Effect of Crocin on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Metabolic syndrome Research center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Physiology AND Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are among important gastrointestinal diseases in human and include ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Although the prevalence of these diseases in developed countries is high, however, their prevalence is increasing in developing countries such as Iran, too. Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases at the early stages is very important because of chronic inflammation and its complications on different parts of the body. One of the most important consequences of chronic inflammation is colitis-induced colon cancer. Saffron is a traditionally herbal drug used by people in Asia especially Iran. It has several beneficial effects on the body especially as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the effect of crocin on inflammation process especially in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Keywords

References

  1. Sartor RB. Mechanisms of disease: pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 3(7): 390-407.
  2. Cui X, Jin Y, Hofseth AB, Pena E, Habiger J, Chumanevich A, et al. Resveratrol suppresses colitis and colon cancer associated with colitis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2010; 3(4): 549-59.
  3. Rana SV, Sharma S, Prasad KK, Sinha SK, Singh K. Role of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence in ulcerative colitis patients from north India. Indian J Med Res 2014; 139(4): 568-71.
  4. Tamai H, Kachur JF, Grisham MB, Gaginella TS. Scavenging effect of 5-aminosalicylic acid on neutrophil-derived oxidants. Possible contribution to the mechanism of action in inflammatory bowel disease. Biochem Pharmacol 1991; 41(6-7): 1001-6.
  5. De Rosa M, Rega D, Costabile V, Duraturo F, Niglio A, Izzo P, et al. The biological complexity of colorectal cancer: insights into biomarkers for early detection and personalized care. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2016; 9(6): 861-86.
  6. Abdullaev FI, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. Biomedical properties of saffron and its potential use in cancer therapy and chemoprevention trials. Cancer Detect Prev 2004; 28(6): 426-32.
  7. Bhandari PR. Crocus sativus L. (saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: a mini review. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 5(2): 81-7.
  8. Garodia P, Ichikawa H, Malani N, Sethi G, Aggarwal BB. From ancient medicine to modern medicine: ayurvedic concepts of health and their role in inflammation and cancer. J Soc Integr Oncol 2007; 5(1): 25-37.
  9. Mollazadeh H, Emami SA, Hosseinzadeh H. Razi's Al-Hawi and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2015; 18(12): 1153-66.
  10. Hosseinzadeh H, Nassiri-Asl M. Avicenna's (Ibn Sina) the Canon of Medicine and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Phytother Res 2013; 27(4): 475-83.
  11. Talaei A, Hassanpour MM, Sajadi Tabassi SA, Mohajeri SA. Crocin, the main active saffron constituent, as an adjunctive treatment in major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial. J Affect Disord 2015; 174: 51-6.
  12. Khorasany AR, Hosseinzadeh H. Therapeutic effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in digestive disorders: a review. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2016; 19(5): 455-69.
  13. Alavizadeh SH, Hosseinzadeh H. Bioactivity assessment and toxicity of crocin: a comprehensive review. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 64: 65-80.
  14. El-Beshbishy HA, Hassan MH, Aly HA, Doghish AS, Alghaithy AA. Crocin "saffron" protects against beryllium chloride toxicity in rats through diminution of oxidative stress and enhancing gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2012; 83: 47-54.
  15. Asgharzadeh F, Rouzbahani R, Khazaei M. Chronic low-grade inflammation: etiology and its effects. J Isfahan Med Sch 2016; 34(379): 408-21. [In Persian].
  16. Ochiai T, Soeda S, Ohno S, Tanaka H, Shoyama Y, Shimeno H. Crocin prevents the death of PC-12 cells through sphingomyelinase-ceramide signaling by increasing glutathione synthesis. Neurochem Int 2004; 44(5): 321-30.
  17. Nam KN, Park YM, Jung HJ, Lee JY, Min BD, Park SU, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of crocin and crocetin in rat brain microglial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 648(1-3): 110-6.
  18. Sugama S, Takenouchi T, Cho BP, Joh TH, Hashimoto M, Kitani H. Possible roles of microglial cells for neurotoxicity in clinical neurodegenerative diseases and experimental animal models. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2009; 8(4): 277-84.
  19. Poma A, Fontecchio G, Carlucci G, Chichiricco G. Anti-inflammatory properties of drugs from saffron crocus. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2012; 11(1): 37-51.
  20. Asdaq SM, Inamdar MN. Potential of Crocus sativus (saffron) and its constituent, crocin, as hypolipidemic and antioxidant in rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162(2): 358-72.
  21. Papandreou MA, Tsachaki M, Efthimiopoulos S, Cordopatis P, Lamari FN, Margarity M. Memory enhancing effects of saffron in aged mice are correlated with antioxidant protection. Behav Brain Res 2011; 219(2): 197-204.
  22. Rahaiee S, Moini S, Hashemi M, Shojaosadati SA. Evaluation of antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds and various extracts obtained from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): a review. J Food Sci Technol 2015; 52(4): 1881-8.
  23. Verma SK, Bordia A. Antioxidant property of Saffron in man. Indian J Med Sci 1998; 52(5): 205-7.
  24. Tamaddonfard E, Farshid AA, Eghdami K, Samadi F, Erfanparast A. Comparison of the effects of crocin, safranal and diclofenac on local inflammation and inflammatory pain responses induced by carrageenan in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 65(5): 1272-80.
  25. Amin B, Abnous K, Motamedshariaty V, Hosseinzadeh H. Attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis by ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Crocus sativus L. stigma after chronic constriction injury of rats. An Acad Bras Cienc 2014; 86(4): 1821-32.
  26. Kazi HA, Qian Z. Crocetin reduces TNBS-induced experimental colitis in mice by downregulation of NFkB. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(3): 181-7.
  27. Kawabata K, Tung NH, Shoyama Y, Sugie S, Mori T, Tanaka T. Dietary crocin inhibits colitis and colitis-associated colorectal carcinogenesis in male ICR mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012; 2012: 820415.
  28. Fatehi M, Rashidabady T, Fatehi-Hassanabad Z. Effects of Crocus sativus petals' extract on rat blood pressure and on responses induced by electrical field stimulation in the rat isolated vas deferens and guinea-pig ileum. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 84(2-3): 199-203.
  29. Hosseinzadeh H, Younesi HM. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocus sativus L. stigma and petal extracts in mice. BMC Pharmacol 2002; 2: 7.
  30. Tamaddonfard E, Farshid AA, Eghdami K, Samadi F, Erfanparast A. Comparison of the effects of crocin, safranal and diclofenac on local inflammation and inflammatory pain responses induced by carrageenan in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 65(5): 1272-80.
  31. Amin B, Abnous K, Motamedshariaty V, Hosseinzadeh H. Attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis by ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Crocus sativus L. stigma after chronic constriction injury of rats. An Acad Bras Cienc 2014; 86(4): 1821-32.
  32. Nasri S, Hosseini SY, Sahraei H, Zardooz H. Inhibition of pain and inflamation induced by formalin in male mice by ethanolic extract of saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents; crocin and safranal. Kowsar Med J 2011; 15(4): 189-95. [In Prsian].
  33. Ding Q, Zhong H, Qi Y, Cheng Y, Li W, Yan S, et al. Anti-arthritic effects of crocin in interleukin-1beta-treated articular chondrocytes and cartilage in a rabbit osteoarthritic model. Inflamm Res 2013; 62(1): 17-25.
  34. Hemshekhar M, Sebastin SM, Sunitha K, Thushara RM, Kemparaju K, Rangappa KS, et al. A dietary colorant crocin mitigates arthritis and associated secondary complications by modulating cartilage deteriorating enzymes, inflammatory mediators and antioxidant status. Biochimie 2012; 94(12): 2723-33.
  35. Ghazavi A, Mosayebi G, Salehi H, Abtahi H. Effect of ethanol extract of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on the inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57bl/6 mice. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12(9): 690-5.
  36. Bukhari SI, Pattnaik B, Rayees S, Kaul S, Dhar MK. Safranal of Crocus sativus L. inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and attenuates asthma in a mouse model of asthma. Phytother Res 2015; 29(4): 617-27.
  37. Aung HH, Wang CZ, Ni M, Fishbein A, Mehendale SR, Xie JT, et al. Crocin from Crocus sativus possesses significant anti-proliferation effects on human colorectal cancer cells. Exp Oncol 2007; 29(3): 175-80.
  38. Ray P, Guha D, Chakraborty J, Banerjee S, Adhikary A, Chakraborty S, et al. Crocetin exploits p53-induced death domain (PIDD) and FAS-associated death domain (FADD) proteins to induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 32979.
  39. Garcia-Olmo DC, Riese HH, Escribano J, Ontanon J, Fernandez JA, Atienzar M, et al. Effects of long-term treatment of colon adenocarcinoma with crocin, a carotenoid from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): an experimental study in the rat. Nutr Cancer 1999; 35(2): 120-6.
  40. Rastgoo M, Hosseinzadeh H, Alavizadeh H, Abbasi A, Ayati Z, Jaafari MR. Antitumor activity of PEGylated nanoliposomes containing crocin in mice bearing C26 colon carcinoma. Planta Med 2013; 79(6): 447-51.
  41. Salehi E, Amjadi FT, Khazaei M. Angiogenesis in Health and disease: role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). J Isfahan Med Sch 2011; 29(132): 312-26. [In Persian].
  42. El-Kharrag R, Amin A, Hisaindee S, Greish Y, Karam SM. Development of a therapeutic model of precancerous liver using crocin-coated magnetite nanoparticles. Int J Oncol 2017; 50(1): 212-22.
  43. Tahergorabi Z, Khazaei M. The relationship between inflammatory markers, angiogenesis, and obesity. ARYA Atheroscler 2013; 9(4): 247-53.
  44. Tahergorabi Z, Khazaei M, Moodi M, Chamani E. From obesity to cancer: a review on proposed mechanisms. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34(8): 533-45.
  45. Rostami A, Khazaei M. Inflammation and angiogenesis: role of inflammatory cells and mediators. J Isfahan Med Sch 2016; 34(384): 612-22. [In Persian].
  46. Olivier S, Robe P, Bours V. Can NF-kappaB be a target for novel and efficient anti-cancer agents? Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72(9): 1054-68.
  47. Khor TO, Huang MT, Kwon KH, Chan JY, Reddy BS, Kong AN. Nrf2-deficient mice have an increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Cancer Res 2006; 66(24): 11580-4.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 34, Issue 414 - Serial Number 414
November and December 2017
Pages 1640-1647

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 11 December 2016
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics