The Relative Frequency of Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Hepatitis B Referring to Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan, Iran

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine And Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Student of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 Researcher, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

5 Specialist in Community Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

6 Student of Medicine, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B is one of the common liver diseases. It also affects mental and social aspects of life.Methods: In this cross- sectional study, patients affected with chronic hepatitis B who referred to Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan, Iran were studied. After filling a validated questionnaire including demographics and information related to depression and anxiety, the data was analyzed.Findings: Among 107 patients with chronic hepatitis B (78 males and 29 females with mean age of 39 ± 13 years), none had depression and only 2.8% suffered from anxiety.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that patients with chronic hepatitis B do not have depression. One of the causes might be inadequate information about the disease. Such lack of information needs to be taken care of by physicians and authorities. 

Keywords


  1. Ebrahimi Daryani N, Bashashati M, Karbalaeian M, Keramati MR, Ebrahimi Daryani N, Shadman Yazdi AA. Prevalence of disorders in hepatitis B Virus carriers in Iranian charity for hepatic patients support. Hepatitis Monthly 2008; 8(3): 201-5.
  2. Fauci A, Braunwald E, kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. New York: Mc Graw-Hill; 2008.
  3. Alavian SM, Fallahian F, Lankarani KB. The changing epidemiology of viral hepatitis B in Iran. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2007; 16(4): 403-6.
  4. Alavian SM, Tavallaii SA, Hoseini SM, Hedayati MR, Sepehrinia A. Prevalence of depression in chronic Hepatitis B and C patients treated with Interferon. Kowsar Medical Journal 2007; 12(2): 161-7.
  5. Ong SC, Mak B, Aung MO, Li SC, Lim SG. Health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis B patients. Hepatology 2008; 47(4): 1108-17.
  6. Atesci FC, Cetin BC, Oguzhanoglu NK, Karadag F, Turgut H. Psychiatric disorders and functioning in hepatitis B virus carriers. Psychosomatics 2005; 46(2): 142-7.
  7. Altindag A, Cadirci D, Sirmatel F. Depression and health related quality of life in non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients and hepatitis B carriers. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2009; 14(1): 56-9.
  8. Weinstein AA, Kallman PJ, Stepanova M, Poms LW, Fang Y, Moon J, et al. Depression in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis B and C. Psychosomatics 2011; 52(2): 127-32.
  9. Karaivazoglou K, Iconomou G, Triantos C, Hyphantis T, Thomopoulos K, Lagadinou M, et al. Fatigue and depressive symptoms associated with chronic viral hepatitis patients. health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Ann Hepatol 2010; 9(4): 419-27.
  10. Steel J, Carney M, Carr BI, Baum A. The role of psychosocial factors in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Hypotheses 2004; 62(1): 86-94.
  11. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Kaplan and Sadock's Concise Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
  12. Alavaian SM, Tavallaii SA, Aziz Abadi Farahani M, Khoddami-Vishteh HR, Bagheri Lankarani K. Evaluation of the severity of depression and anxiety in hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients: a case control study. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Disease 2007; 2(3): 113-9.
  13. Shi XH, Xun J, Wang SP, Zhang J. Study on depression in 212 patients with viral hepatitis. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2009; 30(10): 1060-4.
  14. Beck AT. Beck Depression Inventory: Manual. San Antonion: The Psychological Corporation; 1996.
  15. Zung WW. A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics 1971; 12(6): 371-9.
  16. Scheft H, Fontenette DC. Psychiatric barriers to readiness for treatment for hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection among injection drug users: clinical experience of an addiction psychiatrist in the HIV-HCV coinfection clinic of a public health hospital. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40(Suppl 5): S292-S296.
  17. Ataei B, Babak A, Yaran M, Kassaian N, Nokhodian Z, Meshkati M, et al. Hepatitis C in intravenous drug users: seroprevalence and risk factors. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2012; 28(Special): 1537-45.
  18. Batki SL, Canfield KM, Smyth E, Ploutz-Snyder R. Health-related quality of life in methadone maintenance patients with untreated hepatitis C virus infection. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009; 101(3): 176-82.
  19. Ren XS, Amick B, III, Zhou L, Gandek B. Translation and psychometric evaluation of a Chinese version of the SF-36 Health Survey in the United States. J Clin Epidemiol 1998; 51(11): 1129-38.
  20. Niederau C, Fischer C, Kautz A. Socio-economical aspects, quality of life and state of knowledge in hepatitis B patients. Socio-economical aspects in hepatitis B. Z Gastroenterol 2007; 45(5): 355-68.