The Relation of Intraocular Pressure and Duration of Type 2 Diabetes

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Student of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Epidemiologist, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: High intraocular pressure (IOP) is discussed as a risk-factor for ocular disorders such as diabetic retinopathy and optic nerve atrophy. Also, type 2 diabetes is mentioned as a risk-factor for increased intraocular pressure. There was not any study comparing the intraocular pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and normal subjects. Regarding the increasing prevalence of diabetes, especially in our society, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the intraocular pressure and duration of diabetes mellitus.Methods: In a descriptive analytical study, the records of patients with type 2 diabetes, who were admitted to Feyz hospital, Isfahan, Iran, during 2013-2014, were studied. The Demographic characteristics, intraocular pressure and duration of diabetes were collected and analyzed.Findings: The mean ± standard deviation of duration of diabetes was 12.2 ± 5.6 years (range: 1-25) and the mean ± standard deviation of intraocular pressure in right (OD) and left (OS) eyes was 15.6 ± 3.5 and 15.5 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively. Between the duration of diabetes and intraocular pressure, a significant correlation, with the rate of 8%, was found (P = 0.006).Conclusion: Intraocular pressure, in patients with type 2 diabetes, depends on many factors including age, sex, duration of diabetes and related disease. Also, due to lack of proper control of diabetes, different parts of the body, especially the eyes, are exposed to the destructive effects of diabetes and impaired performance. Despite all the progresses in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, prevention is still the most appropriate way. Sugar and blood pressure control, proper nutrition and regular physical activity can reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords

References

  1. Duckworth WC, Abraira C, Moritz TE, Davis SN, Emanuele N, Goldman S, et al. The duration of diabetes affects the response to intensive glucose control in type 2 subjects: the VA Diabetes Trial. J Diabetes Complications 2011; 25(6): 355-61.
  2. Gordon MO, Beiser JA, Brandt JD, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, Johnson CA, et al. The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study: baseline factors that predict the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120(6): 714-20.
  3. Vaughan D, Asbury T, Riordan-Eva P. General ophthalmology. New York, NY: Appleton and Lange; 1999.
  4. Biswas S, Raman R, Koluthungan V, Sharma T. Intraocular pressure and its determinants in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in India. J Prev Med Public Health 2011; 44(4): 157-66.
  5. Iwase A, Suzuki Y, Araie M, Yamamoto T, Abe H, Shirato S, et al. The prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in Japanese: the Tajimi Study. Ophthalmology 2004; 111(9): 1641-8.
  6. Negi A, Vernon SA. An overview of the eye in diabetes. J R Soc Med 2003; 96(6): 266-72.
  7. Weinreb RN, Khaw PT. Primary open-angle glaucoma. Lancet 2004; 363(9422): 1711-20.
  8. Nemesure B, Wu SY, Hennis A, Leske MC. Factors related to the 4-year risk of high intraocular pressure: the Barbados Eye Studies. Arch Ophthalmol 2003; 121(6): 856-62.
  9. Xu L, Xie XW, Wang YX, Jonas JB. Ocular and systemic factors associated with diabetes mellitus in the adult population in rural and urban China. The Beijing Eye Study. Eye (Lond) 2009; 23(3): 676-82.
  10. Alishiri A, Saeedifar MR, Shahab Jahanloo AR, Ebrahimpoor K, Salari S. Evaluation of various factors relating to intraocular pressure and C/D ratio. Hormozgan Med J 2005; 8(4): 189-92. [In Persian].
  11. Shafiepour L, Ahmadzadeh A, Shafiepour V, Khalilian AR. The Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and risk factors among diabetic patients attending to Imam Khomeini hospital in Sari. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2006; 16(55): 125-30. [In Persian].
  12. Skarbez K, Priestley Y, Hoepf M, Koevary SB. Comprehensive Review of the Effects of Diabetes on Ocular Health. Expert Rev Ophthalmol 2010; 5(4): 557-77.
  13. Henricsson M, Nystrom L, Blohme G, Ostman J, Kullberg C, Svensson M, et al. The incidence of retinopathy 10 years after diagnosis in young adult people with diabetes: results from the nationwide population-based Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS). Diabetes Care 2003; 26(2): 349-54.
  14. Cherecheanu AP, Garhofer G, Schmidl D, Werkmeister R, Schmetterer L. Ocular perfusion pressure and ocular blood flow in glaucoma. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2013; 13(1): 36-42.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 312 - Serial Number 312
November and December 2015
Pages 2077-2084

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 16 December 2014
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics