The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Tendency to Consumption of Morphine in Male Rat

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 Department of Sport Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

3 Professer, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

AbstractBackground: Several investigations have suggested that many factors affect the creation and perpetuation of morphine addiction such as exercise. Applying exercise with different lengths and types showed different effects on this addiction. This study aimed to assess the influence of four weeks of aerobic exercise on the desire to consume morphine in male rats.Methods: This study was done on 24 male wistar rats divided into 4 equal groups of saline, morphine, saline-exercise and morphine-exercise. At first, the rats were trained to receive small pallets with pressing active lever in self-administration apparatus. Then, all animals were anaesthetized and the jugular vein was cannulated. After recovery, the animals were placed into the self-administration apparatus 2 hours a day for 11 days. The first 6-days, animals were food-restricted and the later 5 days, were without food restriction. The exercise groups ran on the treadmill for 4 weeks before surgery. Finally, the numbers of lever pressing were recorded and evaluated. After 11 days, withdrawal symptoms were measured.Findings: The number of active lever pressing, and withdrawal symptoms were significantly difference among the groups; but there was no significant difference in number of passive lever pressing between the groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that probably, aerobic exercise can prevent tendency to consumption of morphine and reduce withdrawal symptoms in rats. It is possible that exercise exerts the effect on morphine addiction via the dopamine system.

Keywords

References

  1. Shirsavar MH, Amirtash AM, Jalali S, Koushan M, Keavanlou F, Seyedahmadi M. Comparing the effectiveness of rehabilitation methods with and without exercise on quality of life and self-steam addicts. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci 2013; 30(3): 292-301. [In Persian].
  2. Nestler EJ. Common molecular and cellular substrates of addiction and memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2002; 78(3): 637-47.
  3. Scott DJ, Heitzeg MM, Koeppe RA, Stohler CS, Zubieta JK. Variations in the human pain stress experience mediated by ventral and dorsal basal ganglia dopamine activity. J Neurosci 2006; 26(42): 10789-95.
  4. Saboori A, Nasimi A, Ghaderi-Pakdel F, Shyrpoor A, Ghol A. Lidocaine Injection into the VTA and heroine self-administration in rats. Urmia Med J 2006; 17(2): 114-21. [In Persian].
  5. Alaei H, Esmaeili M, Pourshanazari A, Ramshini E, Shams Ahmar F, Alaei S. Neurophysiology of addiction. Isfahan, Iran: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences p. 101-2; 2011. [In Persian].
  6. Meeusen R, Piacentini MF, De Meirleir K. Brain microdialysis in exercise research. Sports Med 2001; 31(14): 965-83.
  7. Mathes WF, Kanarek RB. Persistent exercise attenuates nicotine- but not clonidine-induced antinociception in female rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006; 85(4): 762-8.
  8. Fadaei A, Miladi Gorji H, Makvand Hosseini S. Effects of regular swimming exercises on severity of naloxone- precipitated morphine withdrawal signs in rats. Zahedan J Res Med Sci 2013; 21(87): 54-62. [In Persian].
  9. McGovern MK. The effects of exercise on the brain [Online]. [cited 2005]; Available from: URL: http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro05/web2/mmcgovern.html
  10. Sahraei H, Poorheidari G, Foadaddini M, Khoshbaten A, Asgari A, Noroozzadeh A, et al. Effects of nitric oxide on morphine self-administration in rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2004; 77(1): 111-6.
  11. Naderi A, Alaei H, Sharifi MR, Hoseini M. The comparison between effect of short-term and mid-term exercise on the enthusiasm of the male rats to self-administer morphine. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2007; 9(4): 272-80. [In Persian].
  12. Yosefi M, Reisi P, Alaei H, Pilehvarian AA. Effect of exercise on learning and memory in rats after intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. J Isfahan Med Sch 2011; 29(151): 1083-90. [In Persian].
  13. Salehian O, Soori R, Hasan Z. The comparative study of effects endurance and training on HSP70 levels in Mice with breast cancer tumor. Sport Physiology 2012; 4(15): 109-20. [In Persian].
  14. Alaei H, Esmaeili M, Nasimi A, Pourshanazari A. Ascorbic acid decreases morphine self-administration and withdrawal symptoms in rats. Pathophysiology 2005; 12: 103-7.
  15. Saedi-Marghmaleki V, Alaei H, Azizi-Malekabadi H. The effect of short-term physical activity on withdrawal symptoms with or without mPFC area in male rats influenced by morphine. J Isfahan Med Sch 2013; 31(243): 997-1006. [In Persian].
  16. Sarkaki A, Mohammadian M, Panahi M, Ahangarpour A, Fakher R. Effects of forced exercise on withdrawal syndrome, brain hippocampal neural count and serum corticosterone hormone level in morphine addicted male rats. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2012; 11(1): 11-25. [In Persian].
  17. Esmaeili M, GanjKhani M, Melati A, Rastak S. The effect of reversible locus coeruleus (LC) on I.V self-administration of morphine and morphine withdrawal syndrome (MWS) Signs in Rats. J Zanjan Univ Med Sci 2007; 15(59): 9-20. [In Persian].
  18. Hosseini M, Alaei HA, Naderi A, Sharifi MR, Zahed R. Treadmill exercise reduces self-administration of morphine in male rats. Pathophysiology 2009; 16(1): 3-7.
  19. Smith MA, Walker KL, Cole KT, Lang KC. The effects of aerobic exercise on cocaine self-administration in male and female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 218(2): 357-69.
  20. Jalalvand A, Heidarianpour A, Almasi J. Acute effects of swimming exercise on withdrawal syndrome sign in morphine-dependent rats. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci 2013; 20(3): 373-9. [In Persian].
  21. Ouchi Y, Yoshikawa E, Futatsubashi M, Okada H, Torizuka T, Sakamoto M. Effect of simple motor performance on regional dopamine release in the striatum in Parkinson disease patients and healthy subjects: a positron emission tomography study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2002; 22(6): 746-52.
  22. Esch T, Stefano GB. The neurobiology of pleasure, reward processes, addiction and their health implications. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2004; 25(4): 235-51.
  23. Fontes-Ribeiro CA, Marques E, Pereira FC, Silva AP, Macedo TR. May exercise prevent addiction? Curr Neuropharmacol 2011; 9(1): 45-8.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 34, Issue 394 - Serial Number 394
July and August 2016
Pages 927-932

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 21 December 2015
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics