthalmol 2009; 2(2): 158-61.
  15. Wikler MA, Cockerill FR, Craig WA, Dudley MN, Eliopoulos GM, Hecht DW, et al. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; seventeenth informational supplement. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2012; 27(1).
  16. Liesegang TJ. Use of antimicrobials to prevent postoperative infection in patients with cataracts. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2001; 12(1): 68-74.
  17. World Health Organization. WHONET Software [Online]. [cited 1989]; Available from: URL: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/whonetsoftware/en/
  18. Moriyama AS, Hofling-Lima AL. Contact lens-associated microbial keratitis. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2008; 71(6 Suppl): 32-6.
  19. Stapleton F, Edwards K, Keay L, Naduvilath T, Dart JK, Brian G, et al. Risk factors for moderate and severe microbial keratitis in daily wear contact lens users. Ophthalmology 2012; 119(8): 1516-21.
  20. Lam DS, Houang E, Fan DS, Lyon D, Seal D, Wong E. Incidence and risk factors for microbial keratitis in Hong Kong: comparison with Europe and North America. Eye (Lond) 2002; 16(5): 608-18.
  21. Cheng KH, Leung SL, Hoekman HW, Beekhuis WH, Mulder PG, Geerards AJ, et al. Incidence of contact-lens-associated microbial keratitis and its related morbidity. Lancet 1999; 354(9174): 181-5.
  22. Houang E, Lam D, Fan D, Seal D. Microbial eratitis in Hong Kong: relationship to climate, environment and contact-lens disinfection. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001; 95(4): 361-7.
  23. Amer AM, Reeks G, Rahman MQ, Butcher I, Ramaesh K. The patterns of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of bacterial keratitis isolates in Glasgow, United Kingdom. Clin Exp Optom 2010; 93(5): 354-9.
  24. Aghadoost D, Khorshidi A. Antibiotic resistance patterns of ocular surface bacterial flora. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005; 2(3): 129-32.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 277 - Serial Number 277
January and February 2014
Pages 273-281

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 10 December 2013
  • Revise Date: 02 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics