Determining eaeA, hly, and flich7 Virulence Genes in Escherichia Coli Diarrheal Stool Samples

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Iran

2 Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Iran

Abstract

Background: Most of the Escherichia coli strains can cause intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Enterohemorragic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 diseases have increased in developed countries, and today is the third cause of diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the eaeA, hly, and flich7 virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheal stool samples.Methods: After collecting 55 samples of human diarrhea in Tehran city hospitals, Iran, chemical and microbial tests for Escherichia coli strains were done, the bacteria were isolated and DNA was extracted using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) method.Findings: Of 55 human samples, 34 (61.8%) were of the flich7 gene, 11 (20.0%) were of the hly gene and 4 (7.2%) were of the eaeA gene.Conclusion: The controversy of the results of this study and other studies may be due to age, sample type, geographical location, type of diet, methods of detection and isolation, individual health status and even seasons of the year.

Keywords

References

  1. Brooks GF, Butel JS, Morse SA. Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg's medical microbiology. 25th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006.
  2. Saif YM, Glisson JR, Fadly AM, McDougald LR, Nolan L. Diseases of Poultry. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press; 2003.
  3. Besser RE, Griffin PM, Slutsker L. Escherichia coli O157:H7 gastroenteritis and the hemolytic uremic syndrome: an emerging infectious disease. Annu Rev Med 1999; 50: 355-67.
  4. Nataro JP, Baldini MM, Kaper JB, Black RE, Bravo N, Levine MM. Detection of an adherence factor of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with a DNA probe. J Infect Dis 1985; 152(3): 560-5.
  5. Ryan CA, Tauxe RV, Hosek GW, Wells JG, Stoesz PA, McFadden HW, Jr., et al. Escherichia coli O157:H7 diarrhea in a nursing home: clinical, epidemiological, and pathological findings. J Infect Dis 1986; 154(4): 631-8.
  6. Carter AO, Borczyk AA, Carlson JA, Harvey B, Hockin JC, Karmali MA, et al. A severe outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7--associated hemorrhagic colitis in a nursing home. N Engl J Med 1987; 317(24): 1496-500.
  7. Edelman R, Karmali MA, Fleming PA. From the National Institutes of Health. Summary of the International Symposium and Workshop on Infections due to Verocytotoxin (Shiga-like toxin)-producing Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis 1988; 157(5): 1102-4.
  8. Riley LW. The epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiologic features of hemorrhagic colitis. Annu Rev Microbiol 1987; 41: 383-407.
  9. Sarimehmetoglu B, Aksoy MH, Ayaz ND, Ayaz Y, Kuplulu O, Kaplan YZ. Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef using immunomagnetic separation and multiplex PCR. Journal Food Control 2009; 20(4357361).
  10. Blanco JE, Blanco M, Alonso MP, Mora A, Dahbi G, Coira MA, et al. Serotypes, virulence genes, and intimin types of Shiga toxin (verotoxin)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from human patients: prevalence in Lugo, Spain, from 1992 through 1999. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42(1): 311-9.
  11. Schmidt H, Beutin L, Karch H. Molecular analysis of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain EDL 933. Infect Immun 1995; 63(3): 1055-61.
  12. Yu J, Kaper JB. Cloning and characterization of the eae gene of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Mol Microbiol 1992; 6(3): 411-7.
  13. Paton JC, Paton AW. Pathogenesis and diagnosis of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998; 11(3): 450-79.
  14. Calderwood SB, Acheson DWK, Keusch GT, Barrett TJ, Griffin PM, Strockbine NA, et al. Proposed new nomenclature for Shiga-like toxin (verotoxin) family. ASM News 1996; 62: 118-9.
  15. Smith DR, Moxley RA, Peterson RE, Klopfenstein TJ, Erickson GE, Bretschneider G, et al. A two-dose regimen of a vaccine against type III secreted proteins reduced Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization of the terminal rectum in beef cattle in commercial feedlots. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2009; 6(2): 155-61.
  16. Gannon VP, D'Souza S, Graham T, King RK, Rahn K, Read S. Use of the flagellar H7 gene as a target in multiplex PCR assays and improved specificity in identification of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35(3): 656-62.
  17. Cagney C, Crowley H, Duffy G, Sheridan JJ, OBrien S, Carney E, et al. Prevalence and numbers of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in minced beef and beef burgers from butcher shops and supermarkets in the Republic of Ireland. Food Microbiology 2004; 21(2): 203-12.
  18. Yamamoto S, Terai A, Yuri K, Kurazono H, Takeda Y, Yoshida O. Detection of urovirulence factors in Escherichia coli by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 1995; 12(2): 85-90.
  19. Khan A, Das SC, Ramamurthy T, Sikdar A, Khanam J, Yamasaki S, et al. Antibiotic resistance, virulence gene, and molecular profiles of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolates from diverse sources in Calcutta, India. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40(6): 2009-15.
  20. Blanco M, Blanco JE, Mora A, Rey J, Alonso JM, Hermoso M, et al. Serotypes, virulence genes, and intimin types of Shiga toxin (verotoxin)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy sheep in Spain. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41(4): 1351-6.
  21. Moyo SJ, Maselle SY, Matee MI, Langeland N, Mylvaganam H. Identification of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from infants and children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Infect Dis 2007; 7: 92.
  22. Kargar M, Dianati P, Homayoon M. Evolution of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli isolated from hamburger by multiplex PCR in Shiraz. J Isfahan Med Sch 2011; 29(148): 977-87. [In Persian].
  23. Soleimanifard N, Amini K, Moradli Gh. Molecular identification of Escherichia coli pathotypes EPEC and EAEC strains isolated from urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility pattern by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. J Isfahan Med Sch 2015; 32(310): 1954-64. [In Persain].
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 33, Issue 341 - Serial Number 341
May and June 2015
Pages 1037-1043

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 February 2015
  • Revise Date: 02 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics